纺织品用驱蚊率的测试方法及其装置

阐述了防蚊与驱蚊的差别,介绍了几种常用的实验室驱蚊率测试装置,设计了一种新的适合纺织品用驱蚊率的测试装置,并介绍了测试方法。     

驱蚊酯在个人护理化妆品中的药效探讨

目前在个人护理品和家居产品领域,驱蚊产品以实现驱蚊功效为主要卖点,很少考虑对皮肤的保护和护理。因此,在不影响蚊虫驱避效果的基础上考虑产品对皮肤的护理功效是一个重要的开发课题。研究通过选择和调整驱蚊产品的配方原料,从而使产品兼具良好的护肤作用和驱蚊效果,并对成品在中国南北方不同地区的驱蚊功效进行了全面的测试。     

驱蚊环与驱蚊贴产品趋避效果试验观察及安全隐患调查分析

目的:调研市售驱蚊环和驱蚊贴的产品质量情况,参照相关标准方法对驱蚊环和驱蚊贴中的避蚊胺、驱蚊酯和派卡瑞丁进行检测,分析其存在的安全隐患;同时测试产品的驱蚊有效保护率,是否与外包装宣传一致。方法:检查了驱蚊环和驱蚊贴的包装标识和外观特征,用气相色谱法检测了避蚊胺、驱蚊酯、派卡瑞丁3种人工昆虫驱避剂含量。结果:发现20批次样品中大部分样品都称产品有效成分为天然植物精油成分且适用于婴幼儿或孕妇等特殊人群,1批次样品外包装显示含有人工合成驱避剂,90%样品的生产厂家均未进行农药登记。结论:驱蚊环和驱蚊贴产品存在标签标识混乱、配方安全性未得到验证、误导消费者等问题,有关监管部门和生产企业应重视这类新型驱蚊产品的质量安全。     

驱蚊酯的合成及应用研究

本文合成了一种高效低毒驱蚊剂-驱蚊酯[(insectifuge ester)[1],3-(Acetyl-butyl-amino)-propionic acid ethyl ester],并对其结构进行了全面鉴定,同时对其合成过程中所产生的副产物进行了分析测定。用驱蚊酯配成含2.3%驱蚊酯的花露水,并测试了其驱蚊效果,有效驱蚊时间可达5小时以上。     

驱蚊贴、驱蚊手环产品质量安全研究

参照相关标准方法对驱蚊贴、驱蚊手环中拟除虫菊酯类、避蚊胺、驱蚊酯、苯系溶剂、香茅醛、香叶醇、香叶醛进行检测。结果表明,检测的35批次样品中有13批次检出有害物质,其中7批次检出驱蚊酯,5批次检出甲苯,1批次检出甲苯和二甲苯,与产品宣称的天然、无毒、安全等信息不符。有关监管部门以及生产企业应重视这类产品的质量安全控制。     

艾叶提取物驱蚊微胶囊的制备

以天然驱蚊植物——艾叶提取物为芯材,采用复相乳液法制备驱蚊微胶囊。讨论了初乳中乳化剂用量、芯材与二氯甲烷体积比、壁材用量、保护性胶体浓度等对微胶囊粒径的影响,获得了最佳制备工艺。将粒径最小的微胶囊与黏合剂以一定比例混合后整理到涤纶织物上,并对驱蚊效果进行测试和分析。结果表明:最佳制备工艺为初乳中乳化剂体积分数为6%,芯材与二氯甲烷体积比为1∶6,壁材质量分数为4%,保护性胶体质量分数为2%;制得的微胶囊最小平均粒径为2.78μm;整理到涤纶织物上的驱蚊效果显著,蚊虫驱避率达到70%。     

复方植物精油空间驱蚊效果研究

研究4种植物精油对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果，采用圆筒法测试驱蚊率。当迷迭香油、桉叶油、甜橙油、马鞭草油按3∶2∶1∶1质量比例复配，以乙醇为溶剂将其稀释10倍，空间驱避效果最佳，驱避率达93.25%,复方精油具有良好的驱避蚊效果。     

驱蚊微胶囊的制备及对粘胶面料的功能整理

利用青蒿挥发油作为芯材制备不同芯壁体积比的青蒿挥发油微胶囊对粘胶纤维面料进行整理,并通过测试青蒿挥发油微胶囊平均粒径与整理前后面料服用性能与驱蚊效果的变化,分析青蒿挥发油微胶囊作为驱蚊整理剂最佳的芯壁体积比。研究表明,按芯壁体积比为2:1制备的青蒿挥发油微胶囊粒径最小,且使用该比例制备的青蒿挥发油微胶囊整理后的粘胶纤维面料不仅保留了粘胶纤维面料的性能,驱蚊效果也较佳,综合芯壁比为2:1为最佳比例。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定驱蚊产品中避蚊胺等八种驱蚊剂

采用毛细管气相色谱法，选用OV-17色谱柱，测定了驱蚊产品中驱蚊醇，驱蚊油、伊默宁、避蚊胺、避蚊酮、驱蝇定、驱蚊叮和增效胺八种驱蚊剂。方法的线性相关系数为:0.9996～0.9998,精密度为：1.4%～4.6%，回收率为96.7%～104.9%。     

驱蚊粘胶纤维的制备

通过对除虫菊酯乳化,使其能够与β-环糊精在一定条件下包合,得到稳定有效的除虫菊酯/环糊精包合物,使其与粘胶原液共混纺丝制备驱蚊粘胶纤维.测试结果表明:该方法得到的驱蚊粘胶纤维表面及截面均匀分布包合物,纤维力学性能达到普通粘胶纤维水平,并具有效的驱蚊作用.     

聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/聚丙烯皮芯复合驱蚊纤维

利用扫描电子显微镜观察聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/聚丙烯皮芯复合驱蚊纤维的形态结构,并用单纤强力仪测试纤维的力学性能。研究发现:复合纤维表面平滑;当纤维中驱蚊剂质量分数低于6%时,纤维截面具有规整的同心圆结构,且皮芯结合紧密,纤维的断裂强度为2.5 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为35%左右,力学性能良好;而当驱蚊剂质量分数高于8%后则出现皮芯分离现象,且此现象随着驱蚊剂含量的增高而愈发明显,力学性能随之下降。     

植物精油防控蚊的研究进展

蚊虫遍布全球除南极洲外的陆地上,在许多不发达地区,蚊虫作为传播疟疾、登革热等疾病的中间媒介,危害着无数人的生命安全。目前化学农药是虫媒防治的主要手段,化学农药的大量使用使虫媒得到了有效控制。但与此同时,虫媒的抗药性不断增强,成为虫媒疾病控制的最大威胁。此外,化学合成类农药的毒性相对较大,特别是对孕妇和婴幼儿等特殊人群不够安全。在此背景下,天然植物精油用于蚊媒控制受到了越来越多的关注。目前,现有研究主要集中在植物精油对蚊虫幼虫的灭杀活性、对成蚊的驱避和灭杀活性、以及对现用农药的增效作用三方面。总结和综述了植物精油在防蚊控蚊方面的研究进展。     

驱蚊剂合成工艺条件的探讨

香茅草(Cymbopogon witerianus),禾本科(Gramineae)香茅属,是一种热带多年生草本植物,分布在台湾、海南、广西、云南等地区,其水蒸气蒸馏产物为香茅油,香茅油主要成份是香茅醇和香茅醛,香茅醛具有驱避蚊子的作用.本实验目的是以香茅醛为原料合成驱蚊剂,探讨合成条件,并观察其驱蚊效果.     

1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol), a mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellent from volatile oil ofHemizonia fitchii (Asteraceae)

The mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellency of the major monoterpenoid present in the volatile oil ofHemizonia fitchii (Asteraceae), i.e., 1,8-cineole, was investigated. Although 1,8-cineole did not exhibit any significant mosquito larvicidal activity, it was moderately effective as a feeding repellent and highly effective as an ovipositional repellent against adultAedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito). The ovipositional repellency of 1,8-cineole, coupled with the presence of severalHemizonia chromenes previously shown to possess mosquito larvicidal activity, may therefore account in large part for the observed suppression of local mosquito populations which was associated withH. fitchii plants in northern California.Part III in the series Biologically Active Constituents of North American Plants. For Part II, see Klocke et al., 1986.     

Micro- and nano-encapsulation of limonene and permethrin for mosquito repellent finishing of cotton textiles

Iranian Polymer Journal - The aim of this study was to prepare mosquito repellent textiles. To compare bio-based and synthetic mosquito repellent agents, limonene and permethrin were encapsulated...     

Imparting insect repellency to nylon 6 fibers by means of a novel MCT reactive dye

Insect repellency of fiber is a property which makes the fiber to be of interest in the field of military and health. The insect‐repellent substrate could be prepared using either functional finishing or applying an insect‐repellent dye. In this article, insect‐repellent nylon 6 is obtained using a novel insect‐repellent reactive dye containing N,N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide. To do this, N,N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide (DEET) was first nitrated at the p‐position relative to amide functionality. The nitrated product was reduced in the presence of C₂H₅OH, SnCl₂, and HCl. The produced amine was then condensed with 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine (cyanuric chloride) as a reactive group in below 5°C. The resultant adduct was finally reacted with an amino group present in 6‐amino‐1‐hydroxy naphthalene‐3‐sulfonic acid (J‐acid) to produce 7‐(4‐chloro‐6‐(4‐(diethylcarbamoyl)‐2‐methylphenylamino)‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐ylamino)‐4‐hydroxynaphthalene‐2‐sulfonic acid. To synthesis azo dye, sulfanilic acid was diazotized using HCl and NaNO₂ and then coupled to the above prepared component to produce insect‐repellent reactive dye. An analog dye was prepared via the same route without insect‐repellent group making stage. The chemical structures of the novel dyes were characterized using FTIR and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. The spectroscopic properties of the dyes were determined in terms of λ_max and ε_max in aqueous solution. The novel dyes were then reacted with nylon 6 and bonded to it covalently to provide permanent insect‐repellent substrate. The insect‐repellent efficacy of the reacted nylon 6 was studied using standard methods for Anophele mosquito repellent. The insect‐repellent dye reacted nylon 6 showed insect‐repellent activity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

有机硅防水处理技术

概述了几种用于混凝土结构的有机硅防水剂如水性有机硅防水剂、溶剂型有机硅防水剂、有机改性有机硅防水剂等。介绍了有机硅防水剂的特点及防水处理方法。     

影响单组分聚氨酯防水涂料性能的因素

比较了单组分、双组分聚氨酯防水涂料的优缺点。分析了影响单组分聚氨酯防水涂料性能的因素。介绍了单组分聚氨酯防水涂料的施工工艺。