浅谈深井修复后安装采卤树试采卤

针对沙盐三井、沙盐四井的首采层修复后，在多次安装采卤树试采卤的过程中，均造成井下中心管堵管或环空堵塞。据此，总结出了适合本矿区的安装采卤树试采卤的技术方法和注意事项。     

浅谈卤井塌顶及今后卤方法

在井矿盐岩盐开采中，有的矿山采区因地质条件、盐层厚度、开采方法等各种因素的影响。在建成卤井投入生产后，部分卤井出现了顶板垮塌现象。致使卤并停产待修．给厂矿企业带来较大的经济损失。作者通过多年的工作实践，对本厂采区几口卤井发生的顶板垮塌原因，进行了分析，建议在今后开采中应加强矿山管理，合理利用盐资源。注意选择具有适合本厂采区特点的采卤方法，才能采出高浓度的卤水．生产出符合国家标准盐。     

浅谈卤井塌顶及今后采卤方法

在井矿盐岩盐开采中，有的矿山采区因地质条件，盐层厚度，开采方法等各种因素的影响，在建成卤井投入生产后，部分卤井出现了顶板垮塌现象，致使卤井停产待修，给厂矿企业带来较大的经济损失，作通过多年的工作实践，对本厂采区几口卤井发生的顶板垮塌原因，进行了分析，建议在今后开采中就在加强矿山管理，合理利用盐资源，注意选择具有适合本厂采区特点的采卤方法，才能采出高浓度的卤水，生产出符合国家标准盐。     

矿山采卤能耗的分析

通过对矿山采卤的能耗分析，采卤吨盐耗电主要与泵的扬程、电机和泵的效率、卤水含盐量等因素相关。而扬程和电机的效率均无多大变化空间，要使采卤电耗较低可从提高泵的效率和卤水的含盐量方面来想办法。     

水处理在沙市盐矿采卤中的应用

本文根据沙市盐矿在采卤中，利用地下第四系孔隙承压水采卤，造成了卤井顶板过早垮塌、套管变形、中心管结垢等井下事故。特提出了地下水在注入井前，必须进行水处理的具体方法，并取得了成功。     

采3井首采层变薄的启示

采3井是山东省大汶口盐矿漕河涯矿段的一口采卤井,位于矿区东南边缘,是采卤井组中的一口井。该井组共有四口井(见图1),采3井井深857.02米,首采层第七层盐只有1.50米厚。而相邻82米的采1井位于采3井东面,基本在同一走向上盐层厚8.25米;采1井的倾向上方,下方的采2井,采4井,与采1井的井底相距分别是152.63米(或80米),首采层厚度分别是7.29米与7.54米。岩盐层变化较大,因此,弄清岩盐层厚度变化的原因及平面上的变化规律,实属重要。     

采卤井事故预兆原因研讨

1前言为了指导生产，合理开发岩盐资源，提高卤井生产效益。因此，针对目前四川境内采卤并不同程度发生的各种事故而严重影响企业经济效益等问题，对采卤井出现事故的预兆及排出故障原因进行研讨。2采卤并事故预兆原因分析在采卤中，我们应对每一口井（单井）、一组并（连通）的生产参数作生产动态曲线图。并对每一个生产参数逐月、日、小时画出曲线图，找出最高或最低参数出现的原因进行对比分析。如3井，反循环生产将停并前后的生产参数进行对比找出参数压力、浓度、注水量三者的关系见图1。2．l浓度·4月25日前，正常生产时威量＜2409／…     

多井连通生产中选择注水井

1　概述罗城盐矿开采的是威西岩盐矿体的南部边缘的岩盐 ,至今已有 3 0年钻井水溶采盐历史。罗城矿区岩盐产状平缓 ,倾角 3°～ 5°,埋深在 1 0 2 0～1 1 2 0ｍ之间 ,盐层厚 4～ 2 7ｍ ,采用分采区开采方式。一个采区为一个井组 ,有卤井 5～ 1 6口 ,采区内井间距离 (指井底距离 ) 80～ 2 0 0ｍ ,采区之间距离 70 0ｍ左右 ,采用单井自然对流或油垫建槽工艺采卤。采区内卤井在投产后 2～ 3年内就全部互相连通 ,一些采区之间在投产 6～ 7年后也发生连通 ,采区内或采区之间卤井大片连通后 ,由于一些卤井坏了 ,未能及时修治 ,或由于卤井老化 ,采…     

