饮用天然矿泉水的分类

按国家饮用天然矿泉水标准,矿泉水命名的界限指标有9项,即锂、锶、锌、偏硅酸溴化物、碘化物、硒、游离二氧化碳,溶解总固体。这9项指标中有一项以上达到标准要求即可确定为矿泉水。这9种指标也就是矿泉水的类型。     

饮用天然矿泉水中偏硅酸(H2SiO3)的测定

建立了全谱直读等离子体光学发射光谱（ICP—OES）法测定饮用天然矿泉水中偏硅酸（H2SiO3）的新方法，优选了试液介质和仪器条件。方法简单、快速、灵敏度高．偏硅酸（H2SiO3）的栓出限为0．09mg／L。相时标准偏差小于1％，用于饮用天然旷泉水中偏硅酸的测定，取得了满意的结果．     

ICP-AES法测定天然卤水中11种元素

建立一种采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定天然卤水中钾、钠、钙、镁、锶、锂、硼、铜、铁、锰、锌11种元素含量的方法。样品经过简单稀释后即可测试,元素检出限为0.000 7 mg/L~2.4 mg/L,加标回收率为91.6%~108%,相对标准偏差(RSD)2%。方法简单快速,精密度好,准确度高,适用于天然卤水中钾、钠、钙、镁、锶、锂、硼、铜、铁、锰、锌元素的分析。     

金种子酿酒生产用水的检测分析与探讨

酿酒用水的质量对酿酒生产起到重要作用,金种子酒业在酿酒生产的制曲、酿造、勾兑、灌装等过程,均使用当地深层优质地下水。通过对金种子酿酒生产用水的检测分析,结合当地独特的地质水文条件、酿酒微生物生态环境及酿酒工艺等,探讨金种子浓香型白酒品质独特的重要原因。检测结果表明,金种子酿酒生产用水符合生活饮用水卫生标准,部分指标达到或优于饮用矿深层优质地下水标准;其中的偏硅酸含量为39.2mg/L,高于饮用矿深层优质地下水界限指标的25.0mg/L,矿物质、碘化钾等物质含量适当,特别适宜于酿酒生产。     

河北省市售代用茶质量安全抽检结果分析

目的 了解河北省流通市场各种代用茶产品质量安全状况。方法 在河北省3个地级市的流通环节采样63份代用茶；采用国标方法对每份样品进行霉菌、大肠菌群、镉、水分和灰分的检验，按照河北省《食品安全地方标准代用茶》判定是否合格。结果 抽检的63份样品中，有16份霉菌超标，超标率为25.4%，超标样品的霉菌含量在140～18 000 CFU/g，中位数为600 CFU/g;4份大肠菌群超标，超标率为6.3%(4/63)，超标样品含量在7.5～110 MPN/g，中位数为110 MPN/g;1份镉超标，含量为9.6 mg/kg；水分和灰分检测结果均符合标准。63份样品中，5项检测指标均合格的有46份，总合格率为73.0%(46/63)。不同产地及不同种类的代用茶合格率没有统计学差别。结论 依据河北省《食品安全地方标准代用茶》，本次抽检河北省市售代用茶不合格率较高，不合格原因主要是部分样品霉菌超标，少数样品大肠菌群或镉超标。     

卫生部关于2003年第三次食品卫生监督抽检情况的通报

卫生部文件卫法监发 [2 0 0 3]2 32号各省、自治区、直辖市卫生厅局 ,卫生部卫生监督中心 ,中国疾病预防控制中心 :根据 2 0 0 3年国家卫生监督抽检工作计划 ,我部组织安徽、北京、西藏等省、自治区、直辖市对市售的瓶装矿泉水和瓶装纯净水产品进行了卫生监督抽检 ,现将抽检情况通报如下 :一、抽检情况(一 )瓶装矿泉水 :共抽检了 132份样品 ,检验项目为菌落总数、大肠菌群、界限指标、氰化物、挥发性酚。经检测并依据国家标准《饮用天然矿泉水 ) (GB 85 37— 1995 )进行判定 ,合格 12 8份 ,合格率为 96 0 %。不合格产品为 :1 标识为扬州富…     

2018年广东省市售275份包装饮用水及天然矿泉水铜绿假单胞菌污染情况分析及检测

目的 对广东地区2018年市售的包装饮用水及天然矿泉水铜绿假单胞菌污染情况进行分析及检测。方法 采用国标《GB 8538-2016食品安全国家标准饮用天然矿泉水检验方法》对实验室2018年抽检的包装饮用水及天然矿泉水进行铜绿假单胞菌项目检测及分析。结果 275份包装饮用水及天然矿泉水中23份样品检出铜绿假单胞菌, 总阳性率为8.36%; 包装饮用水、天然矿泉水的阳性率分别为9.87%、1.92%; 包装饮用水中桶装水的阳性率为100%, 共检出76株阳性菌株, 菌株形态主要为蓝绿色。结论 包装饮用水中铜绿假单胞菌污染状况比天然矿泉水严重, 且集中在桶装包装饮用水中。建议桶装饮用水生产企业采取控制措施, 相关监督部门应加强监督管理。     

