多段式骨植入体周围骨应力分布的三维有限元分析

针对植入性下肢假肢采用传统的一段式骨植入体,长期植入下由于对植入体周围的骨产生应力屏蔽效应继而引起骨质疏松,从而导致植入体松动、脱落而失效的问题,设计了一种新型的多段式结构的植入体。基于人体CT扫描数据建立了相关股骨和骨内植入体模型,针对低、中和高位下肢截肢步行最大生理载荷情况下,采用三维有限元分析方法,对新设计周围骨应力进行了分析研究,并与传统一段式骨植入体和健康自然骨的应力分布情况进行了比较。结果表明新型植入体植入后相比于一段式应力屏蔽和集中的程度得到了有效减轻,与自然状态下骨的应力较为接近,低、中位截肢下应用较好,高位下应力集中较明显,并能保持其在体内的稳定性。     

碾压混凝土重力坝静动力分析

碾压混凝土坝受施工影响 ,常在混凝土碾压层间出现结合面夹层 ,影响坝体变形及内应力分布 .应用等效模量理论 ,把层状体结构转换为横观各向同性体进行应力和位移计算 ,根据Aboudi公式预测弹性参数 ,结合龙滩碾压混凝土重力坝 ,采用有限元法分析了碾压混凝土的横观各向同性性质对坝体应力分布和动力特性的影响 .结果表明 :对比各向同性体模型 ,碾压混凝土重力坝采用横观各向同性体模型 ,计算的坝基面的坝踵及坝趾处应力集中程度变化明显 ,坝体位移相对各向同性体计算的位移偏大 ;进行碾压混凝土坝的静动力分析时 ,把层状体结构物简化为横观各向同性体的方法是简单可行的     

Q450冷弯成型角钢有限元数值模拟

采用非线性有限元法对冷弯成型过程中角钢各部位的应力、应变分布情况进行分析,并揭示了角钢在成型过程中金属的变形规律。结果表明,有限元模拟得出的板材应力、应变分布规律与实际情况相符舍,冷弯回弹模拟结果与实测回弹值存在一定的误差,模拟结果中回弹角随着成型角增加时的变化规律与实测结果一致。采用非线性有限元法对冷弯成型过程进行数值模拟是可行的。     

Comparison of stress distribution of platform-switched and non-platform switched abutment for implant supported single crown

The influence of platform-switched abutment on stress distribution within the surrounding bone,fixture,abutment,and screw under various loading conditions were studied.Two 3-D finite element models representative of an implant-supported metal crown for the mandibular first molar and its surrounding bone were computed.Model A simulated the implant with non-platform-switched abutment and model B was for platform-switched abutment.A load of 100 N was applied vertically and obliquely at the center fossa,the tip of the buccal cusp and the distal fossa,respectively.The results show that the distribution of Von Mises stress in the two models is similar.When platform-switched abutment is used,the maximum Von Mises stress within the surrounding bone is lower;however,this value is higher within the fixture and screw.     

横观各向同性成层地基中Love波弥散特性

本文利用有限单元法及解析法推导了横观各向同性土中Ｌｏｖｅ面波的弥散曲线及位移分布的计算公式，对横观各向同性地基中Ｌｏｖｅ面波的弥散特性及位移分布规律进行了讨论，并与各向同性地基Ｌｏｖｅ面波弥散曲线进行了比较。     

重型龙门数控机床-基础系统承载变形

为了研究重型龙门数控机床混凝土基础对整机刚度的影响规律,首先提出一种可计算空间网状布筋的加筋复合基础本构模型,应用该模型建立了横观各向同性的混凝土基础边界元方程,采用有限元法建立了整机结构模型,从而建立了上下结构有限元-边界元耦合系统模型. 然后,通过实例,采用光纤光栅实验法获取各部件布点处应变值,对布点处曲率二次积分确定部件的变形曲线,同时进行了承载作用下的变形仿真分析,验证了理论模型的正确性. 最后,基于上述力学模型,分析了布筋情况对系统承载变形的影响,给出了基础建设的一些建议.     

超高速摄影中转镜力学特性的数值模拟

从弹性力学基本理论和三维应力应变方程出发,利用有限元结构强度分析原理,结合实验结果及转镜具体结构,建立了转镜镜面变形量、应力分布的计算机仿真原理与方法,并对四面体转镜的计算结果做了实验对比,得出了四面体转镜应力分布、应力最大点和镜面变形的定量数值．     

高频直缝焊管焊接残余应力的三维有限元模拟研究

基于高频直缝焊管焊接热源的计算结果,综合考虑材料的物理属性随温度的高度非线性变化,以及高频加热的焊缝热影响区特有的温度分布规律,利用ANSYS有限元软件建立了高频直缝焊管焊接残余应力的三维有限元模型。获得了高频焊管温度场和残余应力场的分布规律,并对结果进行了分析。通过后处理模块,给出了焊缝部位残余应力的分布趋势,并分析了高频感应焊接残余应力的主要形成原因。发现焊缝附近的轴向残余应力较大,其中有些数值接近材料的屈服强度,而周向残余应力仅为材料屈服应力的1/3左右,径向残余应力数值较小,工程上可以忽略。     

Influence of different luting agents on the stress distributions of implant-supported all-ceramic single crown

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different luting agents on the stress distribution within the crown, abutment and peri-implant bone of implant-supported all-ceramic single crown. A three-dimensional finite element model of an implant-supported single crown for the first premolar of mandible was created by COSMOS 2.85. Resin-modified glass ionomer and two different resin adhesives were used to cement the crown and abutment. Vertical 600 N and horizontal 225 N loads were applied to stimulate the condition of chewing. The stress distributions within the all-ceramic crown, abutment and peri-implant bone were analyzed. The experimental results show that the stress distributions of all-ceramic crown, abutment, implant and peri-implant bone were similar when different luting agents were used. The result of present study indicated that luting agents had no influence on the stress distributions of implant-supported all-ceramic single crown.     

内压圆筒上矩形大开孔接管三维有限元分析与强度评定

采用有限元法，对某冷却器的矩形开孔部位在有补强和没有补强的2种结构下进行应力计算和强度分析，并在应力分析结果的基础上用线处理法对危险部位进行强度校核，同时对矩形开孔边应力分布规律和补强结构进行了讨论．结果表明：矩形开孔部位应力集中严重，需要给以补强．     

混凝土材料损伤的数值模拟

本文采用各向同性损伤模型，利用有限单元法对混凝土材料损伤破坏发展过程进行了数值模拟，着重分析了裂缝尖端及附近，试件中心的应力、位移、损伤值的发展变化，力图掌握其损伤发展及裂纹萌生的规律及其产生的相关力学因素、数值计算结果与Ｓ．Ｅ．ＳＷＡＲＴＺ和Ｎ．Ｍ．ＴＡＨＡ的实验结果作了比较，二者比较吻合，初步表明了各向同性损伤模型的有效性和有限元法在研究脆性材料损伤破坏这一领域的实用性。     

盘型悬式绝缘子瓷件的应力分析和结构优化

为减少盘型悬式绝缘子断裂事故的发生,研究了绝缘子瓷件的应力水平以及结构的优化.建立盘型悬式绝缘子的有限元模型以计算绝缘子受拉伸作用下的应力分布特性,以及在不同拉力方向的作用下,绝缘子瓷件上的应力情况.采用有限元和机器学习相结合的方法对绝缘子的结构进行优化.结果表明:在拉力作用下,瓷件与水泥胶合剂的接触面部分分离,导致绝缘子瓷件中部壁面的应力水平较高,拉力方向与绝缘子轴线的夹角越大,瓷件上的应力水平越高.在有限元计算的基础上,利用机器学习方法,对绝缘子的结构参数进行优化设计,得到了最优结构参数,最优结构较原始结构应力水平降低了30%,并对最优结构进行有限元计算验证,发现两者误差率仅为0.644%,结果可靠且优化效果显著.在绝缘子的胶装过程中,应增强胶装强度,在绝缘子的安装中,应尽量减小绝缘子的受拉方向与轴线的夹角,以有效增加绝缘子的工作寿命.结构优化得到的最优参数可以为结构设计提供理论指导和技术支持.     

Prestress design of stainless steel fibers/zirconia composite by tape casting

Prestressed SUS316 fibers/ZrO₂ composite was fabricated using tape casting. Causes of cracks were analyzed by classical thermo-elastic theory and finite element method in preparation process. An optimization design was carried out on SUS316 fibers’ arrangement modes by reducing residual thermal stress. Interface topography and element distribution of composite were observed, and bending strengths were tested. Results show that cracks are generated along the direction vertical to SUS316 fibers by axial thermal stress due to different thermal expansion coefficients between SUS316 fibers and zirconia, and the average cracking space is 2 mm. No macroscopic defect is found in composite with SUS316 fibers of sine distribution, and it has better interfacial binding force since interdiffusion between SUS316 and zirconia. Bending strengths of composite with 0°/0° lamination are anisotropic and that are 385.74 MPa and 500.7 MPa respectively, but that with 0°/90° lamination is isotropic and it is 433.92 MPa. Bending strength of composite is increased obviously compared with that of zirconia because the prestress of surface is compressive stress.     

履带起重机臂架有限元分析方法

根据桁架钢结构的受力特点 ,采用变截面梁单元模拟起重机臂架整体结构 ,建立了一种有限元简便分析方法 ,对履带起重机臂架结构的受力状况和应力特性进行了系统地分析 ,确定了危险工况 .对危险工况在各载荷组合作用下臂架结构的应力分布进行了详细的有限元法分析 ,并对其强度进行了评定 .结果表明 ,有限元简便分析方法可以反映臂架的整体应力状态 ,而有限元详细分析则可更好地反映臂架受力的局部特性     

Experimental investigation and numerical modeling for elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain analysis under monotonic loadings

Experimental investigation and numerical modeling on elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain distributions under monotonic loadings of both the Ni-based directionally solidified (DS) superalloy and Titanium alloy were carried out simultaneously. For measuring inhomogeneous deformation fields at notch roots, an optical-numerical full-field surface deformation measurement system was developed based on the digital image correlation (DIC) method. The obtained strain distributions were then verified with reasonable accuracy by finite element simulation, where an anisotropic elastic-viscoplastic constitutive model was developed for DS superalloy and a simple isotropic stress-strain relationship was adopted for Titanium alloy. Meanwhile, factors affecting elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain distributions were systematically investigated numerically, where the emphasis was placed on temperature, loading stress rate, sample shape, anisotropy and notch features. The results show that stress/strain behavior at notch root is significantly affected by the mentioned factors, which are concretely embodied in the distribution of tensile stress/strain, equivalent stress and accumulative equivalent plastic strain.     

某面板堆石坝应力及变形的有限元分析

基于邓肯-张E-B模型,建立了某面板堆石坝的有限元计算模型,获得了施工期、正常蓄水期和水位骤降期的坝体、面板应力及变形的分布和变化规律.结果表明:该混凝土面板堆石坝的坝体应力及变形性状正常,变形值在可接受范围内;坝体发生剪切破坏的可能性较小;趾板下覆的坝基较小范围内,存在应力集中和小主应力方向受拉的现象;库水位的大幅度变化对面板的挠度影响明显;坝基中断层只是对坝基的应力分布形态有影响,对坝体的应力变形影响微弱.     

重载齿轮涂层承载能力的仿真分析

为了将物理气相沉积(physical vapor deposition,PVD)涂层应用到高速重载齿轮传动装置中,运用有限元分析了涂层类型、涂层厚度、载荷大小对涂层应力分布的影响.考虑到齿轮轮齿工作面受力复杂,结合齿轮轮齿实际载荷,用非线性弹簧单元来模拟涂层-基体结构的界面结合层,建立了齿轮涂层接触力学计算模型.结合国内外其他学者所做的实验研究,计算结果表明:涂层表面的最大等效应力是涂层表面裂纹产生的主要因素,涂层厚度对等效应力分布有较大影响;涂层/基底界面的最大切应力是导致涂层剥落的主要因素,不同的涂层厚度对切应力点的分布有很明显的影响;载荷等级影响涂层的应力分布和失效形式.     

隐框玻璃幕墙温度应力的有限元分析

为进一步了解隐框玻璃幕墙温度应力的分布规律,采用ANSYS有限元分析软件,对单块隐框玻璃在内外温差作用下的应力分布进行了模拟分析,并分析了玻璃尺寸对温度应力分布的影响.结果表明:在内外温差作用下,玻璃板角部的应力最大,且在室外温度为-30,℃时应力最大;随长宽比的增大,玻璃板长边应力、短边应力以及板中心应力均逐渐增大,且板中心应力增大较快,水平向线应变逐渐增大,而竖直向线应变逐渐减小,玻璃板心挠度先增大后略微减小.     

国产CVT金属带摩擦片强度分析

计算了某工况下金属带摩擦片最危险处的应力状态,利用Hyerm esh软件划分网格,建立了该金属带摩擦片的有限元模型,并在Abaqus软件中进行强度分析,得到了摩擦片的结构应力在该工况下的分布规律.