男性乳腺发育症的超声诊断价值

目的:探讨男性乳腺发育症的声像图特点及诊断价值.方法:应用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对28例临床触及乳头深部有包块的男性患者进行超声检查,并对其声像图特征及彩色多普勒血流情况进行回顾性分析.结果:男性乳腺发育症声像图有特异性.结论:彩色多普勒超声在诊断男性乳腺发育症具有很高的应用价值.     

高频彩色多普勒超声诊断甲状腺癌的声像图特征分析

目的观察应用高频彩色多普勒超声诊断甲状腺癌的声像图特征,分析高频彩色多普勒超声对诊断甲状腺癌的应用价值。方法对笔者所在医院2008年4月～2010年12月应用高频彩色多普勒超声诊断甲状腺癌的声像图特征进行总结分析。结果甲状腺癌以乳头状癌最多见,其彩色多普勒超声的声像图特征主要表现为彤态不规则、边界清晰的低同声,内部多有钙化,以砂砾样钙化为多见,部分病例后方回声有衰减,含纤维组织越多的病灶,衰减越明显,病灶纵横比接近1：1,血流信号没有特点。滤泡状癌为低回声,多有完整包膜,边缘欠规整,血流多丰富。木分化癌与髓样癌体积较大,回声不均,无包膜,未分化癌常有坏死液化及钙化,髓样癌可有钙化。结论高频彩色多普勒超声的广泛应用为甲状腺癌的诊断及鉴别诊断提供了可靠的依据。     

经直肠彩色多普勒血流显像在前列腺增生症和前列腺癌中的应用

目的：探讨经直肠彩色多普勒对前列腺增生症（BPH）和前列腺癌（PCa）的应用价值。方法：应用经直肠彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）对53例BPH、14例PCa和18例正常对照者进行系统的检查和分析。结果：BPH和PCa的内部血流信号均有明显增加，BPH内、外腺结构清晰，CDFI以对称性内腺血流增多为主要特征，PCa则病灶及外侵部位均可见明显血流信号，低回声区血流变化多样化，晚期病例可见明显的血流分布异常。对比两者的阻力指数、收缩期血流值等重要血流参数，差异无显著性意义。结论：BPH和PCa内部CDFI的血流变化都具有各自的分布特征，在经直肠烃灰阶超声的基础上结合CDFI检测，将有利于提高超声对BPH和PCa的诊断和鉴别能力。     

经直肠超声引导前列腺穿刺活检203例临床分析

目的评估经直肠超声引导的前列腺六针穿刺活检在前列腺癌及前列腺其他疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断的价值。方法对指肛检查阳性，血清PSA〉4pg／L及经直肠超声检查前列腺声像图异常怀疑有占位性病变的203人进行经直肠超声引导的前列腺穿刺活检。结果穿刺活检的203例病理结果：良性前列腺增生（BPH）104例占51．24％，前列腺癌（PCa）95例占46．80％，前列腺结核及前列腺平滑肌肉瘤各2例，分别占0．98％。结论经直肠超声引导的前列腺穿刺活检其操作简单，病人痛苦小，并发症少，较安全。在前列腺癌及其他前列腺疾病的诊断与鉴别诊断中有重要的临床价值。     

经直肠彩色多普勒对动脉栓塞治疗 良性前列腺增生的疗效评价

目的探讨经直肠彩色多普勒超声在动脉栓塞治疗良性前列腺增生疗效评价中的价值。方法对16例良性前列腺增生患者行前列腺动脉栓塞治疗,分别于术前及术后7天～6个月用彩色多普勒超声观察前列腺体积、腺体回声、血供及各血流参数变化情况。结果经直肠彩色多普勒显示术前前列腺体积明显增大,前列腺内血流速度加快,血流信号丰富。术后7天～6个月观测腺体体积较术前缩小,血供减少,血流参数各项监测值术前术后比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论经直肠彩色多普勒超声,对评价动脉栓塞治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效具有重要价值。     

乳腺肿块的高频图象特征及彩色多普勒诊断与病理分析

目的探讨良恶性乳腺肿块的高频图象特征及彩色多普勒血流状况及病理学基础。方法 98例经手术证实的乳腺肿块的高频声像图与病理结果进行了回顾性分析。结果乳腺肿块的高频声像图表现,如肿块边界、内部回声、钙化、衰减以及彩色多普勒检出血流的表现,均与病理改变有一定关系。结论高频超声和彩色多普勒结合病理学基础诊断乳腺良恶性肿瘤符合率较高,具有较大的诊断价值。     

干酪样坏死性附睾结核声像图特征分析

目的:总结干酪样坏死性附睾结核高频彩色多普勒声像图特征,提高其超声诊断准确率。方法:对12例经手术及病理证实的干酪样坏死性附睾结核高频彩色多普勒检查结果及临床资料进行回顾性分析,同时与28例附睾炎资料对比并进行文献复习。结果:①12例患者结核菌素(PPD)试验阳性67%,患肺结核42%。②干酪样坏死性附睾结核高频声像图特征:附睾局部或全部肿大,外形失常,病变处呈不规则、不均质中等偏强或低回声,兼有局限性较小的不规则、均质低或无回声区,边界不清;高频彩色多普勒能量图:部分患者(33%)病灶见丰富或较丰富以动脉为主的动、静脉血流信号。③继发改变:干酪样坏死性附睾结核者患侧睾丸肿大,内回声增强,可有睾丸鞘膜积液,无阴囊壁增厚及腹股沟淋巴结肿大,不伴有精索静脉曲张。结论:干酪样坏死性附睾结核高频彩色多普勒声像图具有一定特征,超声对其诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要临床意义。     

良性前列腺增生相关性血尿的彩色多普勒表现

目的：探讨前列腺增生相关性血尿的经直肠彩色多普勒超声特征。方法：对53例诊断为前列腺增生患者经直肠超声观察其前列腺动脉尿道支,测量其最大血流速度（Vmax）、最小血流速度（Vmax）、阻力指数（RI）。进行统计学处理。结果：良性前列腺增生相关性血尿组及非血尿组前列腺动脉Vmax均值分别为（23．07±3．71）cm／s、（17．12±4．25）cm／s（P=0．00）,Vmax均值分别为（4．75±3．26）cm／S、（5．07±2．54）cm／s（P=0．35）,RI均值分别为（0．79±0．035）、（0．67±0．041）（P=0．00）。结论：经直肠彩色多普勒超声可显示前列腺动脉尿道支,出现前列腺增生相关性血尿的患者,前列腺腺体血流信号增加,前列腺动脉最大血流速度增快,血供增加,血管阻力指数增大。Vmax及RI可作为良性前列腺增生相关性血尿的预测指标。     

经直肠彩色超声对前列腺癌诊断分析

目的：经直肠彩超检查,对照病理结果,探讨PCa的彩色多普勒超声表现和特征。方法：对经直肠彩超引导下穿刺活检确诊为PCa的30例患者35个恶性结节和BPH的25例患者42个增生结节的回顾,分析在二维声像图和彩色多普勒血流显像中的不同。结果：PCa结节出现在外周带为主,占86％（30／35）,内部以低回声多见,占88％（31／35）;BPH结节多出现在内腺,占81％（22／42）,内部高低回声均可见。BPH结节和PCa结节血供均增加,但PCa结节比BPH结节血流更丰富,动脉收缩期最高流速峰值、舒张末期血流峰速,加速指数、血流阻力指数明显增高,两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：经直肠彩超有助于前列腺良恶病变的定性诊断,更有利于穿刺活检的准确定位。     

高频彩色多普勒超声对睾丸扭转的诊断价值

目的 探讨高频彩色多普勒超声对睾丸扭转的诊断价值.方法 对经手术证实的32例睾丸扭转患者的超声诊断结果及其彩色多普勒声像图特点进行回顾性分析.结果 超声首诊符合31例,诊断符合率96.88%.二维超声和彩色多普勒血流成像相结合,有助于对睾丸扭转的正确诊断.结论 高频彩色多普勒超声对睾丸扭转的诊断具有重要价值.     

Prostate blood flow characteristics in the chronic prostatitis/pelvic pain syndrome

PURPOSE: We determine whether the chronic prostatitis/pelvic pain syndrome is associated with abnormal prostate blood flow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used color Doppler ultrasonography to examine 53 patients with inflammation, 80 men without inflammation and 22 healthy controls. Images were recorded and scored using standardized criteria to characterize the degree and distribution of prostatic vascularity. RESULTS: Flow was observed to the entire prostatic capsule in 77% of patients but only 18% of controls (p<0.0001). Parenchymal flow was evaluated using several criteria. On a 2-point scale flow was classified as grade 2 in 74% of patients compared to 27% of controls (p<0.0001). Similar findings were noted on a Doppler spot scale, with flow classified as grade 2 in 47% of patients compared to 14% of controls (p<0.004). Patients also had more parenchymal Doppler spots than controls (p<0.01). Diffuse blood flow throughout the prostatic parenchyma was observed in 63% of patients compared to 36% of controls (p<0.03). There was no significant difference in the amount or distribution of blood flow in patients with and without inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: The chronic prostatitis/pelvic pain syndrome was associated with increased blood flow to the prostatic capsule and diffuse flow throughout the prostatic parenchyma. Despite technical limitations, color Doppler ultrasonography may provide objective documentation of prostate blood flow abnormalities in patients with this syndrome.     

Three‐dimensional power Doppler transanal ultrasonography,to monitor haemorrhoidal blood flow after Doppler‐guided ALTA sclerosing therapy

Aim The study aimed to use power Doppler imaging (PDI) transanal ultrasonography to produce three‐dimensional power Doppler angiography images of haemorrhoidal tissue and to monitor the effects of Doppler‐guided aluminium potassium sulfate and tannic acid (DGALTA) sclerotherapy. Method Ninety‐six haemorrhoids in 43 patients were examined using PDI transanal ultrasonography, and DGALTA sclerotherapy was performed from April 2011 to April 2012. DGALTA sclerotherapy was conducted using a four‐step injection process with pulse wave Doppler ultrasound under perianal local anaesthesia. Results A three‐dimensional power Doppler angiography image of the blood flow in haemorrhoidal tissue was produced using PDI transanal ultrasonography. The cross‐sectional area of blood flow in the haemorrhoidal tissue (PDI area) significantly decreased after DGALTA sclerotherapy. The PDI areas in the preoperative state and 1 and 3 months after treatment were 0.35 ± 0.27, 0.03 ± 0.05 and 0.04 ± 0.05 cm² (P < 0.0001). Conclusion A three‐dimensional power Doppler angiography image of the haemorrhoidal tissue was technically possible and showed blood flow in the haemorrhoidal tissue to be significantly decreased after DGALTA sclerotherapy.     