干辣椒及辣椒粉中罗丹明B含量的调查与分析

目的了解我国市售干辣椒及辣椒粉中罗丹明B的含量状况,分析违法添加罗丹明B的可能性和含量,为提出罗丹明B经济获利水平下添加行为的评判提供数据支持。方法使用随机抽样原则,在餐饮店、食品商店超市和农贸市场,随机采集干辣椒及辣椒粉,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测。结果在2 107份样品中,检出罗丹明B72份(干辣椒21份,辣椒粉51份),检测值在0.2×10-3~11.9 mg/kg之间,干辣椒检测值均0.1 mg/kg;辣椒粉中,23份样品检测值0.1 mg/kg,12份样品检测值在0.1~0.5 mg/kg之间,13份样品检测值在0.5~5.0 mg/kg之间,仅3份样品检测值5.0 mg/kg,且农贸市场和散装样品罗丹明B的检出率高。结论市售干辣椒及辣椒粉中存在违法添加罗丹明B的情况,辣椒粉问题为更严重。     

饮用天然矿泉水中锶的测定

建立了用电感耦合等离子体光度发射光谱（ICP-OES）法测定饮用天然矿泉水中锶的新方法.优选了试剂介质和仪器条件.方法简单、快速、灵敏度高.锶的检出限为0.0002mg/L,相对标准偏差小于2%（RSD,n=10）,用于饮用天然矿泉水中锶的测定取得了满意的结果.     

2011—2015年河北省瓶(桶)装饮用水发证检验结果分析

通过对2011—2015年河北省瓶(桶)装饮用水产品的检验报告进行分析,了解产品质量状况。方法 分析2011—2015年河北省矿泉水产品质量监督检验站瓶(桶)装饮用水产品检验报告共计317份,统计各产品合格率和主要不合格项。结果 饮用天然矿泉水、饮用纯净水和其他饮用水产品合格率分别为87.50%(35/40)、94.03%(63/67)和80.48%(169/210),总合格率为84.23%(267/317)。主要不合格项为标签、溴酸盐和菌落总数。结论 瓶(桶)装饮用水产品不合格率较高。     

Content of strontium,lithium and calcium in selected milk products and in some marine smoked fish

The strontium, lithium and calcium contents have been determined in 87 samples of five kinds of milk-fermented products, as well as in 93 samples of ten kinds of marine smoked fish. The samples were purchased on the local market. The representative samples were dry ashed in quartz crucibles and the ash was treated with suitable amounts of conc. HCl and a few drops of conc. HNO3. The obtained sample solution was then used for the determination of Sr, Li and Ca by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) method. Ca and Li were determined using the air-acetylene flame and Sr with nitrous oxide-acetylene flame, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The contents of Sr in the fermented milk products ranged from 0.21 to 0.79 (mean 0.44 +/- 0.07) and in the marine smoked fish from 0.02 to 4.63 (mean 1.16 +/- 0.24) mg/kg of the edible form of both products. Li contents in the milk products ranged from 0.01 to 0.50 (mean 0.07 +/- 0.04) and in the smoked fish from 0.00 to 0.58 (mean 0.11 +/- 0.08) mg/kg. The calcium was highest in the milk products and ranged from 1,010 to 2,020.0 (mean 1,377 +/- 143) mg/kg. In the smoked fish calcium varied strongly and ranged from 40 to 1,052 (mean 303 +/- 53) mg/kg of the edible form. The calculated average ratio of strontium to calcium (mg Sr/1 g Ca) in the milk beverages and yogurts amounted 0.32 and in the smoked fish was 12 times as high and amounted 3.84. The main purpose of this work was to present Ca, Sr and Li together. This is justified because Sr and to some extent also Li are able to modulate Ca metabolism and vice versa.     

Content of strontium,lithium and calcium in selected milk products and in some marine smoked fish

The strontium, lithium and calcium contents have been determined in 87 samples of five kinds of milk‐fermented products, as well as in 93 samples of ten kinds of marine smoked fish. The samples were purchased on the local market. The representative samples were dry ashed in quartz crucibles and the ash was treated with suitable amounts of conc. HCl and a few drops of conc. HNO₃. The obtained sample solution was then used for the determination of Sr, Li and Ca by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) method. Ca and Li were determined using the air‐acetylene flame and Sr with nitrous oxide‐acetylene flame, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The contents of Sr in the fermented milk products ranged from 0.21 to 0.79 (mean 0.44 ± 0.07) and in the marine smoked fish from 0.02 to 4.63 (mean 1.16 ± 0.24) mg/kg of the edible form of both products. Li contents in the milk products ranged from 0.01 to 0.50 (mean 0.07 ± 0.04) and in the smoked fish from 0.00 to 0.58 (mean 0.11 ± 0.08) mg/kg. The calcium was highest in the milk products and ranged from 1 010 to 2 020.0 (mean 1 377 ± 143) mg/kg. In the smoked fish calcium varied strongly and ranged from 40 to 1 052 (mean 303 ± 53) mg/kg of the edible form. The calculated average ratio of strontium to calcium (mg Sr/1 g Ca) in the milk beverages and yogurts amounted 0.32 and in the smoked fish was 12 times as high and amounted 3.84. The main purpose of this work was to present Ca, Sr and Li together. This is justified because Sr and to some extent also Li are able to modulate Ca metabolism and vice versa.     

