纳米多孔金催化有机反应研究进展

综述了金纳米多孔材料在催化CO和醇的氧化反应、含不饱和键化合物(炔烃、亚胺和α,β-不饱和醛)的加氢还原反应、炔基芳香醛与炔烃的成环反应、氧化脱氢偶联构筑新C—C键反应和C—X(X=B,Si)键形成反应中的应用研究结果.     

金纳米粒子的合成、特性及其在生物医学检测中的应用研究进展

近年来,纳米技术越来越广泛的应用到各个领域,金纳米粒子因其具有许多优良的物理、化学及生物学性质而引起了人们特别的关注。本文综述了金纳米粒子几种经典的合成方法,以及基于金纳米粒子独特的理化性质在病原体、核酸蛋白质检测方面的最新研究进展。     

二苯胺磺酸钠还原法制备粒径可控的金纳米粒子

采用二苯胺磺酸钠还原四氯合金酸的方法,在室温条件下,用SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)、SDBS(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)作表面活性剂,成功地合成了金纳米粒子.分别讨论了还原剂二苯胺磺酸钠、表面活性剂(SDS、SDBS)及四氯台金酸的浓度等对金纳米粒子的粒径和形貌的影响.通过控制反应条件,可以合成出平均粒径大约为10、14、30、36nm的金纳米粒子.利用透射电镜(TEN)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱对金纳米粒子进行了表征.研究结果表明不同的SDS或SDBS/HAuCl4的摩尔比,对金纳米粒子的尺寸大小有影响.     

植物还原法制备负载型金纳米催化剂催化乙醇选择氧化反应

采用侧柏叶提取液还原氯金酸制备负载型金纳米催化剂,通过乙醇选择氧化反应,筛选出催化性能较好的TiO2载体。以TiO2载体为载体,考察了Au负载量、焙烧温度、催化剂用量、碳酸氢钠添加量及催化剂反应条件(时间、温度、压力)等因素对乙醇选择氧化反应的影响。结果表明,1.5%Au/TiO2催化剂(Au负载量为1.5%,质量分率,下同)催化乙醇选择氧化反应性能最佳,产物为乙醛、乙酸乙酯和缩醛,0.5%碳酸氢钠添加剂可抑制缩醛的生成,并可显著提高乙醇转化率和乙酸乙酯选择性。通过优化催化反应条件(1.5%Au/TiO2催化剂焙烧温度为400℃、用量为0.4 g、反应温度为100℃、氧气压力为3 MPa、反应时间为3 h时),乙醇转化率为47.9%,乙酸乙酯选择性为89.1%。     

藤茶干粉提取液还原制备金纳米粒子

用藤茶干粉提取液生物还原氯金酸溶液实现了金纳米粒子绿色制备,通过紫外-可见分光光度计、透射电子显微镜和粒度分布等技术手段对金纳米粒子形态等物性进行了表征,运用控制变量法探究了金纳米粒子生物合成的规律。研究发现,金纳米粒子的粒径、粒径分布、形状和稳定性受反应体系pH值、温度以及氯金酸的用量影响。pH6.47或藤茶干粉提取液过量时会引起纳米金的团聚;温度升高,金纳米粒子平均粒径会减小。通过变量控制,可以实现金纳米粒子绿色合成的有效控制。     

葡萄糖在纳米金修饰金电极上电化学行为研究

利用电还原氯金酸制备了纳米金(Nano-gold,NG)修饰Au电极。该电极对葡萄糖有催化作用,可能是由于纳米金降低了OH-表面吸附能,增加了OH-在电极表面的吸附量。通过循环伏安法研究了扫描速度、温度、本体浓度和溶液pH值对葡萄糖氧化的影响。     

纳米金催化氢气／氧气共存下丙烯直接环氧化研究进展

金以其独特的化学性质,很早就被人们广泛地应用于生产生活的各个领域.但是金历来被认为是化学惰性的金属,相对于其它贵金属,金的催化潜力一直未能引起足够的重视.然而近年来,由于Haruta课题组[1]发现负载在某种金属氧化物上的纳米金催化剂对CO低温氧化不仅具有很高的催化活性,而且还具有良好的抗水性、稳定性和湿度增强效应,致使人们对其催化活性产生了极大兴趣和关注.人们相继开展了金催化剂及其催化反应的研究.     

聚酰胺酸盐稳定的金纳米催化剂用于羧酸的绿色合成

使用一锅法成功制备了水溶性聚酰胺酸盐稳定的金纳米催化剂(AuNPs-PAAS),将该催化剂用于伯醇的催化氧化.利用紫外-可见分光光度计,X射线衍射仪(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征方法对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,金纳米粒子在聚酰胺酸溶液中处于均匀分散状态,金纳米尺寸约为5 nm.将制备的纳米金催化剂用于伯醇的氧化,评价了其在伯醇氧化成羧酸反应中的催化性能,结果显示,在空气为氧化剂,水为溶剂的条件下,AuNPs-PAAS对伯醇的催化氧化为高效的准均相催化过程,高选择性得到羧酸产物,通过调节溶液的pH值,可以很容易的实现产物与反应体系分离和催化剂的回收和循环利用.     