彩色多普勒超声诊断会阴疝的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断会阴疝的临床价值。方法利用彩色多普勒超声对15例会阴疝患者行术前检查,观察其超声表现。结果前会阴疝14例,疝囊位于尿道与阴道之间;后会阴疝1例,疝囊位于阴道与直肠远端及肛管之间。会阴疝表现为疝囊近端与腹腔相通,远端为盲端。疝内容物为肠管时呈肠壁回声、肠腔内容物或气体回声,CDFI示肠壁少量血流信号;内容物为网膜时呈不均匀中高回声,CDFI示点状血流信号;内容物为膀胱时呈囊状无回声,CDFI示囊壁少量血流信号。其中1例合并会阴部血管瘤,1例合并会阴部纤维脂肪瘤。结论彩色多普勒超声检查可判断有无会阴疝,明确疝的类型,对诊断、鉴别诊断会阴疝具有重要价值。     

彩色多普勒超声在介入穿刺性血管损伤诊断中的价值

目的用彩色多普勒超声观察穿刺性血管损伤的声像图特征。方法26例周围血管穿刺后出现局部肿块、血管杂音,用彩色多普勒超声显示肿块的形态、回声、与周围血管的关系,观察肿块内、破口处、肢体动脉和静脉内的血流信号。结果3例单纯性血肿,彩色血流成像肿块内无血流信号;19例假性动脉瘤,肿块内有低速的动脉血流信号,动脉与肿块的破口处有五彩镶嵌的彩色血流信号和收缩期高速湍流血流频谱;4例动静脉瘘,在瘘口处可见有一股五彩镶嵌的彩色血流信号和连续性高速分流频谱。结论彩色多普勒超声能为穿刺性血管损伤提供准确的诊断。     

Dutasteride prior to contrast-enhanced colour Doppler ultrasound prostate biopsy increases prostate cancer detection

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effect of premedication with dutasteride, a dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, on prostatic blood flow prior to prostate biopsy and its impact on prostate cancer detection. METHODS: Thirty-six patients, aged 52-74 yr, with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (>or=1.25 ng/ml and free-to-total ratio of <18%) were treated with dutasteride 14 d prior to prostate biopsy. Contrast-enhanced colour Doppler (CECD) ultrasound was performed before and 7 and 14 d after dutasteride treatment. Contrast-enhanced targeted biopsies (相似文献   

Efficacy of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography for the diagnosis of renal mass lesions]

We evaluated the efficacy of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography with a galactose-based echo contrast agent, Levovist, for the diagnosis of renal mass lesions. The final pathologic diagnosis of eight renal mass lesions was renal cell carcinoma in 6 patients, transitional cell carcinoma in 1 patient and renal cyst in 1 patient (age range, 47 to 77 years; mean, 59.1). Especially in patients with renal cell carcinoma, contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography showed enhancement of mass lesion blood flow signal intensities. In all patients, contrast enhancement was demonstrated. Diagnostic capacity was improved in all patients, excluding 2 in whom mass lesion blood flow was detected by plain color Doppler ultrasonography. Furthermore, in patients with transitional cell carcinoma, the hemodynamics of mass lesions could be visualized, and diagnostic capacity was high. Contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography with Levovist, showed markedly higher mass lesion blood flow than that obtained by the plain color Doppler procedure, improving diagnostic capacity. This procedure was useful for diagnosing renal mass lesions.     

前列安栓在大鼠体内的药代动力学研究

目的 :研究前列安栓在大鼠体内的吸收及分布 ,探讨中药复方药代动力学研究的方法 ,并为该药在临床上的合理使用提供依据。　方法 :雄性大鼠直肠给药 ,剂量为 5g生药 (2 0 0 μCi) /kg,于规定时间分批取血、前列腺、直肠及相关脏器测定放射性。　结果 :药后 5min即可从血液中测到放射性 ,血液药 时曲线符合开放型二室模型 ;药后 5min从靶器官 (前列腺 )中也测到放射性 ,药物放射性在前列腺中的富集浓度高于其它器官 (直肠、肝、肾除外 ) ,至 2 4h仍维持一定水平 ;除直肠外 ,药物放射性在肝、肾中的水平最高。　结论 :该药自直肠吸收迅速 ,并迅速到达靶器官 (前列腺 ) ,易于前列腺中富集 ,这对前列腺炎及前列腺增生的治疗有特殊意义 ;肝、肾可能是该药代谢和排泄的主要场所