三种饮用水中主要阳离子的离子色谱法检测及其分布特征

通过建立的离子色谱-抑制电导法检测天然饮用矿泉水、管网末梢水和地表水水样中主要阳离子(Li+、Na+、NH₄+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Sr2+)的浓度,并分析不同类型饮用水中阳离子的浓度水平差异及分布特征。采用IonPac CS16(5 mm×250 mm)分离柱和IonPac CG16(5 mm×50 mm)保护柱,在40℃的柱温下,以30 mmol/L甲基磺酸(MSA)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min。结果表明,NH₄+在饮用天然矿泉水和管网末梢水水样中均未被检出,地表水中的检出浓度≤1.89 mg/L,Li+和Sr2+的检出浓度普遍较低(Li+≤0.026 mg/L,Sr2+≤0.263 mg/L),检出浓度最高的是Na+和Ca2+。不同类型水样中阳离子检出浓度平均值顺序均为:地表水＞管网末梢水＞饮用天然矿泉水。     

非抑制型离子色谱法测定矿泉水中偏硅酸

采用阴离子色谱交换柱进行分离,非抑制型电导离子色谱法检测,直接进样测定矿泉水中的偏硅酸含量。结果硅酸盐浓度在5~100mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9998,回收率在99.57%~101.50%之间。即采用非抑制型离子色谱法检测矿泉水中偏硅酸的方法简单快速,结果准确可靠,对环境无污染,适合矿泉水中偏硅酸的检测。     

充氮技术对天然矿泉水品质的影响

为了探究在矿泉水瓶轻量化包装过程中,充氮是否会影响矿泉水的品质,将3种天然矿泉水置于密闭的高压反应釜中,由氮气钢瓶向高压反应釜中充入氮气,控制氮气压强和承压时间,得到在不同氮气压强和承压时间下的待测水样。检测添加氮气前后水样感官指标、pH值、偏硅酸、碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐、溶解性总固体、钾、钠、钙、镁、锶、水分子团簇的变化情况。结果表明:氮气添加到天然矿泉水中对矿物质成分、分子团簇结构等没有影响,可为天然矿泉水轻量化包装提供参考数据。     

Geochemical and strontium isotope characterization of produced waters from Marcellus Shale natural gas extraction

Extraction of natural gas by hydraulic fracturing of the Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale, a major gas-bearing unit in the Appalachian Basin, results in significant quantities of produced water containing high total dissolved solids (TDS). We carried out a strontium (Sr) isotope investigation to determine the utility of Sr isotopes in identifying and quantifying the interaction of Marcellus Formation produced waters with other waters in the Appalachian Basin in the event of an accidental release, and to provide information about the source of the dissolved solids. Strontium isotopic ratios of Marcellus produced waters collected over a geographic range of ~375 km from southwestern to northeastern Pennsylvania define a relatively narrow set of values (ε(Sr)(SW) = +13.8 to +41.6, where ε(Sr) (SW) is the deviation of the (87)Sr/(86)Sr ratio from that of seawater in parts per 10(4)); this isotopic range falls above that of Middle Devonian seawater, and is distinct from most western Pennsylvania acid mine drainage and Upper Devonian Venango Group oil and gas brines. The uniformity of the isotope ratios suggests a basin-wide source of dissolved solids with a component that is more radiogenic than seawater. Mixing models indicate that Sr isotope ratios can be used to sensitively differentiate between Marcellus Formation produced water and other potential sources of TDS into ground or surface waters.     

Strontium as an indicator of rumen by-pass efficacy

A procedure has been developed for determination of the efficacy of rumen by-pass in calves. The procedure utilizes strontium as a tracer of bottle fed liquids. The concentration of strontium in the rumen after bottle feeding is a measure of the proportion of bottle fed liquid that failed to by-pass the rumen. Strontium dosage required for detection of 10% by-pass failure was 5 mg/kg body weight. The optimum time for rumen sampling after dosing was 30 min. Strontium in the rumen was determined on stomach tube samples by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The procedure was readily accomplished with typical laboratory supplies and possibly could be used to determine rumen liquid volume.     

硝酸介质中DCH_(18)C_6对Sr~(2+)的萃取行为研究

文章研究了硝酸介质中二环己基-18-冠醚-6(DCH18C6)对锶的萃取行为。通过考察稀释剂、相比(O/A)、萃取剂浓度及硝酸浓度对萃取过程中分配比和萃取率的影响,得出了DCH18C6在硝酸介质中对Sr2+的萃取规律。实验结果表明,该萃取体系在硝酸介质中能够有效地萃取锶,在萃取相比为1∶4,DCH18C6的浓度为0.1 mol/L,硝酸浓度为1.0 mol/L时,一次萃取率高于90%,用去离子水反萃四次,反萃率可达100%。