基础特性对含铬型钒钛烧结矿粉化性能的影响

承德地区含铬型钒钛烧结矿的黏结相不充分、强度差、低温还原粉化指数低,严重影响烧结矿的质量.研究了4种不同成分的含铬型钒钛磁铁精矿粉的烧结基础特性:连晶强度、黏结相强度、液相流动性、同化温度,并与4种铁精矿粉的单烧实验结果进行比较分析,探究含铬型钒钛磁铁精矿粉基础特性对烧结矿低温还原粉化指数RDI+3.15的影响规律.结果表明:含铬型钒钛磁铁烧结矿的RDI+3.15随铁精矿粉同化温度的上升而降低,随黏结相强度的上升而升高,液相流动性和连晶强度对其影响很小.     

高铬型钒钛磁铁矿烧结试验

在高铬型钒钛磁铁矿基础特性研究的基础上,进行了配矿优化和烧结杯试验,并对烧结产物进行显微分析.结果表明,该矿烧结基本特性差,随着配比的提高,垂直烧结速度和产品转鼓指数下降,成品率和利用系数先升后降.另外,显微结构分析表明,高铬型钒钛烧结矿矿物组成主要有磁铁矿、赤铁矿、钙钛矿、铁酸钙、硅酸二钙和玻璃质.随着该矿配比的提高,烧结矿中铁酸钙、硅酸二钙含量降低,钙钛矿及玻璃相含量增加,液相量不足.因此,在实际生产中,该矿配比宜控制在10%~20%之间.     

铁矿粉液相流动性的主要液相生成特征因素解析

烧结矿是我国高炉炼铁的主要原料,烧结矿质量将直接影响高炉冶炼及炼铁工序的经济技术指标.因此,基于铁矿粉的高温特性进行优化配矿从而改善烧结矿的产质量对于炼铁工序节能增效具有十分重要的现实意义.铁矿粉的液相流动性是非常重要的烧结高温特性指标,适宜的液相流动性可以使烧结矿获得较高的固结强度.本文模拟实际烧结黏附粉层中铁矿粉颗粒与钙质熔剂质点的接触状态,采用FastSage热力学计算和微型烧结可视化试验方法研究了固定CaO配比条件下铁矿粉的液相流动性及其主要的热力学液相生成特征影响因素.研究结果表明,采用固定CaO配比与固定碱度的熔剂配加方式下,铁矿粉的液相流动性规律明显不同.铁矿粉的液相生成量是影响其液相流动性的最主要液相生成特征因素,液相生成量越多则铁矿粉的液相流动性指数越大.铁矿粉液相流动性的配合性机制是基于其液相生成量的线性叠加原则.脉石矿物含量将在一定程度上影响铁矿粉的液相流动性,随着SiO2含量的升高铁矿粉的液相生成量减少,从而导致液相流动性指数显著降低;而Al2 O3含量增加,液相流动性指数略有升高.     

鞍钢铁矿石烧结基础性能研究

利用微型烧结实验装置及烧结杯试验,对鞍钢铁矿粉的同化特性、液相固结强度、液相流动性及连晶能力等烧结特性进行综合评价.在此基础上,提出了烧结合理配矿原则,并应用到生产实践.研究结果表明,鞍钢烧结生产应以精矿B,D搭配精矿C为主,球团生产应以精矿A为主.配矿优化调整后,炼铁技术经济指标明显改善,高炉利用系数提高了0.043 t/(m3.d),入炉焦比降低了5.28 kg/t,烧结矿成本降低2.2元/t.     

铁矿粉烧结液相流动性评价

烧结矿靠流动的液相粘结未熔物获得强度,液相流动能力是铁矿粉的一个烧结基础特性. 本文提出评价铁矿粉烧结过程中液相流动性的两个新指标,即"基于温度分布的液相流动面积"以及"液相流动对温度的敏感性",并给出这两个指标相应的计算式以便正确把握烧结过程液相行为及优化烧结配矿.     

高镁型钒钛磁铁矿的烧结实验研究

以MgO含量为3.73%高镁型钒钛矿为主,通过配加普通钒钛矿、澳矿进行了二元碱度R2对MgO含量为3.3%混合矿烧结过程和烧结矿性能影响实验研究。结果表明,在烧结过程方面,二元碱度R2对烧结过程的垂直烧结速度、利用系数有一定的影响,而对烧结过程中的成品率、转鼓指数影响较大;在烧结矿性能方面,二元碱度R2对烧结矿冶金性能都有一定影响,特别是对烧结矿的中温还原性以及RDI-3.15指标影响较大。     

铁矿粉与 CaO同化能力的试验研究

在铁矿粉烧结过程中,矿石与CaO发生同化反应而生成低熔点液相的能力是衡量烧结矿同结状况的重要指标之一.在试验的基础上研究了13种常用的进口铁矿粉的同化温度和同化时间,对影响铁矿粉同化能力的因素进行了理论分析,并给出了对铁矿粉的这一烧结基础特性在烧结过程中具体应用的结果.     

