18F-FDG PET显像在中老年人体检中的应用

中老年人是心血管疾病及肿瘤等疾病的高发人群,我国每年癌症发病人数大约160万～200万,心脑血管病的发病率更高,主要是中老年人,而这些疾病在发病早期并无明显不适,发现疾病时往往已是晚期,使患者错过了最佳治疗期,18F-FDGPET全身显像由于具有早期发现疾病的潜力,已被一些有条件的人群做为体检的重要手段。我们对1998年9月～2001年9月的中老年体检者进行了回顾性分析,以探讨18F-FDGPET在正常体检中的应用价值。1资料和方法1.1研究对象1998年9月～2001年9月在我院PET中心仅以体检为目的被检查者363例。男301例,女62例,年龄35～75岁,平…     

18F-FDG PET或PET/CT显像在淋巴瘤中的应用

淋巴瘤是一组起源于淋巴造血组织的恶性实体瘤，在我国发病率居恶性肿瘤第11～13位，死亡率为1．56／10万人口。恶性淋巴瘤的分类复杂，病理特点多变，病变范围广泛，大致可分为霍奇金病（Hodgkin’s disease，HD）和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（non-Hodgkin’slymphoma，NHL）两大类。中国人淋巴瘤多为NHL，HD仅占10％左右（国外为40％）；发病年龄集中于40岁左右（国外为20～24岁，75～84岁两个年龄段）。     

18F-FDG PET显像在肺癌治疗效果评价中的意义

目的:探讨18F标记的脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射型计算机断层显像(PET)在肺癌治疗中对肺癌放化疗效果的价值。方法:对22例肺癌患者在放化疗前后进行18F-FDG PET显像,观察肺部病灶治疗前后图像和标准化摄取值(SUV)的变化,并进行临床随访观察。结果:治疗结果,显效6例,有效9例,无效4例,进展3例;随访观察与PET显像结果一致。结论:18F-FDG PET显像能及时反映肺癌放化疗效果,对治疗有指导价值。     

18F-FDG符合显像在肺部肿瘤诊断中的临床应用

目的探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)符合显像在肺部肿瘤诊断中的临床应用价值.方法回顾性分析98例临床怀疑肺部肿瘤患者术前18F-FDG符合显像结果,观察各种病变摄取18F-FDG的情况及特征.结果98例被怀疑肺部肿瘤的病例中确诊为肺癌60例,其18F-FDG符合显像结果全部为阳性;肺部良性肿瘤9例,8例为阳性;确诊为肺结核20例,11例显像阳性;炎症9例,4例显像阳性.结论18F-FDG符合显像诊断肺部肿瘤具有很高的敏感性和准确性.对肺癌的分期亦具有重要的价值,但须结合临床对显像的特征进行分析,以提高对肺癌诊断的特异性.     

18F-FDG PET显像与EEG对颞叶癫痫病灶定位诊断比较

目的 通过对62例难治性癫痫患者进行前瞻性研究,对18F-FDG PET显像与脑电图(EEG)在颞叶癫痫致痫灶定位的诊断价值.方法 对62例临床确诊颞叶癫痫并接受手术治疗的患者进行前瞻性研究.所有患者均进行发作间期PET/CT脑显像检查和长程或视频EEG检查,细致分析图像,并将所得检查结果与术后病理进行比较,利用统计学...     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像对胃癌的诊断价值及对临床决策的影响

目的:探讨18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像在胃癌治疗前诊断的价值以及显像结果对治疗决策的影响。方法:对临床怀疑为胃癌的81例患者在治疗前进行18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像,通过阅片和半定量分析图像,以手术或经胃镜活检病理及临床随访(>6个月)为确诊依据,评价PET/CT显像对胃癌的诊断价值及对临床治疗决策的影响。结果:81例患者中,胃癌51例,胃良性病变30例。18F-FDG PET/CT诊断胃癌的灵敏度、特异度和准确性分别为94.1%、83.3%和90.1%。对区域淋巴结转移的灵敏度和特异度分别为82.3%和82.4%。21例患者存在腹腔及其他部位转移,PET/CT显像的灵敏度为61.9%(13/21)。8例(15.7%,8/51)胃癌患者显像后更改了治疗方案。结论:18F-FDG PET/CT对胃癌治疗前的诊断具有重要的临床意义,对制定治疗方案有一定的指导价值。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在无症状健康人群中癌症筛查的临床价值

目的 探讨无症状健康人群用18F-FDG PET/CT显像进行癌症筛查的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析611例以癌症筛查为目的行全身18F-FDG PET/CT显像受检者的资料,定性和半定量分析PET及CT图像,并与随访结果进行比较.对有疑问者随访至少〉8年,恶性肿瘤均经手术病理结果证实.结果 611例受检者中PET/CT示FDG代谢异常增高者162例,高度怀疑恶性病灶14例,其中4例经手术病理证实为恶性肿瘤,分别为结肠恶性间质瘤、肺癌、甲状腺癌及乳腺癌,其余10例经手术病理检查和或临床随访确认为良性病变.另外假阴性1例,为肝细胞肝癌.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT显像具有发现各种不同早期癌症的优势,为治疗争取到宝贵时间.假阳性和假阴性是癌症筛查中不可忽视的问题,将PET/CT与增强CT、MRI、B超、肿瘤标志物等检查结合可以最大限度地减少假阳性和假阴性所导致的误诊和漏诊,但部分受检者仍需要通过病理学确诊.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在诊断恶性血液病中的应用

正电子发射型计算机断层显像(PET/CT)已成为血液系统恶性肿瘤诊断、分期、疗效监测的重要手段之一,特别是在淋巴瘤中的应用.本文主要介绍18F-FDG PET/CT显像在诊断淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤及白血病中的应用价值.     

~(18)F-FDG PET/CT在皮肤淋巴瘤中的初步应用

目的皮肤淋巴瘤是较常见的结外淋巴瘤,本文初步探讨PET/CT在皮肤淋巴瘤中的价值。方法回顾性分析我院近5年来的12例皮肤淋巴瘤患者PET/CT图像,根据治疗情况分为治疗组(A组)及未治疗组(B组),比较皮肤病变与PET/CT结果的关系。结果 A组中6例行PET/CT随访及再分期,其中2例PET/CT显像未见FDG高代谢病变;3例患者复发的皮肤病变具有不同程度的FDG摄取,1例患者肺部转移。B组中6例皮肤淋巴瘤PET均有阳性病变,但2例患者皮损或皮下结节无FDG摄取。综合分析10例PET/CT显像阳性者,8例患者有皮肤红斑和皮下结节,其中2例皮肤病变未见FDG摄取,2例仅部分皮肤病变摄取FDG。10例分期及再分期的淋巴瘤中,与常规方法比较PET/CT使2例(20%)分期上调。结论 FDGPET/CT对皮肤淋巴瘤的诊治有一定的临床价值。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在诊断恶性血液病中的应用

正电子发射型计算机断层显像(PET/CT)已成为血液系统恶性肿瘤诊断、分期、疗效监测的重要手段之一,特别是在淋巴瘤中的应用.本文主要介绍18F-FDG PET/CT显像在诊断淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤及白血病中的应用价值.     

正电子发射计算机断层显像在脑梗死治疗中的应用进展

脑梗死系由各种原因所致的局部脑组织血液供应障碍,导致脑组织缺血缺氧性病变坏死,进而产生临床上对应的神经功能缺失表现。本文对正电子发射计算机断层显像在脑梗死治疗中的应用进行总结。     

18FDG PET在宫颈癌远处淋巴结转移中的临床应用价值

目的:探讨18氟-脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描仪(18FDG PET)在宫颈癌远处淋巴结转移的临床应用价值.方法:1997年8月至2005年8月,对拥有完整CT和18FDG PET资料的23例宫颈癌远处淋巴结转移患者进行同顾性分析,并对两种检查方法的结果进行比较.结果:23例患者中,18FDG PET与CT比较,大体肿瘤体积大小无变化的占57%(13/23)、增加的占26%(6/23)、缩小的占17%(4/23).肿瘤数目无变化的占48%(11/23)、增加的占30%(7/23)、减少的占22%(5/23).18FDG PET随访复查与初次检查结果一致的达96%(22/23).结论:18FDG PET是宫颈癌远处淋巴结转移诊断及评价预后的重要工具.     