分水降压提高卤井产能减少采卤泵故障

以采输卤厂老泵房主管改造为例,探讨用合适的采卤压力来提高采卤量．减少采卤泵故障的问题。     

浅析罗城盐矿卤井安全生产期的影响因素

根据罗城盐矿多年钻井水溶采盐经验，分析了卤井安全生产期的影响因素，提出了延长卤井安全生产期的一些建议。     

Characterizing geochemical reactions in unsaturated mine waste-rock piles using gaseous O2, CO2, 12CO2, and 13CO2

In situ determinations of geochemical reaction rates in mine waste-rock piles remain a challenge. Depth-profiles of field O2 and CO2 pore-gas concentrations, delta13C(CO2) values, and moisture contents were used to characterize and quantify geochemical reaction rates in two waste-rock piles at the Key Lake Uranium Mine in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Traditionally, the presence of O2 concentrations less than atmospheric in waste-rock piles has been attributed to mineral oxidation. This study showed that the interpretation of O2 and CO2 concentration profiles alone could not be used to identify the depths of dominant geochemical reactions in the piles and could lead to erroneous estimates of reaction rates. Modeling of the delta13C(CO2) depth profiles clearly showed that the gas concentration profiles present in the piles were the result of the oxidation of organic matter present below the piles, a mechanism not previously reported in the literature. Based on these findings, the rates of reactions in the organic zone were determined. The oxidation of organic matter at the base of waste-rock piles should be considered in future mine-waste pore-gas studies, in addition to sulfide oxidation and carbonate buffering.     

Survival of coliform bacteria in static compost piles of dairy waste solids intended for freestall bedding

Dairy waste solids separated from a slurry by a centrifugal separator were composted in 12 static piles. Seven of the compost piles were naturally aerated, and five were aerated by a fan that forced air through the piles of solids. The natural aeration process aged the manure solids in an unconfined pile. The fan in the forced aeration process forced air into a perforated plenum beneath the compost piles. Dairy waste solids in each compost pile were heated into the thermophilic temperature range and generally composted well. At most sampling points, coliform bacteria declined to low or undetectable numbers early in the composting period. However, as the composting process proceeded, bacterial numbers increased to approximately those present in raw dairy waste solids. Findings of this study suggest that composting offers little benefit toward net reduction in coliform bacterial numbers in dairy waste solids.     

Preference of Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adults to grain patches under constant and rising temperatures

Heat treatment, an environmental friendly insect control method, has been applied to disinfest grain storage and food processing facilities. Movement of Tribolium confusum adults into grain piles (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, or 5.0 kg oat groats) was investigated at constant temperatures (30, 35, 37.5, 40, 45, or 50 °C) or rising temperatures (at a rate of 0.05 °C/min from 24 to 54 °C in laboratory, or from approximately 30 to 60 °C in a mill during a heat treatment). Adults moved among locations, paper surface, surface of grain pile and inside grain pile. There was preference for the grain at ≤37.5 °C. No single adult always stayed inside grain piles at 30 °C. At rising temperatures, adults preferred grain piles (on the surface of or inside grain piles) and moved into cold grain regardless of adult introduction methods (introduced on surface of groats piles, on paper, or premixed with groats). Rising temperatures did not drive adults out of grain piles during heat treatment.     

Förderanlagen für Schnittholztrockner

The transportation problem at a timber drying plant had to be settled by means of a special truck. This truck, must be able to manipulate the timber piles in front of the kilns, in the socalled green-wood area, as well as after kiln drying, in the dry-wood-area. The special truck “Telemobil” itself and its applicability are discussed.     

