基于本体的数字家庭SOA服务发现机制

SOA的关键是服务,它为WebService提供了一个架构,使用该架构组织家庭服务可以实现跨平台的服务访问。然而SOA架构大多数规范如SOAP、UDDI和WSDL等均是基于XML的,所描述的服务缺乏语义信息,因此在检索过程无法有效处理一词多义和多词一义等语法问题。通过引入本体技术,建立家庭服务领域本体,从服务的功能、内容和设备三个方面利用功能概念本体、内容本体和设备本体进行语义标注,并扩展WSDL为S-WSDL来描述家庭服务。基于本体的家庭服务发现过程分为三个阶段:查找功能、过滤服务和参数类型匹配,充分利用本体的语义优势实现了智能数字家庭服务发现。     

Integrating service discovery technologies in OSGi platform

This paper describes the service discovery and interaction for home network devices using heterogeneous standards and protocols. OSGi was proposed to allow several kinds of services coming from different providers to be loaded and run on a gateway. We present a residential gateway based on the OSGi architecture for a smart home network. We combine the SLP SA/DA, the UPnP control point and the SIP UA into the gateway to achieve automated device discovery, registry, and management. Application examples are introduced and the implementation results show that our gateway can provide automatic heterogeneous service or device discovery, registry, and management.     

设备端基于深度学习的智能家居服务推荐框架

随着智能家居的普及,用户期望通过自然语言指令实现智能设备的控制,并希望获得个性化的智能家居服务。然而,现有的挑战包括智能设备的互操作性和对用户环境的全面理解。针对上述问题,提出一个支持设备端用户智能家居服务推荐个性化的框架。首先,构建智能家居的运行时知识图谱,用于反映特定智能家居中的上下文信息,并生成用例场景语句;其次,利用预先收集的通用场景下,用户的自然语言指令和对应的用例场景语句训练出通用推荐模型;最后,用户在设备端以自然语言管理智能家居设备和服务,并通过反馈微调通用模型的权重得到个人模型。在基本指令集、复述集、场景指令集三个数据集上的实验表明,用户的个人模型相比于词嵌入方法的准确率提升了6.5%~30%,与Sentence-BERT模型相比准确率提升了2.4%~25%,验证了设备端基于深度学习的智能家居服务框架具有较高的服务推荐准确率,能够有效地管理智能家居设备和服务。     

A study on virtual machine deployment for application outsourcing in mobile cloud computing

In mobile cloud computing, application offloading is implemented as a software level solution for augmenting computing potentials of smart mobile devices. VM is one of the prominent approaches for offloading computational load to cloud server nodes. A challenging aspect of such frameworks is the additional computing resources utilization in the deployment and management of VM on Smartphone. The deployment of Virtual Machine (VM) requires computing resources for VM creation and configuration. The management of VM includes computing resources utilization in the monitoring of VM in entire lifecycle and physical resources management for VM on Smartphone. The objective of this work is to ensure that VM deployment and management requires additional computing resources on mobile device for application offloading. This paper analyzes the impact of VM deployment and management on the execution time of application in different experiments. We investigate VM deployment and management for application processing in simulation environment by using CloudSim, which is a simulation toolkit that provides an extensible simulation framework to model the simulation of VM deployment and management for application processing in cloud-computing infrastructure. VM deployment and management in application processing is evaluated by analyzing VM deployment, the execution time of applications and total execution time of the simulation. The analysis concludes that VM deployment and management require additional resources on the computing host. Therefore, VM deployment is a heavyweight approach for process offloading on smart mobile devices.     

SHSim:基于OSGI的智能家居的系统测试平台

随着普适计算技术的发展,智能家居逐渐普及。智能家居在实际部署过程中往往需要集成很多不同的设备和应用服务,开展设备间的联调和系统集成测试工作通常比较困难。为了解决这个问题,本文描述了一个基于OSGI框架,适用于智能家居环境使用的系统测试平台SHSim。SHSim基于可配置化的动态机制,可以方便地增加新设备而不需要修改任何代码,实现了透明模拟功能——模拟设备不用修改(或者很少改动)即可迁移到真实设备,大大提高了测试平台的可用性。通过在智能家居项目的实际应用,验证了该系统测试平台可以有效地控制开发流程,减少整个项目测试成本,提高了开发效率。     

A simulation-based approach for dynamic process management at web service platforms

Web services technology is being adopted as a viable deployment approach for future distributed software systems that enable business-to-business and business-to-consumer interactions across the open and dynamic internet environment. Recent research is focused on developing support technologies for web service discovery, on-demand service composition, and robust execution to facilitate web services based deployment of business processes. Developing techniques to cope with the volatile and open nature of the web during execution of composite services at the service platform is essential for delivering reliable and acceptable performance in this new process delivery framework. In this paper, we propose a simulation-based framework to guide scheduling of composite service execution. Online simulation of the dynamics of the open environment is used for scheduling service requests at the service platform. Comparison of the look-ahead simulation for different scheduling policies with the current execution state provides guidelines for service execution in order to cope with system volatility. We have implemented a prototype of the proposed framework and illustrate the feasibility of our approach with experimental studies.     