PET在神经外科的应用

复习有关正电子发射断层显像术(PET)文献资料,分析归纳PET对脑瘤、癫痫、帕金森氏病等的放射学特点和诊疗效果,提倡临床积极应用PET。     

SPECT/CT符合线路18F-FDG显像对肿瘤的定位诊断价值

目的：探讨SPECT/CT符合线路^18F—FDG显像对肿瘤的定位诊断价值。方法：106例恶性肿瘤患者行SPECT/CT符合线路^18F-FDG显像。患者禁食6h以上，静脉注射^18F-FDG 185～296MBq，60min后进行发射和X线CT透射扫描。图像经X线衰减校正和有序子集最大期望值法(COSEM)叠代重建后，得到横断面、冠状面、矢状面三维断层图像及CT与FDG SPECT的融合图像。结果：X线CT与FDG SPECT图像直观比较，X线CT能较清晰显示头颈部、胸腹部和盆腔解剖结构，FDG SPECT图像除显示肺部、心脏、肝脏较清晰外，其它解剖部位显示欠清晰。106例患者的356个病灶中，FDG SPECT 定位CT融合图像可全部检出，并能全部定位。如果不借助同机CT定位，单纯FDG SPECT图像仅有191个病灶(占53．65％)能准确定位，其它165个病灶(占46．35％)不能判断准确位置。腹腔、盆腔61个病灶中，除21个肝脏内病灶可确定部位外，其余40个病灶难以显示准确位置。8个食管病灶和2个口腔病灶均无法准确定位。结论：FDG SPECT／CT符合线路显像较单纯的FDG SPECT符合线路显像有明显优势，它在肿瘤定位、手术或放疗方案制定、评价预后等方面将发挥重要作用。     

(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Findings in Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma of the Larynx: a Case Report and Literature Review

Laryngeal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is rare, with only 25 cases reported in the literature. This report presents a case of laryngeal MALT lymphoma in a 35-year-old female with a 6-year history of progressively worsening hoarseness. MALT lymphoma was diagnosed based on biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis. The patient received two cycles of cyclophosphamide + epirubicin + vincristine + prednisone (CHOP) chemo therapy, which was ineffective. (18)F-fluoro deoxy glucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed (18)F-FDG accumulation in the larynx only and identified stage IE lymphoma. CHOP chemotherapy was terminated and the patient was treated with radiotherapy. After 3 months (total radiation dose 27 Gy), (18)F-FDG PET/CT scan showed that the laryngeal lesion was in complete remission. A review of the literature on the MEDLINE(?)/PubMed(?) databases regarding laryngeal MALT lymphoma and the use of PET/CT found that radiotherapy is the firstline treatment for stage I and II MALT lymphoma.     

正电子发射计算机断层技术在针刺临床中的应用进展

正电子发射计算机断层(PET)是当前核医学领域最先进的技术之一.本文综述了近几年PET技术在针刺临床治疗不同疾病中的应用进展.     

联合示踪剂正电子发射计算机断层显像用于肝脏占位术前诊断

  目的  观察两种正电子发射计算机断层显像(positron emission tomography, PET)示踪剂对肝脏占位的诊断价值。  方法  选取本院2004年10月至2010年8月经常规检查无法定性的肝脏占位患者40例, 所有患者均接受¹⁸F-去氧葡萄糖(¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose, ¹⁸F-FDG)-PET和¹¹C-乙酸盐(¹¹C-Acetate)-PET检查。  结果  40例肝脏占位患者经病理证实恶性病变33例, 癌前病变2例, 良性病变5例。双示踪剂PET检查诊断恶性病变34例, 敏感性为97.1%, 阳性预测值为91.9%;¹⁸F-FDG PET诊断恶性病变20例, 敏感性为57.1%;¹¹C-Acetate PET诊断恶性病变29例, 敏感性为82.9%。对于不典型增生、高分化及中高分化的肝脏恶性肿瘤, ¹¹C-Acetate的敏感性为100%, 显著高于¹⁸F-FDG的敏感性28.6%(P < 0.01);对于低分化、中低分化的肝脏恶性肿瘤, ¹⁸F-FDG的敏感性稍高, 但两者差异无统计学意义。  结论  两种PET示踪剂联合应用能提高肝脏占位的术前诊断率, 且有可能提示肿瘤的分化程度, 对于手术的选择有一定指导意义。     