Lead concentrations in fish and river sediments in the old lead belt of Missouri

Although active mining activities in the Old Lead Belt of Missouri ceased in 1968, old tailings piles remain and continue to impact the lead (Pb) concentrations in sediments and fish in the Big River and Flat River Creek in Missouri. A 3-year study was conducted that examined the Pb concentrations in organic-rich sediments, fish fillets, and fish whole bodies at 13 sites in these two rivers. The results showed that the sediments had significantly elevated Pb concentrations near and beyond the tailings piles compared with control sites upstream from the mining activity. The results also showed the Pb concentration in sediments correlated well with Pb concentrations in suckers (r = 0.86, p < 0.0001) and small sunfish (r = 0.82, p < 0.0001). Annual average Pb concentrations in sucker fillets ranged up to 0.67 microg/g (wet weight basis) and exceeded the World Health Organization guidelines of 0.3 microg/g (wetweight basis) at many of the sample sites. Fillets of bass, which feed at a higher trophic level, had much lower Pb concentrations than either suckers or small sunfish, and no bass fillet samples exceeded the WHO guideline. Whole body Pb concentrations in small sunfish were also determined and correlated strongly (r = 0.92, p = 0.0004) with sediment concentrations before leveling at a maximum of approximately 20 microg/g (wet weight basis).     

甜菜保藏垛温变化规律的研究

通过对临河糖厂1983—1987年四个制糖生产期甜菜保藏垛温变化的观察研究,总结了保藏垛内不同方位和不同层次的垛温变化规律,以及垛内相对高温区和相对低温区转移的规律,甜菜保藏垛温变化主要受气温年变化的影响,科学的苫盖管理是搞好甜菜保藏的重要因素。     

仓储粮堆通风干燥湿热传递模型的研究进展

从古到今,治国理政的首要之务是粮食安全。粮食仓储安全尤为重要,关系到一个国家的国家安全。由于粮食干燥储存方法原始、干燥技术落后等原因,我国每年收获后会损失大量粮食。粮食中湿热分布不均不仅会降低粮食的品质,而且会因霉变、虫害等问题严重影响食品安全。因此,如何快速、均匀而又低能耗地降低粮堆含水率或者温度,保证粮食品质,同时节约能源,是粮食干燥储藏研究的一个重要方向,具有重要的理论及现实意义。通风干燥是保证储粮中湿热均匀分布的重要措施,建立干燥模型预测粮堆的湿热分布是研究粮堆干燥过程中湿热传递的重要手段。该研究综述了粮堆湿热传递的经验模型、连续模型和离散模型,其中经验模型容易获得,但是应用较少;连续模型应用较多,但不能反映粮堆的孔隙结构;离散模型可以很好的反应粮堆的孔隙结构,但其计算量大,并且难以理解和构建。最后该研究指出可以根据不同的湿热传递过程,结合先进的计算方法和处理技术,建立相应的模型,以满足不同的模拟要求,并对粮堆通风干燥湿热传递模型未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

Sound absorption properties of acrylic carpets

Development of functional carpet structures is vital to improve sound quality of human life in transportation vehicles, residential and occupational environments. In this research, pile length and loop density parameters of acrylic carpets were studied to examine the effect on sound absorption properties. Carpet samples, with two different pile densities and four different pile lengths were produced for experimental purposes. Carpets with longer piles and dense loops result in the best sound absorption rates. Acrylic carpets produced with medium length piles and low density loops, yield better results at higher frequencies. Carpet samples with shorter piles and dense loops provide better sound absorption properties at low-to-mid frequencies. It has been observed that loop density and pile length parameters affect sound absorption properties at all frequency ranges. Anova analysis revealed that the combined effect of loop density and pile length parameters is evident in the mid and high frequency ranges.     

日照木浆工程木片露天堆场消防设计

以山东日照木浆有限责任公司漂白木浆及纸板工程中木片露天堆场为例, 分析了大型木片露天堆场消防设计中遇到的主要问题及原因, 同时介绍了国内现有大型木片露天堆场消防设计的现状, 对日照木浆工程木片堆场的消防设计做了详细说明。     

深井探测仪的数据处理

研究了用功时谱使脉冲包络锐化的算法，噪声的产生，以及平方包络积累使弱回波信号得以检测的算法，使深井探测仪的测量精度得以明显提高，预估所需混凝土数量准确性提高，解决了探测到淤泥层时回波淹没在噪声中的问题。