Enabling smart spaces with OSGi

Today's pervasive computing spaces are developed primarily with proprietary technology and seem to lack a long-term vision of evolution and interoperation. The future pervasive computing environment will comprise a wide variety of devices and services from different manufacturers and developers. We must therefore achieve platform and vendor independence as well as architecture openness before pervasive computing spaces become common places. The Open Services Gateway Initiative attempts to meet these requirements by providing a managed, extensible framework to connect various devices in a local network such as in a home, office, or automobile. By defining a standard execution environment and service interfaces, OSGi promotes the dynamic discovery and collaboration of devices and services from different sources. Moreover, the framework is designed to ensure smooth space evolution over time and to support connectivity to the outside world, allowing remote control, diagnosis, and management. We present the OSGi technology and examine several OSGi development toolkits and products. We also share our experience in using OSGi to build an open, assistive environment that supports independent living for elders.     

一种数字家庭环境下的本体服务映射模型

当前的数字家庭系统大多使用预定义的服务调用模式,无法从语义层面上理解服务的含义并会导致系统可伸缩性差等问题.为了解决这些问题并借鉴语义网的经验,提出一种数字家庭环境下的本体服务映射模型(OSMM).OSMM以家庭环境本体为基础,以Jess推理机为推理核心,使用决策语义输入,输出映射后的实际物理设备调用接口.在虚拟数字家庭仿真实验平台(VSM)中的仿真表明,OSMM能够很好地理解决策语义并输出合适的映射结果,并具有低延时的特点,能够满足一般数字家庭决策系统的需求.     

基于领域本体的制造网格服务自动组合技术研究

为实现制造网格应用的自动化，提出了一个基于领域本体（ontology）的服务自动组合体系结构及其相应的算法。领域本体基于TOVE、STEP、PSL三个成熟的制造本体和网格服务概念模型构建。体系结构以语义结构良好的用户目标作为输入，输出预约的可执行工作流；通过基于领域本体推理的反向递归组合算法，能够实现本地仓库中工作流的重用和网格范围内服务的新工作流组合；支持抽象、具体两个层面的松耦合工作流组合（对应于编排（Choreography）和编制（Orchestration））；支持面向服务质量的工作流优化选择和工作流预约。实现了一个原型系统，实例的实验结果证明了该体系结构和算法的有效性。     

Adaptive Medical Workflow Management for a Context-Dependent Home Healthcare Assistance Service

The provision of health-care services and home assistance to the elderly and chronic patients is a challenging application scenario for Web Services composition, which support the integration of distributed, heterogeneous services in complex workflows. However, in order to support the management of the typical routine activities carried out when dealing with a patient, several contextual conditions, such as his health conditions and the presence of specialized personnel at his home, must be taken into account. Thus, context-awareness must be added to the developed services.In this paper, we present the architecture of a framework integrating workflow management and context-aware action execution to support the personalized management of medical guidelines in home health-care assistance services. The framework is based on the integration of Web Service and Autonomous Agents techniques, which enhance the execution of medical guidelines, handled as abstract workflows, with a context-sensitive execution of actions.     

A semantic service discovery approach for ubiquitous computing

Services in the ubiquitous computing are heterogeneous in nature. To be pervasive, these services should be defined in terms of their functionality and capabilities rather than the meaningless Universally Unique IDentifiers (UUIDs) or types of services. With that, clients can access the proper service based on semantic requests, rather then a pre-configured profile. In this paper, we study the requirements for semantic query to be feasible in service discovery processes. Current discovery protocols and the concept of semantics are brought together to construct a framework to realize the semantic service discovery for ubiquitous computing. Many issues are discussed in relation to service discovery topologies, ontology languages, and semantic query languages.     

An ontology-based collaborative service-oriented simulation framework with Microsoft Robotics Studio®

In Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), the concepts that services can be discovered and application can be composed via service discovery bring great flexibility to application development [Y. Chen, W.T. Tsai, Distributed Service-Oriented Software Development, Kendall/Hunt, 2008, [4]]. Microsoft Robotics Studio (MSRS) is a recent initiative in applying SOA to embedded systems and one of its key features is its 3-D simulation tool that allows applications to be simulated before deployment. This paper proposes an ontology-based service-oriented simulation framework with MSRS by adding a set of ontology systems, i.e., service ontology, workflow ontology, entity ontology, and environment ontology. These ontology systems store relevant information useful to compose simulation applications, and items stored also cross reference to each other to facilitate reusability and rapid application composition, This paper then provides a detailed case study on a popular robotic game Sumobot using MSRS to illustrate the key concepts and how they can support rapid simulation development.¹     

基于环境建模的物联网系统TAP规则生成方法

用户需求是物联网智能服务的根本驱动力，如IFTTT等很多物联网框架允许用户使用简单的触发-命令编程（TAP）规则进行编程，但它们描述的是设备调度程序，并不是用户服务需求.一些物联网系统提出采用面向目标的需求方法，支持服务目标的分解，但很难保证物联网不同服务间的一致性和服务部署的完整性.为了支持正确的“用户编程”并保证用户服务需求的一致性与完整性，本文提出了基于环境建模的TAP规则自动生成方法，在用户提供的服务需求基础上，根据环境模型自动推导出所需的系统行为，检测系统行为的一致性和完整性，并最终自动生成TAP规则，实现从用户服务需求到物联网设备调度的自动生成.本文构建了物联网应用场景的环境本体以建模环境，并定义了基于环境本体的服务需求的描述方法.另外，论文针对方法的准确性、效率、性能以及构建环境本体的时间开销在智能家居场景上进行了评估.结果表明，本文方法准确性、效率和性能超过可用阈值，且在需求达到一定数量后，构建环境本体花费的时间可忽略不计.     

面向普适计算环境的Android平台服务编排框架

普适计算环境下的智能移动设备是面向终端用户的服务资源聚集和编排的主要载体。普适计算环境中的服务资源具有多种不同的形态,包括基于互联网提供的Web服务、终端设备自身服务和资源(例如本地应用、自带传感器)以及所处环境中可访问的服务(例如环境传感器)。此外,不断变化的上下文环境对软件本身的自适应能力提出了新的要求,而移动设备上的服务编排受设备计算能力和资源的限制。为了解决上述问题,提出了一个面向普适计算环境的Android平台服务编排框架ASOF。通过ASOF,移动终端可在运行时获取所需业务流程的服务模板,并对该模板中的抽象服务进行服务绑定,实现轻量级的混合服务编排,使终端能够动态获得调用普适计算环境中各种类型的服务的能力。随后,基于OSGi Felix框架给出了一套ASOF的标准实现,并以一个具体案例验证其有效性。     

一种有效的服务资源自动语义标注方法

在服务网格中,分布式网络计算的实现依赖于如何在OGSA下实现服务交互问题的有效解决.为此,服务接口必须采用机器可理解的方式描述,从而为网格服务的动态发现和组合提供底层支持.服务语义标注技术满足了上述需求,它提出使用共享域本体中机器可理解的元数据标注服务资源描述.提出了一种有效的服务资源自动语义标注方法,该方法将服务语义标注过程分解为域标注和概念标注两个阶段,重点针对域标注问题,提出了基于机器学习的域标注算法,对实际服务资源的标注实验验证了该算法的有效性.     

On Composite Web Services Provisioning in an Environment of Fixed and Mobile Computing Resources

We present a framework for Web services provisioning in a hybrid environment of fixed and mobile computing resources. Several obstacles still hinder the seamless provisioning of Web services in mobile environments. Examples of such obstacles are: throughput and connectivity of wireless networks, limited computing resources of mobile devices, and risks of communication channel disconnections. In the proposed framework, software agents represent users, providers of services, and providers of resources. The business logic of composite services is expressed as a process model using statecharts formalism. Among other things, the use of agents provides an infrastructure that has the ability to handle disconnections during service preparation for execution. The framework also integrates a service execution planning approach to optimally select computing resources (fixed or mobile) on top of which services will be executed.     

面向普适计算的服务构件动态部署问题及算法

有限的资源是嵌入式应用的一个局限性,因此越来越多的嵌入式设备联网,通过共享资源为用户提供灵活的服务以适应普适计算的要求.以构件化嵌入式操作系统Liquid为背景,研究普适计算环境下多个服务构件动态部署问题,合理分配利用资源,克服单个嵌入式设备的资源局限性.首先对部署问题进行描述,然后给出服务构件动态部署的基本算法和启发式算法,并对启发式算法优化,最后通过算法模拟及数据分析算法的性能.虽然在Liquid系统上进行模拟实现,但算法具有通用性,启发式算法的效率分析表明,它适合设备或者服务构件数目较多的普适计算环境,在部署服务构件的同时提高服务准入成功率和资源的利用率.     

Smart devices and spaces for pervasive computing

Applications and services for pervasive computing have been dramatically grown and have contributed extensively to our daily experiences in recent years. Smart systems, devices, and spaces are proactive for ubiquitous and pervasive computing. Smart information technology (IT) is also an outcome of the state of the art and novel mobile and ubiquitous computing technologies that include highly capable handheld device, pervasive and personal device, etc. This special issue will be a trigger for further related research and technology improvements in pervasive and ubiquitous computing using smart devices and services. This special issue called for original papers describing the latest developments, trends, and solutions of smart devices and spaces for pervasive computing including real-time operating systems (OS), tiny OS and middleware supports, mobile system performance, trustworthy Internet and communications, agents and mobile and pervasive services, among others. In particular, this special issue focuses on a remote control and media-sharing system, flash storage-based smart system, heterogeneous mobile OS, and prediction and auto-execution system for pervasive computing.