ES复合纤维热风非织造布

所谓复合纤维是指在同一纤维截面上存在两种或两种以上不相混合的聚合物,这是60年代就发展起来的物理改性纤维。近年来复合技术与复合纤维品种都发展很快。利用复合纤维制造技术,可以获得兼有两种聚合物特性的双组分纤维、永久卷曲纤维、超细纤维、空心纤维和异形细纤维等多种改性纤维。复合纤维由于其聚合物不同和加工方式不同而有许多种。     

石墨烯与纤维的高性能化

石墨烯是纤维材料的理想增强体,其在聚合物中的分散及与聚合物基体的相互作用是复合纤维制备的关键因素。从石墨烯／ 纤维复合纺丝工艺出发,介绍了国内外石墨烯纳米复合纤维的研究进展。主要包括石墨烯的性质及功能化改性工艺,石墨烯纤维以及石墨烯与聚合物复合制备复合纤维的制备方法,并讨论了石墨烯与柔性链聚合物纤维和刚性链聚合物纤维的纳米复合过程的不同。目前石墨烯／ 聚合物基复合纤维因成本高、制备工艺复杂,尚处于研究阶段,但随着工艺的不断发展,未来可在航天航空轻质复合材料、导电纤维及耐热纤维等领域发挥重要的作用。     

静电纺丝制备聚合物/无机物复合纳米纤维研究进展

利用静电纺丝技术制备的聚合物/无机物复合纳米纤维可以综合聚合物、无机物和纳米纤维三者的优点,表现出许多特殊的优异性能。介绍了国内外应用静电纺丝技术制备具有优良光学、电学、热学和力学性能的聚合物/无机物复合纳米纤维所取得的最新研究进展,指出了今后的研究热点及主要发展方向。     

并列复合纺丝孔道内流动组分的界面分布数值模拟

针对并列复合双组分纤维的界面变形与偏移导致纤维性能不稳定的问题,采用有限元法对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/聚酰胺6(PA6)聚合物熔体在双组分纺丝孔道内的流动进行数值模拟.根据数值计算结果得到不同条件下并列复合流动熔体的界面变化,并分析了熔体黏度、入口流量和流动长度对界面位置与形状的影响.结果表明:并列复合纤维的界...     

PCL/PVP电纺复合纤维膜的制备及其亲疏水性能研究

采用静电纺丝技术制备了聚己内酯(PCL)/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)共混纤维膜,研究了PCL/PVP配比、纺丝液浓度和PVP相对分子质量对纤维形貌及直径的影响,并测定了纤维膜的接触角以研究其亲疏水性能。结果表明:随着共混聚合物中PVP-K90比例的增加,纤维的平均直径减小;当纺丝液中聚合物质量分数在10%～14%范围内变化时,纤维的形貌改变不大,但直径随着质量分数的增加有所增大;PVP相对分子质量对复合纤维膜的形貌结构和亲疏水性能影响较大,含PVP-K30(相对分子质量40 000)的复合纤维膜比含PVP-K90(相对分子质量800 000)的复合纤维膜有较好的形貌,且PVP-K30可明显改善复合纤维膜的亲水性能。     

PLA/PHBV共混纤维结构及其低温染色性能

共混纤维,也被称为多组分纤维,具体是指两种或者多种聚合物共混之后纺成的化学纤维,在实现共混之后,能使不同聚合物的优良性能集合到一起,得到高纤维性能的新型纤维.PLA/PHBV共混纤维就是其中之一,具备良好的性能,被广泛应用于各个领域.为了提升PLA/PHBV共混纤维的性能,对其结构和性能方面进行研究很有必要.     

近十年中国非织造布用复合纤维的发展状况

从产品品种、产量及技术和应用等方面论述了中国近十年来复合纤维技术的发展状况。在过去十年,中国复合纤维在非织造布上的应用取得了长足的进展,其中复合短纤维产量从5万t左右跃升至近14万t,4条复合纤维聚合物纺丝生产线投产。预计未来,中国复合纤维技术在非织造布上的应用将会有更大的进步．     

ES复合纤维热风非织造布

所谓复合纤维是指在同一纤维截面上存在两种或两种以上不相混合的聚合物,这是60年代就发展起来的物理改性纤维。近年来复合技术与复合纤维品种都发展很快。利用复合纤维制造技术,可     

海岛型超细纤维

海岛型超细纤维是将一种聚合物分散于另一种聚合物中，在纤维截面中分散相呈“岛”状态，而母体则相当于“海”。最终通过织物后整理将海岛组分溶解，获得单丝直径低于3．0μm的超细纤维。海岛超细纤维通常状态与高收缩纤维复合加工网络成异收缩复合纤维，     

