MgAlLiZnTi轻质高熵合金的热变形行为与热加工图研究

采用Gleeble-3500 热/力模拟试验机,在变形温度为250—350 ℃、应变速率分别为0.001、0.01、0.1和1 s^-1、真应变量分别为0.3、0.45、0.6的条件下,对Mg₅₄Al₂₂Li₁₁Zn₁₁Ti₂轻质高熵合金进行热压缩实验。基于Arrhennius模型对热压缩实验数据进行拟合,建立合金的本构方程,并绘制该合金在不同真应变下的热加工图。结果表明：在实验条件下,合金的热变形过程为加工硬化和动态再结晶为主的动态软化,且该合金的流变应力值与应变速率呈正相关,与变形温度呈负相关;该合金的热加工图表明,最佳的热加工工艺参数为变形温度335—350 ℃、应变速率1×10^-3—1 s^-1。     

Nb-10Zr合金的热变形行为、组织特征及热加工图

Nb-10Zr合金可作为特种薄膜功能材料应用于太阳能行业。深入理解Nb-10Zr合金的热变形行为是实现该应用的前提,然而国内目前围绕该合金热加工过程的材料加工性能相关研究十分匮乏。建立热材料加工图可实现描述指定条件下的材料可加工性,明确合金的变形窗口,指导材料加工工艺的制定和优化。选用均匀化处理后的电铸熔炼铸锭Nb-10Zr合金,采用热模拟试验机开展了热模拟压缩试验,并基于动态材料模型,通过对应变速率敏感系数m、功率耗散系数η和失稳系数ξ的数据分析,建立了材料不同温度和应变速率条件下的流变稳态区和非稳态区的热加工图。同时,通过微观组织观察,分析和验证了加工图的准确性。研究结果表明,Nb-10Zr合金铸锭在1 300 ℃下经24 h均匀化处理后,未出现Zr元素偏聚所形成的缺陷,也未见裂纹、气孔、疏松和夹渣等其他类型的缺陷。铸态组织中存在粗大晶粒和细小晶粒,晶粒尺寸分别为 500—800 μm和 20—30 μm。在应变为0.4和0.6条件下,Nb-10Zr合金存在2个合理的热加工窗口,即变形温度1 060—1 100 ℃和应变速率0.01—0.04 s^-1,以及变形温度1 080—1 100 ℃和应变速率0.3—1 s^-1。在不同变形条件下,变形后的Nb-10Zr合金均获得了细小的动态再结晶组织。在温度1 100 ℃和应变速率0.01 s^-1下,合金晶粒尺寸为80—100 μm;而在温度1 100 ℃及应变速率1 s^-1下,合金晶粒尺寸为40—60 μm。此外,通过不同工艺制备参数下合金组织形貌的观察,证明了所确定加工窗口的合理性 。本研究为Nb-10Zr生产过程中的工艺选择和工艺参数的优化提供了理论指导。     

AZ31镁合金高温热压缩流变应力行为的研究

在Gleeble 1500D型热模拟试验机上,在应变速率为0.01～1s-1、变形温度为573～723K条件下,对AZ31合金的流变应力行为进行了研究.结果表明:AZ31镁合金在热压缩变形时,当应变速率一定时,流变应力随着变形温度的升高而减小;而当变形温度一定时,流变应力随着应变速率的增大而增大;该合金的热压缩流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述,在本实验条件下AZ31镁合金热变形应力指数n=8.34,其热变形激活能Q=196kJ/mol.     

Cu-0.58Sn合金热变形行为和热加工图研究

利用Gleeble-3180热模拟试验机,对Cu-0.58Sn合金在400～700 ℃,应变速率0.01～10 s?1条件下的热变形行为进行了研究。结果表明：该合金具有正的应变速率敏感性和热敏性,其流动应力随应变速率的增大而增大,随变形温度的升高而减小。建立了本构方程及热加工图,计算得出CuSn合金的热变形激活能为239.928 kJ/mol,同时优化出合金的最佳热加工参数为：变形温度500～700 ℃,应变速率3.16～10 s-1。     