细磨海砂矿烧结特性及其对烧结矿质量影响机理

通过细磨海砂矿研究其粒级分布、微观结构和烧结高温特性的变化,结合烧结杯试验、扫描电镜能谱分析等研究方法考察海砂矿粒级分布对烧结矿质量的作用机理.经细磨后海砂矿颗粒不规则程度增大,制粒性能得到改善.随着海砂矿粒度变细,其烧结高温特性呈现出与普通铁矿粉相反规律,其中海砂矿3(细磨25 min的海砂矿)与海砂矿1(未经细磨的海砂矿)相比,同化温度升高21℃,1280℃时液相流动性指数减小0.35,细磨后海砂矿与CaO反应生成钙钛矿增多,阻碍同化反应进行,生成的液相黏度增大.配加8%海砂矿3的烧结矿与配加相同比例海砂矿1相比,还原性提高3.8%,细磨后海砂矿在混合料中分布更加均匀,造成烧结矿中含钛物相质点增多,还原中产生众多微细裂纹,利于还原气体扩散.     

基于铁矿粉液相流动性的塞拉利昂高铝铁矿配矿研究

以塞拉利昂高铝铁矿粉及其他5种烧结常用铁矿粉为原料,通过添加CaO、SiO2、Al2O3纯试剂改变铁矿粉中三种组分的含量,并分析了其对铁矿粉液相流动性的影响,比较了6类铁矿粉液相流动性对SiO2、Al2O3含量的敏感性差异,研究了混合矿粉液相流动性随塞拉利昂高铝铁矿粉配比的变化并进行了烧结试验。结果表明,随着CaO配比的增加,铁矿粉的液相流动性变好,其中塞拉利昂高铝铁矿粉变化的幅度最大;SiO2含量对塞拉利昂高铝铁矿粉液相流动性的影响较Al2O3含量更为明显;随着塞拉利昂高铝铁矿粉配比增加,混合矿粉的液相液动性指数降低,烧结矿的强度和成品率下降。     

硼铁矿应用于高铬型钒钛矿烧结优化的实验研究

实验室条件下,研究了硼铁矿对高铬型钒钛矿烧结工艺及冶金性能的影响.研究表明:随着硼铁矿质量配比的升高,垂直烧结速度、成品率、转鼓指数、烧结杯利用系数、综合指标及低温还原粉化性能均呈先升高后降低的趋势,在硼铁矿质量配比为5.0%时,以上各指数均达到最高值,分别为28.84 mm·min-1,86.02%,61.2%,1.919 t·(m2·h)-1,363及90.76%,均优于未配加硼铁矿时的烧结矿性能.因此,烧结矿性能得以优化,可以为高炉冶炼提供更为优质的高铬型钒钛烧结矿.     

基于优化氧化铁皮和焦粉配比的铁矿烧结过程NOx减排研究

Reducing NO_x emission of iron ore sintering process in a cost effective manner is a challenge for the iron and steel industry at present. Effects of the proportion of mill scale and coke breeze on the NO_x emission, strength of sinter, and sinter indexes were studied by combustion and sinter pot tests. Results showed that the peak value of NO concentration, total of NO emission, and fuel-N conversion rate gradually decreased as the proportions of the mill scale increased because NO was reduced to N₂ by Fe₃O₄, FeO, and Fe in the mill scale. The strength of sinter reached the highest value at 8.0wt% mill scale due to the formation of minerals with low melting point. The fuel-N conversion rate slightly fluctuated and total NO_x emission significantly decreased with the decreased proportions of coke breeze because CO formation and content of N element in the sintered mixture decreased. However, the sinter strength also decreased due to the decrease in the amount of the melting minerals. Furthermore, results of the sinter pot tests indicated that NO_x emission decreased. The sinter indexes performed well when the proportions of mill scale and coke breeze were 8.0wt% and 3.70wt% respectively in the sintered mixture.     