欧盟将聚丙烯/聚酰胺复合纤维纳入纺织品纤维法规

近日,欧盟将聚丙烯/聚酰胺复合纤维纳入纺织品纤维法规,法规要求在欧盟各国,纺织产品的标签及标记必须使用这个名称说明这种纤维成分。复合纤维是指在同一根纤维截面上存在2种或2种以上相混合的聚合物,聚丙烯/聚酰胺复合纤维具有工艺简单、     

Preparation and characterization of polypropylene/wood flour/nanoclay composites

In this study, the effects of coupling agent and nanoclay loading on the mechanical properties and water absorption of composites are investigated. Composites based on polypropylene (PP), wood flour, nanoclay, and maleated polypropylene (MAPP) were made by melt compounding and then injection molding. The mechanical analysis showed that the biggest improvement of the tensile and flexural strengths can be achieved for the nanoclay loading at 3%. However, further increasing of the loading of nanoclay resulted in a decrease of all the mechanical properties. The maximum tensile and flexural strengths (increase of ??46%, compared to the pure PP) were achieved in the composites when 7.5% MAPP was used as coupling agent in the manufacture of the composites. Finally, it was found that addition of nanoclay or MAPP reduced the water absorption property of the composites. However, the extent of improvement in the water absorption is more prominent with MAPP.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Starch-Glycidyl Methacrylate-Acrylic Acid Cation Exchange Composites

The synthesis of starch/glycidyl methacrylate/acrylic acid cation exchange composites was achieved by bulk polymerizing of acrylic acid (AA)/glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) mixtures in presence of starch using sodium peroxydisulphate/sodium sulphite initiating redox system. The effect of the concentration of each of sodium peroxydisulphate sodium sulphite, AA and GMA as well as polymerization temperature on the formation of the composites was investigated. Five kinds of composites of different carboxyl contents were prepared and characterized by investigating their potentiometric titrations, durabilities to use, as well as water swellabilities and solubilities.     

Role of Hydrodynamically Active Biopolymeric Ingredients in Texture Modification and Physical Stabilization of Gel-based Composite Foods

ABSTRACT: Unlike synthetic polymer composites, a large amount of water is required for composite foods and needs to be managed by the use of water-binding (hydrodynamically active) biopolymeric ingredients for texture and physical stabilization. "Hydrodynamic properties" encompass the dynamics of water binding/retention and the distribution between particulates and the matrix, and are responsible for the composite effect. The extent of reinforcement depends on their hydrodynamic and surface properties, volume fraction, size, and shape. Moisture management and the control of texture and physical stability in gel-based composites can be achieved by understanding the interrelationships among the physical parameters governing matrix and dispersed particulates. Such understanding will facilitate the introduction of new composite products with improved texture and storability, as well as improve the functional properties of biopolymeric ingredients through appropriate modification of hydrodynamic properties.     

粉煤灰/镧/壳聚糖复合材料对模拟染料废水的吸附效果

针对印染废水难处理的问题,将经镧改性的壳聚糖负载在粉煤灰上,制备出粉煤灰/镧/壳聚糖复合材料。考查了pH值、吸附时间、初始质量浓度、温度等因素对其吸附效果的影响,并利用吸附动力学、吸附热力学和等温吸附模型探讨其吸附机制。结果表明:粉煤灰/镧/壳聚糖复合材料对酸性橙溶液的吸附速率较快,60 min内达到吸附平衡,且pH值为6时,投加量为8 g/L时,25℃的条件下吸附效果最好,脱色率达到90%以上。粉煤灰/镧/壳聚糖复合材料对酸性橙溶液的吸附更加符合Freundlich等温模型和准二级吸附速率方程,其吸附过程由化学吸附和颗粒内扩散共同控制,吸附过程为自发进行。     

Studies on Mechanical and Morphological Characterization of Developed Jute/Hemp/Flax Reinforced Hybrid Composites for Structural Applications

In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop and characterize natural fiber-based composites (jute/epoxy, hemp/epoxy, flax/epoxy) and their hybrid composites (jute/hemp/epoxy, hemp/flax/epoxy, and jute/hemp/flax/epoxy) using hand-lay-up technique. Mechanical characterization (tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness test) of the developed composites was performed. The interface between fiber and matrix was examined using scan electron microscopy (SEM). Among (jute/epoxy, hemp/epoxy, flax/epoxy), flax/epoxy composite has shown higher hardness (98 Shore-D) and tensile strength (46.2 MPa) whereas better flexural and impact strength have been shown by hemp/epoxy (85.59 MPa) and jute/epoxy (7.68 kJ/m²) composites respectively. Results showed that hybrid composites observed better mechanical properties. Jute/hemp/flax/epoxy hybrid composite showed the highest tensile strength, modulus and impact strength of 58.59 MPa, 1.88 GPa, and 10.19, kJ/m², respectively. Jute/hemp/epoxy hybrid composite achieved the maximum flexural strength of 86.6 MPa.     

