软件无线电架构的导航接收机模拟前端设计

针对基于超外差或低中频的传统导航接收机模拟前端电路功能复杂、功耗高、不利于单片集成等问题,基于模拟最小化,数字最大化的思想,通过芯片内部集成高增益射频放大器、低功耗的高速模数转换器、低抖动的时钟锁相环,创新性地设计并实现了一款基于软件无线电架构的接收机模拟前端电路。通过55 nm CMOS工艺电路设计、版图设计、仿真及硅流片验证,测试结果表明该接收机前端电路各模块功能正常,实现了单个模拟接收通道处理多模导航信号,极大地降低了模拟电路的规模及功耗并成功应用于一款多模导航SoC芯片中。     

一种SDA数字滤波器的低功耗设计

SDA（Serial Distributed Arithmetic,SDA）数字滤波器具有速度快、结构规整等优点,广泛应用于数字信号处理器芯片级电路实现中.SDA在采样数据值位跳变频率比较高时,会导致很大的移位寄存器功耗,降低了SDA的性能、功耗比.研究SDA数字滤波器的低功耗设计,主要途径是通过一种优化阶符的二进制数据表示方式来表示采样数据,以达到减小采样数据值位跳变频率的目的,从而实现减小SDA数字滤波器的功耗.实验结果表明,本文研究的低功耗设计方法可有效减小SDA数字滤波器10%的功耗.     

逻辑电路动态老化试验的输入矢量选择方法

针对逻辑电路动态老化试验的输入矢量优化问题,提出一种用于实现被测芯片的自加热能力的输入矢量优化选择方法.该方法采用转换故障模型,利用ATPG手段生成备选的输入矢量集合;为提高功耗权重计算的精确性,对不同类型的门电路在不同输入组合情况下的功耗权重进行了分析;根据逻辑仿真结果,引入功耗权重指标来描述在不同矢量组合输入条件下被测电路的功耗;以哈密尔顿回路为模型,采用遗传算法在功耗权重的引导下进行优化输入矢量序列的选取.在ISCAS’85基准电路上的实验数据表明,文中方法选取的输入矢量序列可在保持较高电路功耗的同时有效地减少电路中无跳变节点的数量,起到了功耗均匀化的效果.     

软件无线电中前端数字下变频的研究

本文在讨论软件无线电的基本原理、结构、特点以及关键技术的基础上,研究了软件无线电数字前端中的数字下变频(DDC)技术。     

一种半带滤波器的低功耗实现方法

半带滤波器常被用于实现数字变频中数字信号的2倍抽取过程。对于抽取半带滤波器的无乘法器实现结构,常使用移位相加代替乘法操作减少硬件资源的使用,利用多相分解技术降低整体滤波的运算量,降低硬件实现总体功耗。在此基础上进一步提出了一种低功耗的实现方法。通过Modelsim软件仿真验证功能正确后,最后由Design Complier软件的综合结果表明,与传统一般移位相加实现结构相比,所提出的结构有效地降低了半带滤波器的面积及功耗。     

数字温度传感器中低功耗数字滤波器设计

设计了一种应用于数字温度传感器的低功耗CIC(Cascade-Integrated-Comb)抽取滤波器。在功能上,控制滤波器单次转换和抽取倍数可变;在架构上,采用非递归和多相分解的方式分六级实现CIC滤波器。通过利用不同相位的时钟控制多相分解的各个通道数据传输,避免产生多相分解控制逻辑电路。采用同步和异步分频相结合的技术产生时钟分频电路,减少分频电路的复杂性。使用资源共享技术及将乘法运算转换为移位相加运算,能够减少多相分解引入的系数对电路的影响。经过逻辑综合和功耗分析验证表明:设计的滤波器系统功耗为流水线Hogenauer CIC系统功耗的28.6%,为传统非递归CIC滤波器系统功耗的45%。     

SoC系统中VCI_AHB桥的设计及验证

针对SoC设计中IP核复用问题提出了一种高性能VCI/AMBA AHB封装电路的前端设计方法.通过对两种标准的功能和时序分析比较得出设计方案后,使用硬件描述语言实现功能,并通过搭建测试环境进行验证,仿真结果表明符合设计要求.在TSMC 0.13μm工艺下对电路进行综合,综合后时序、面积、功耗均达到了很好的优化.     

定频调幅式电涡流传感器电路及其在防水数显卡尺中的应用

为了进一步提高电涡流位移传感器的响应速度和减少功耗,提出了一种采用皮尔斯晶体振荡器的定频调幅式驱动电路。利用Pspice仿真软件对振荡电路的参数进行优化,并在防水数显卡尺中的应用进行了试验研究。仿真研究和试验结果表明,定频调幅电路具有响应快、功耗低、稳定性好的突出特点,完全可以满足数显卡尺的要求,并可以用于其他便携式测量设备。     

积分清零与积分梳状滤波器在抽取滤波中的应用研究

抽取滤波器的设计是全数字软件接收机中的关键技术,选择合适的抽取滤波器可以使得效率和资源达到最佳的平衡.积分清零和积分梳状滤波器是两种实现简单、滤波性能较好的数字抽取滤波器.这两种滤波器在中频数字接收机中都有重要的应用.从原理上分析和研究了这两种滤波器频域响应,总结了积分梳状滤波器的设计方法.提出了两种滤波器结合应用的方法,并建立模型验证在性能方面的提高.在实际应用中,说明了两者在本质上相同但在结构上的差异,因此在应用中加以区分.通过两种滤波器在相干解调电路和同步电路中的仿真,进一步说明两种滤波器的设计和实现准则.     

一种无线传感网络接收机前端滤波器设计与实现

从降低成本、提高精度的角度出发,提出了采用优化转置结构和优化CSD系数表示法相结合的无线传感器网络数字前端FIR滤波器设计方法,并在Xilinx virtexⅡ 2000系列FPGA上进行了仿真,取得了较好的结果.文章中介绍的优化CSD系数表示法,不仅可用于无线传感器网络接收机滤波器的实现,还可以用于其它固定系数的滤波器实现,具有理论研究和实践推广价值.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。