用聚丙烯酰胺微波高压合成金纳米粒子

金纳米粒子;光谱性质;用聚丙烯酰胺微波高压合成金纳米粒子     

金纳米颗粒聚集以及金纳米探针-微阵列技术研究进展

金纳米颗粒(GNP)探针正引起科学家们越来越多的兴趣。本文主要综述了基于GNP自组装聚集反应的生物检测和微阵列-金标银染检测的最新进展,对GNP在电化学等其他领域的研究前沿也进行了探讨。引用文献41篇。     

Recent advances in synthetic methods and applications of photo-luminescent molecularly imprinted polymers

Molecularly imprinted polymers with photo-luminescent properties (PLMIPs) and PLMIPs-based hybrids have been widely studied in recent years because of their integrated merits from molecular imprinting technologies and PL properties. PLMIPs have superior capabilities for signal transducer and molecular recognition, exhibiting great potential as the constructing platforms for promising applications. During the past decade, numerous researches have mentioned PLMIPs. In terms of unique merits and important applications of PLMIPs, a timely, comprehensive and in-depth review on PLMIPs is significant and is still lacking currently. This review systematically summarizes recent advances of PLMIPs, focusing on different synthetic methods and applications. Based on different components and structures, PLMIPs include different categories. Synthetic methods majorly involve encapsulation polymerization of nanomaterials (fluorophores) into MIPs, copolymerization of fluorescent monomers, electro-polymerization, photo-polymerization, etc. Various engineering structures and luminescence properties of PLMIPs are highlighted Potential applications of PLMIPs mention significant research fields, including chemo/bio-detection, bio-imaging, functionalized separation materials, versatile sensing materials, optical devices, etc. We also discuss present status, probable challenges and future perspectives of PLMIPs. This review is desirable for scientists from broad research fields and can promote further development of MIPs-based functional materials, luminescent hybrid materials and other advanced optical materials.     

Recent advances in synthetic micro reaction technology

Although in its infancy, the field of micro reaction technology is growing rapidly, with many research groups investigating the practical advantages associated with reaction miniaturisation. With this in mind, the following Feature Article aims to provide an overview of the progress made in the past decade, paying particular attention to the field of synthetic organic chemistry.     

共轭聚合物荧光纳米粒子研究进展

近年来,共轭聚合物荧光纳米粒子因其优异的光学性能,在化学、医学和环境科学等研究领域显示了极其广阔的应用前景.相比于传统无机半导体荧光纳米材料,共轭聚合物荧光纳米粒子具有结构多样性、功能可设计性、生物相容性好等显著优势.本文从共轭聚合物荧光粒子的制备方法、光学性能、表面功能化修饰出发,重点讨论了近年来共轭聚合物纳米粒子作为荧光探针在细胞成像及生物化学检测方面的研究进展,阐述了当前研究的主要发展方向和仍需解决的问题.     

Recent advances in the preparation of hybrid nanoparticles in miniemulsions

In this review, we summarize recent advances in the synthesis of hybrid nanoparticles in miniemulsions since 2009. These hybrid nanoparticles include organic–inorganic, polymeric, and natural macromolecule/synthetic polymer hybrid nanoparticles. They may be prepared through encapsulation of inorganic components or natural macromolecules by miniemulsion (co)polymerization, simultaneous polymerization of vinyl monomers and vinyl-containing inorganic precursors, precipitation of preformed polymers in the presence of inorganic constituents through solvent displacement techniques, and grafting polymerization onto, from or through natural macromolecules. Characterization, properties, and applications of hybrid nanoparticles are also discussed.     

Recent advances of transformable nanoparticles for theranostics

We summary recent advances of transformable NPs for nanomedicine. In this review, the transformation of NPs is divided into three groups including changes in size, surface charge and morphology, which is induced by internal stimuli, such as pH, enzyme, receptor or external stimuli, such as light, temperature.     

Recent advances in catalysts immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles

Unsupported nanoparticles are often less stable, and usually coagulation is unavoidable during the catalytic reactions. To generate stable nanoparticles with good activity, stabilizing the surface is required. Protection has been performed by the addition of polymers or long-chain alkyl surfactants with polar functional groups that attached to the nanoparticle surface via covalent or electrostatic interactions. Alternatively, nanoparticles have been immobilized or grafted onto inorganic supports to improve their stabilization and recycling ability. In this article, the green catalytic processes and recent advances in organic transformations catalyzed by magnetically retrievable catalysts are reviewed. Prior to this, methods for the synthesis of catalysts immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles are addressed briefly.     

纤维染料分析方法的研究进展

纤维染料是使纤维着色的物质,其分析检测对纺织、环保、法庭科学、古文物研究等诸多领域都有重要的意义。然而纤维染料的种类繁多、成分复杂,加之高灵敏度以及原位无损检测的分析需求日益突出,使得纤维染料的分析面临挑战。尽管如此,研究人员一直致力于高效、灵敏、无损的纤维染料分析新方法和新技术的研究,目前已经开发了多种纤维染料的分析方法,这些方法可大致分为3类:光谱法、色谱法及质谱法。该文综述了纤维染料的特点及纤维染料的检测方法及最新研究进展,并对未来纤维染料检测方法的发展进行了展望,为更好地开展纤维染料的分析提供了参考。     

Recent advances in fluorinated vinylstannanes and their synthetic utility

Fluorinated vinylstannanes have attracted much interest in recent years because they provided a useful and convenient methodology for the introduction of monofluoro, difluoro, trifluoro or polyfluoro functionality into organic molecules with retention of configuration, particularly in the synthesis of fluorine-containing naturally occurring compounds. The new methodologies discussed in this review are, therefore, potentially useful in organic synthesis particularly in the medicinal and agricultural chemistry for the synthesis of fluorine-containing biologically active compounds.     

Functional nanomachines: Recent advances in synthetic molecular machinery

A mini-review: As the top-down approach for miniaturisation of technology reaches its inherent limitations, robust strategies to build nanoscale machinery components, which have the ability to convert an input energy into motion, from the molecular level up, become increasingly important. Nature is certainly the most proficient in the control of molecular level motion; nevertheless, many successes have been enjoyed in the pursuit of mimicking key aspects of nature’s molecular machines, including two state switches, ion pumps, unidirectional rotary motors and molecular robots that can move molecular cargo. This mini-review outlines of some of the most impressive recent examples towards this end.