Nanocellulose Composites—Properties and Applications

Nanocellulose composites combine the advantages of nanocellulose and composites. Recently, nanocellulose composites have been received more attentions due to their improved properties and promising broad applications. In the past, rapid progress has been made in the synthesis, properties, and mechanism of nanocellulose composites and potential applications were reported. There are a few reports on the increasing applications of nanocellulose composites with focus on the biomedical field, environmental field, electrode and sensor applications. In this article, the recent development of nanocellulose composites was reviewed via some typical examples. In addition to the synthesis methods, improved properties and potential applications were discussed. The problems and future applications of nanocellulose composites were also suggested.     

Impact properties of thermoplastic composites

The excellent properties exhibited by thermoplastic composites at much reduced weight have attracted attention in the development of products in different sectors. Thermoplastic (TP) composites, because of their distinctive properties as well as ease of manufacturing, have emerged as a competitor against the conventional thermoset resin-based composites. Depending on the application, these composites may undergo impact events at various velocities and often fail in many complex modes. Hence, the development of TP composites having high energy-dissipation at (the desired) much-reduced weight has become a challenging task, but it is a problem which may be alleviated through the appropriate selection of materials and fabrication processes. Furthermore, fibre surface modification has been shown to increase fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion, which can lead to improved impact resistance. Textile preforms are helpful in acting as a structural backbone in the composites since they offer a relatively free hand to the composite designer to tailor its properties to suit a specific application. Additionally, hybrid textile composite structures may help in achieving the desired properties at much lower weight.

Simulation software can play a significant role in the evaluation of composites without damaging physical samples. Once the simulation result has been validated with actual experimental results, it should be possible to predict the test outcomes for different composites, with different characteristics, at different energy levels without conducting further physical tests. Various numerical models have been developed which have to be incorporated into these software tools for better prediction of the result.

In the current issue of Textile Progress, the effects of various materials and test parameters on impact behaviour are critically analyzed. The effect of incorporating high-performance fibres and natural fibres or their hybrid combination on the impact properties of TP composites are also discussed and the essential properties of TP polymers are briefly explained. The effects of fibre and matrix hybridization, environmental factors, various textile preform structures and fibre surface modification treatments on the impact properties of thermoplastic composites are examined in detail. Various numerical models used for impact analysis are discussed and the potential applications of TP composites in automobile, aerospace and medical sectors are highlighted.     

Use of starch granules melting to control the properties of bio‐flour filled polypropylene and poly(butylene succinate) composites: Mechanical properties

The feasibility and industrial potential of using bio‐flours from tropical crop residues, in particular starch containing bio‐flours, for the manufacture of bio‐composites was investigated. Polypropylene (PP) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were compounded with bio‐flours from pineapple skin (P) and from non‐destarched (CS) and destarched (C) cassava root by twin‐screw extrusion. In CS composites, two levels of starch granules melting were achieved by adjusting the extrusion temperature, enabling control of morphological and mechanical properties. The use of bio‐flours reduced tensile strength by 26–48% and impact strength by 14–40% when the proportion of bio‐flour was increased to 40% w/w, while flexural strength initially increased upon addition of bio‐flours, before decreasing at higher loads. The use of compatibilizers, in particular maleic anhydride‐polypropylene (MAPP) in PP composites with 30% bio‐flour resulted in tensile strength similar to non‐compatibilized composites with 10% bio‐flour (34–35 MPa). MAPP also increased flexural strength to higher levels than pure PP, resulting in a stronger, but less flexible material.     

缝合技术在复合材料上的应用及发展

缝合复合材料以其优良的层间断裂韧性和冲击损伤容限而越来越受到各国研究者的关注。主要介绍缝合技术在复合材料上应用的发展状况,综述了缝合方式、缝线轨迹和缝合工艺参数及其对复合材料力学性能的影响。     

浅谈纤维增强复合材料在航空工业中的应用

随着复合材料尤其是树脂基增强先进复合材料在航空航天以及其他领域的应用日益广泛,其重要性与巨大的发展潜力也日益为世人所认识和重视。简要论述了复合材料对于航空工业的重要意义和航空航天用纤维增强复合材料的应用进展情况,并提出了有关发展我国航空用复合材料的几点看法。