Reduction of NO_x emission based on optimized proportions of mill scale and coke breeze in sintering process

Reducing NO_x emission of iron ore sintering process in a cost effective manner is a challenge for the iron and steel industry at present. Effects of the proportion of mill scale and coke breeze on the NO_x emission, strength of sinter, and sinter indexes were studied by combustion and sinter pot tests. Results showed that the peak value of NO concentration, total of NO emission, and fuel-N conversion rate gradually decreased as the proportions of the mill scale increased because NO was reduced to N_2 by Fe_3O_4, FeO, and Fe in the mill scale. The strength of sinter reached the highest value at 8.0 wt% mill scale due to the formation of minerals with low melting point. The fuel-N conversion rate slightly fluctuated and total NO_x emission significantly decreased with the decreased proportions of coke breeze because CO formation and content of N element in the sintered mixture decreased. However, the sinter strength also decreased due to the decrease in the amount of the melting minerals. Furthermore, results of the sinter pot tests indicated that NO_x emission decreased. The sinter indexes performed well when the proportions of mill scale and coke breeze were 8.0 wt% and 3.70 wt% respectively in the sintered mixture.     

唐钢烧结配矿研究

针对烧结大量使用外矿粉情况,对多种配矿结构进行实验室烧结杯实验,通过对烧结过程的分析及对成品烧结矿烧结性能的检测,确定出几种配矿结构的优选顺序,以指导今后烧结生产。     

褐铁矿的热分解特性及其对烧结过程的影响

利用热重分析的方法对褐铁矿FMG粉(简称FMGF)在受热升温过程的热分解特性进行了详细的研究.结果表明:FMGF中的结晶水在200~400℃温度区间内即完成了分解挥发,这样可以改善烧结料层透气性,使料层上部热量有效传递到下部;分解其中的结晶水,就能减少褐铁矿中的结晶水分解对烧结固体燃料消耗和烧结热平衡影响.烧结杯试验和工业应用结果验证了热分解特性研究的结论:在高比例褐铁矿条件下,通过提高难熔矿配比,可改善烧结料层透气性,改善料层传热条件,最终降低烧结固体燃耗,提高烧结成品率.     

Characteristics of combustion zone and evolution of mineral phases along bed height in ore sintering

Quantitative parameters of bed combustion, including the thickness of the combustion zone (TCZ), the maximum temperature of the combustion zone (MTCZ), and the bed shrinkage, were characterized through a series of sinter pot tests in transparent quartz pots. The results showed that TCZ first ascended and then descended as the sintering process proceeded. The sintering process was divided into four stages according to the variation rate of the TCZ. A "relative-coordinate" method was developed to obtain the actual reaction temperature of sinter along the height direction. With increasing the sintering temperature, the reactants transformed and entered into liquid phases. The mineral composition and microstructure of the sinter were characterized through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Liquid phases with greater Fe and Al contents were more likely to form acicular-like silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum after crystallization because of the outward spread of Al, which led to a better fluidity of the liquid. An evolution mechanism of "solid-state reaction-liquid phases formation-crystallization" of the mineral phases is proposed.     

Sintering characteristics of fluxes and their structure optimization

Sintering characteristics of common fluxes and sintering blending ores, such as mineralization capacity, liquid generation capacity, consolidation strength, were examined to master the behavior and effect of fluxes in sintering. Based on fundamental studies, sinter pot tests were carried out to obtain the principles of optimizing the sinter flux structure. The results showed that strong mineralization capacity, liquid phase generation capacity, and consolidation strength were obtained as sintering blending ores combined with the calcareous flux, while relatively poor sintering characteristics were obtained as sintering blending ores combined with the magnesian flux. High reactive quicklime should be used as much as possible in the sintering mixture. It reached better sintering results while quicklime was used instead of limestone and its appropriate proportion in the sintering mixture was around 4wt%. On the premise of ensuring the MgO content, the dolomite amount should be decreased, and the substitution of quicklime for dolomite caused better sintering results. The granularity of serpentine should be refined with a proper size smaller than 2 mm. The application of the divided addition method brought the best sintering performance with 30wt% of quicklime and 70wt% of fuel.     

NO_x reduction by coupling combustion with recycling flue gas in iron ore sintering process

A new process called’NOx reduction by coupling combustion with recycling flue gas(RCCRF)’was proposed to decrease NOx emission during the iron ore sintering process.The simulation test of NOx reduction was performed over sintered ore and in the process of coke combustion.Experimentally,NOx reduction was also carried out by sintering pot test.For sintered ore,the amount of NOx emission is reduced by 15wt%-25wt% at 400-550oC using 2.0vol% H2 or 2.0vol% CO,or reduced by 10wt%-30wt% at 560-720oC using 0.15vol% NH3.NOx reduction is around 10wt% by coupling combustion of pyrolysis gas and coke,or around 16wt% by recycling flue gas into coke combustion.By RCCRF,the maximum NOx reduction ratio is about 23wt% in coke combustion experiment and over 40wt% in sintering pot test.