东营凹陷盐膏层的重震联合解释技术

用单一的物探方法难以探测沉积盆地中的盐膏层,为此提出了基于重力“剥皮”的变密度多界面重磁震联合解释技术。首先利用地震、钻井确定的第三系深度和重力反演的中生界、奥陶系、太古界深度,采用重力“剥皮”技术获得由盐膏层引起的剩余异常,据此反演得到了东营凹陷的盐膏层的顶面深度和等效厚度。反演结果表明,东营凹陷盐膏层主要由10个规模较大的盐膏体组成,呈北东向的扇状展布,顶面深度在1 700~3 700 m,北部埋深较大,南部埋深较小。与钻遇盐膏层的25口钻井资料对比,反演误差仅为2.96%,说明利用重磁震联合解释技术反演盐膏层是一项可行的技术。     

孙吴-嘉荫盆地孙吴断陷重磁研究进展

利用新采集、处理和解释的重磁资料,结合钻井和区域露头资料,对孙吴断陷基底深度、构造格局和油气勘探有利区进行了研究。重磁研究基底深度一般在(100—3 000)m之间,最大深度为3 000 m,基底形态呈东浅西深,岩性主要由古生代变质岩和海西期花岗岩组成,主要发育近NNE和NEE两组断裂,共计28条,具有三凹两凸的构造格局。通过对孙吴断陷内各断凹的规模、断陷期地层沉积厚度、基底顶面埋深以及石油地质条件的综合分析认为腰屯凹陷是下步勘探的有利地区。     

利用重磁资料解译川西地区深层断裂构造及预测火山岩顶界面深度

研究川西地区可能控制火山岩相带的深大断裂以及火山岩的分布范围、深度等基础问题。利用最新大比例尺重磁资料,对数据进行斜磁化、剩磁处理和场源分离,采用物性反演方法进行反演,利用互相关系数和深度加权函数同时进行自约束,引入迭代正则化的LSQR法求解大型离散不适定问题以节省计算成本;采用正演模拟计算并确定了重磁资料主要解决的相关地质问题,即重力数据主要用于解译测区内具有密度差异的断裂构造,磁测数据主要用于预测火山岩;有针对性地采取响应的定性分析或三维反演成像,综合解译深层断裂构造、预测火山岩分布范围和埋深,并且根据已施工钻井对解译成果进行评价。火山岩埋深预测结果的最小相对均方误差仅0.86%,绝大多数情况下小于10%;重力资料能更好地反映深大基底断裂,而磁测资料对于火山岩的反应更为明显。     

重磁震统计推断联合建模反演技术研究与应用

提出了一种新的基于统计推断的重磁震联合反演方法。首先利用重磁差值趋势面进行场源分离,以分布独立的断裂系统为单元,把反映目标层地震波反射界面深度作为与其对应的重磁异常的二元复合逆函数,然后利用已知重磁震资料统计推断其逆函数在空间域上的泰勒级数分布。该方法无须事先对地质模型进行假设,避免了反演的多解性。对合肥盆地印度支面构造的反演结果说明了该方法的有效性,并成功地编绘了合肥盆地印度支面重磁震联合反演构造图。     

重磁震统计推断联合建模反演技术研究与应用

提出了一种新的基于统计推断的重磁震联合反演方法。首先利用重磁差值趋势面进行场源分离 ,以分布独立的断裂系统为单元 ,把反映目标层地震波反射界面深度作为与其对应的重磁异常的二元复合逆函数 ,然后利用已知重磁震资料统计推断其逆函数在空间域上的泰勒级数分布。该方法无须事先对地质模型进行假设 ,避免了反演的多解性。对合肥盆地印度支面构造的反演结果说明了该方法的有效性 ,并成功地编绘了合肥盆地印度支面重磁震联合反演构造图     

重磁震平面统计建模反演技术的理论探讨

目的 为重磁震的平面联合统计建模反演提供理论依据与方法基础,力图将国内目前占主导地位的重震、磁震剖面的单项理论建模反演推进到新的层次。方法 基于场论,以独立地质系统为控制单元,把重磁震共存的物性界面深度作为与其一一对应的极值重磁异常的二元复合逆函数,利用差值趋势面分析,按单元在空间(波数)域内逼近其逆函数的泰勒(傅立叶)级数分布,建立重磁震联合反演的随机地质模型。结果 重磁震平面统计建模反演技术,成功应用于胜利油田新区和潜山区的油气勘探实践,编绘出仅靠地震难以成图的深层构造图。结论 随着高分辨率重磁界面识别技术的不断提高,该项探索性研究成果有望推进综合地球物理联合建模反演技术的发展。     

东营凹陷古近系膏盐岩成因模式及其与油气藏的关系

通过钻井资料分析、岩心观察、地球化学研究等技术手段,结合该区古构造、古气候、古盐度等资料,对东营凹陷古近系膏盐岩的垂向序列、平面分布、物质来源、形成环境、控制因素及其与油气藏的关系进行了探讨。结果表明,东营凹陷孔店组一段至沙河街组四段发育有4套厚层膏盐岩,在剖面上具有泥岩-碳酸盐岩-石膏岩类-盐岩类的蒸发序列,在平面上,整个凹陷都有分布。其盐源主要是陆源,由周围凸起的寒武、奥陶系提供。随着盐湖的演化,膏盐岩形成环境由初期的“浅水蒸发”到后期的“深水蒸发”。膏盐岩沉积主要受控于气候条件、物源供给等因素。由于膏盐岩的封隔作用,孔店组及沙四段形成了两个独立的含油气系统,这为东营凹陷深层油气勘探指明了方向。     

下期要目

徐会永等尚店油田东部沙四中亚段沉积微相研究赵克超等泌阳凹陷深层系低孔低渗油气层测井识别技术朱振宇等基于预条件共扼梯度法的稀疏反褶积方法刘展等东营凹陷盐膏层的重震联合解释技术首皓等复杂储层三重孔隙结构评价方法及其应用李军等水泥环弹性模量对套管外挤载荷的影响分析温庆志等水平缝四点井网整体压裂数值模拟的改进彭枧明等射流式液动锤前后腔液体压力的数学模型张辉等钻头选型通用方法研究张国忠等胶凝原油启动屈服特性研究梁金国等含油污水固定床过滤性能试验研究孙涛垒等原油减渣馏分油水界面膜的扩张粘弹性研究古文英等乙醇…     

呼和湖凹陷煤层气储量及有利勘探区预测

针对海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷勘探程度较低的特点,利用钻井和地震资料的解释与反演,评价和预测了呼和湖凹陷煤层的空间分布规律、煤层厚度及煤的地质储量,结合煤层含气量参数,预测了凹陷内的煤层气资源量约为7.43×1011m3,占整个海拉尔盆地煤层气资源量的68.83%.呼和湖凹陷大二段煤层埋深适中,预测煤层气资源量较大,是煤层气勘探开发有利层段;南二段煤层埋深多在2000m左右,但预测煤层气资源量最大,值得开展研究工作.     

重磁电震信息联合反演的随机建模技术

为了把目前的重磁反演从理论建模延伸到随机建模领域，本文从物理场、级数理论出发提出了重磁统计推断建模反演的方法．该方法在重磁场源分离的基础上，以断裂系统把研究区划分为一些独立的次级单元．在各单元内把要反演的地下界面深度作为其对应的极值重磁异常的二元复合逆函数，利用已知的重磁电震剖面资料，统计推断其逆函数的级数分布，以建立重磁电震联合反演的随机地质模型．应用该方法获得了合肥盆地的结晶基底构造图．该项技术探索．有潜能推进综合地球物理信息勘探技术发展．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to