Cost-Effectiveness of Positron Emission Tomography in Breast Cancer

PURPOSE: In this study, we used quantitative decision tree modeling to assess the cost-effectiveness of a positron emission tomography (PET)-based management scenario for breast cancer in Canada. PROCEDURES: Two patient management scenarios were compared (with and without PET). A metaanalysis of studies for the accuracy of PET in staging breast cancer was conducted. Life expectancies were calculated. Management costs were determined from previous cost-effective analyses, management costs from our institutions, and recently published Canadian cost estimates of various procedures. RESULTS: A cost savings of $695 per person is expected for the PET strategy, with an increase in life expectancy (7.4 days), when compared with the non-PET strategy. This cost savings remained in favor of the PET strategy when subjected to a sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a PET management strategy for the staging of breast cancer is expected to remain economically viable in Canada under various economic conditions.     

2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose-Positron Emission Tomography and Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Diagnosis of Patients with Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Objective 2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has an established role in restaging of various cancers, including papillary and undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma, but detection rates are variable in the published literature. We were therefore prompted to review our experience with FDG-PET in detection of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).Methods This is a retrospective study (April 1, 1995–March 31, 2005) of 21 patients with histologic diagnosis of PTC who had PET examinations. The group included seven men and 14 women, with age range of 26–75 years (average 50 ± 16). The PET scan request was triggered by rising levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) in the presence of a negative iodine-131 scan.Results Recurrent/metastatic disease was identified by PET in 16 (76%) of the 21 patients with PTC. The sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET for disease detection in this cohort were 88.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 65.7–96.7] and 75% (95% CI, 30.1–95.4), respectively. The Tg levels were 1.0–10.4 ng/ml (average, 4.52 ng/ml) in the patients with negative PET scans and 1.0–38 ng/ml (average, 16.8 ng/ml) in patients with positive scans. The lesions were located in the cervical lymph nodes (8), thyroid bed (4), lungs (4), and mediastinal lymph nodes (2).Conclusion Our study confirms the feasibility of PET in detection of residual/recurrence of PTC, with sensitivity of 88.2% (95% CI, 65.7–96.7) and specificity of 75% (95% CI, 30.1–95.4). Detectable levels of Tg, even in the presence of negative I-131 scan or anatomic imaging, should prompt restaging with FDG-PET.     

Attenuation-Corrected vs. Nonattenuation-Corrected 2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">d</Emphasis>-glucose-Positron Emission Tomography in Oncology,A Systematic Review

Purpose To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the diagnostic accuracy of attenuation-corrected (AC) vs. nonattenuation-corrected (NAC) 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-d-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in oncological patients. Procedures Following a comprehensive search of the literature, two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of eligible studies. The diagnostic value of AC was studied through its sensitivity/specificity compared to histology, and by comparing the relative lesion detection rate reported with NAC-PET vs. AC, for full-ring and dual-head coincidence PET (FR- and DH-PET, respectively). Results Twelve studies were included. For FR-PET, the pooled sensitivity/specificity on a patient basis was 64/97% for AC and 62/99% for NAC, respectively. Pooled lesion detection with NAC vs. AC was 98% [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 96–99%, n = 1,012 lesions] for FR-PET, and 88% (95% CI:81–94%, n = 288 lesions) for DH-PET. Conclusions Findings suggest similar sensitivity/specificity and lesion detection for NAC vs. AC FR-PET and significantly higher lesion detection for NAC vs. AC DH-PET.