双级形变热处理工艺中7A55铝合金热变形行为及热加工图

以固溶+自然时效态7A55铝合金为研究对象,利用热模拟试验机研究该合金在近生产条件(温度370~450℃,应变速率0.01~10 s^-1)下的流变应力行为。基于得到的流变应力数据,构建了本构方程和热加工图,并通过微观组织对热加工图进行了验证。结果表明,经自然时效预处理后的7A55铝合金在高温变形时呈现明显软化现象,流变应力随温度的增加和应变速率的降低而逐渐下降。通过计算得到热激活能为138.71 kJ/mol,最佳热变形参数为410~450℃、0.01~0.1 s^-1。7A55铝合金在热变形时存在亚动态再结晶现象。     

生物医用新型Ti-Nb-Ta-Mo-Zr合金的热变形行为

采用多功能相变仪对一种新型医用β型Ti-Nb-Ta-Mo-Zr合金在变形温度900~1 000℃、应变速率10~(-2)~1 s~(-1)、变形量60%的高温塑性变形行为进行研究,得出合金在高温下流变应力随变形温度、变形速率变化的变化规律。基于Zener-Hollomon参数建立了Ti-Nb-Ta-Mo-Zr合金的流变应力双曲线正弦本构方程,得出合金的真应力-真应变曲线图,并建立以动态材料为基础的热加工图。结果表明,应变温度的升高和应变速率的降低都会使合金的流动应力降低,合金流变应力曲线还具有应力峰值和流变软化特征。同时,试验得出合金在高温变形时的加工硬化指数和热变形激活能等常数。     

H62黄铜合金热变形行为

结合连续挤压工艺制定Gleeble-1500热压缩试验方案,测定H62黄铜合金流变应力,采用Arrhenius方程的指数形式描述H62黄铜的本构关系,绘制H62黄铜合金的热加工图,预测H62黄铜合金在连续挤压过程中的功率耗散因子η和组织的分布,以及塑性失稳区的位置,确定H62黄铜合金的最佳热变形参数为应变速率为0.01s-1,温度为400～500℃.     

铸态Ti–44Al–4Nb–(Mo, Cr, B)合金的热变形行为及热加工图

利用Gleeble热模拟机研究了铸态Ti-44Al-4Nb-(Mo,Cr,B)合金在1 050～1 200℃、0.005～0.5s-1下的热变形行为,并基于所得的真应力-真应变曲线绘制了热加工图。另外,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了片层和γ相的变形机制。结果表明,该合金是典型的应变速率和温度敏感材料,它的热加工性能较好,在1 100、1 150℃温度下的低应变速率区域以及1 200℃温度下高应变速率区域比较适合热加工。再结晶是流变软化的主要原因,较高的变形温度和较低应变速率有利于再结晶晶粒的进行。片层结构的变形机制为片层扭折,而γ相的主要变形机制为位错滑移和变形孪晶。     

超轻镁锂合金LZ91热变形行为探究：本构方程及热加工图

本文以挤压态Mg-9Li-1Zn镁锂合金为材料在Gleeble3500热模拟实验机上做热压缩变形实验，变形温度范围为150℃-350℃，应变速率范围为0.001s-1-10s-1。基于所采集实验数据绘制流变应力应变曲线，建立了双曲线正弦函数的本构方程及真应变为0.916时热加工图，结合变形后微观组织观测分析了动态再结晶的产生情况，表明了适宜加工的安全区域和在加工中应该避免的失稳区域，预测温度范围为250-300℃，应变速率0.01s-1时为较理想的变形参数，峰值耗散系数值大于38.55%，热变形激活能Q=112.066kJ/mol，应力指数n=3.60273。     

7075铝合金高温等温变形的流变应力特征

在Gleeble—1500热模拟试验机上．采用高温等温压缩法，研究了7075铝合金在250-450℃温度范围及1．0～0．001s^-1应变速率范围内压缩变形时流变应力的变化规律．结果表明。应变速率和变形温度对合金流变应力的影响很大，流变应力随应变速率的提高而增大，随变形温度的提高而降低；其流变应力值可用Zener-Hollomon参数来描述．从流变应力、应变速率和温度的相关性，得出了该合金高温变形的应力指数n，应力水平参数α，结构因子A和变形激活能Q。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared