用于分离三氯氢硅合成过程中主副产品的隔壁塔模拟

以三氯氢硅合成过程中得到的主副产品混合物二氯二氢硅-三氯氢硅-四氯化硅为分离物系,提出采用隔壁塔代替常规精馏序列分离的新工艺.利用Aspen Plus软件对隔壁塔进行模拟,考察回流比、隔板位置、进料位置、侧线采出位置、液相分配比以及气相分配比对塔顶、侧线以及塔釜产品摩尔分数的影响,得到隔壁塔的最佳工艺参数,并通过模拟比较隔壁塔与常规精馏序列分离此混合物的能耗情况.模拟结果表明:当回流比为6、隔板位置为主塔的第8块板和第24块板、进料位置为预分馏塔的第10块板、侧线采出位置为主塔的第15块板、液相分配比为0.21、气相分配比为0.5时,隔壁塔的分离效果最佳,主产品三氯氢硅的摩尔分数为99.999%;相比于常规精馏序列,隔壁塔再沸器节能29.09%以上,冷凝器节能29.48%以上.     

芳烃联合装置中分壁精馏塔技术模拟分析

天津石化公司1#芳烃联合装置已运行三十多年,存在工艺落后、能耗高的问题。鉴于分壁精馏技术具有投资少、能耗低的优点,本文对装置中可以采用分壁精馏技术的相关单元进行了分析,并采用ASPEN软件对芳烃联合装置中苯-甲苯分馏单元以及吸附抽出液分离单元中现有的两塔分离工艺与分壁精馏工艺进行了模拟计算,比较了两种分离工艺的能耗情况。结果表明:在产品质量相同的条件下,上述两个分离单元中,采用分壁精馏技术比现有的两塔分离工艺能耗分别降低21.64%和15.65%,具有明显的节能优势。     

DMC-甲醇-水三元混合物的萃取精馏分离工艺

运用Aspen Plus软件回归文献数据校正了碳酸二甲酯（DMC）-水（H₂O）混合物的UNIQUAC热力学模型参数,并以该模型为基础分析了水作为萃取剂萃取精馏分离DMC-甲醇（CH₃OH）-水三元混合物的分离原理,结合混合组分的三角相图和物料组成设计了反向萃取精馏工艺,发现选用水为萃取剂可以利用DMC-水的部分互溶特性,通过三塔精馏即可分离DMC-甲醇-水三元混合物,沸点较高的DMC和少量水由塔顶馏出,而沸点较低的甲醇和大部分水由塔底采出,避免了DMC-甲醇二元共沸物的形成。同时,在相同分离要求下设计了变压精馏工艺,通过对两个精馏工艺参数模拟优化,发现萃取精馏工艺的总冷凝负荷和总加热负荷分别为888.7kW和898.2kW,其总能耗较变压精馏工艺节约了47.2%,萃取精馏工艺的年总费用（TAC）比变压精馏工艺下降了48.8%。     

基于DWC的氯硅烷精馏计算初探

采用Petlyuk模块对SiH_2Cl_2、SiHCl_3和SiCl_4的三元氯硅烷组份采用隔壁塔精馏进行了计算,得到了DWC塔的气液相负荷和组份浓度分布。并分析了回流比、进料位置、副塔采出位置、隔板位置以及Connect streams流量等因素对产品纯度的影响。结果和方法可为DWC精馏三元氯硅烷的工艺设计提供参考。     

隔壁塔分离乙醇-正丙醇-正丁醇体系

以乙醇-正丙醇-正丁醇为分离体系,研究回流比、气液分配比等操作参数对隔壁塔分离效果的影响。将常规双塔精馏序列转化为隔壁精馏序列并保证各操作参数的最优值,利用Aspen Plus模拟软件对乙醇-正丙醇-正丁醇三组元的常规精馏序列和隔壁塔精馏序列进行模拟分析,探究隔壁精馏工艺最佳操作区域及节能效果,模拟结果表明,在满足分离要求下,气液分配比存在一个相互关联关系,使隔壁塔精馏序列存在一个再沸器热负荷最小的最佳操作区域。与常规精馏序列相比,完成相同的分离任务,隔壁塔精馏序列再沸器节能6 954.368 k W,冷凝器热负荷减少2 934.291 k W。结果表明,隔壁塔精馏序列不但提高了热力学效率、降低了能耗,并且大幅降低设备投资。     

隔板塔精馏分离丙酮-乙酸乙酯-水-杂质体系的研究

提出一种隔板塔精馏处理丙酮-乙酸乙酯-水-色素杂质混合物的新工艺。采用aspen plus软件对隔板塔精馏工艺进行模拟,考察回流比和液相分配比对隔板塔分离效果的影响,探讨液相分配比对隔板两侧液相浓度分布的影响规律。结果表明,当回流比为4,气相分配比为0.5时,液相分配比在0.05~0.1范围内,隔板塔的分离效果较好;液相分配比减小,预分馏段液相中乙酯浓度增大,侧线采出段上部的乙酯浓度减小,侧线采出段下部的乙酯浓度增大,预分馏段内乙酯的分割比增大;与原四塔精馏工艺相比,完成相同的分离任务,隔板塔精馏工艺再沸器可节能28.09%,冷凝器可节能27.01%,且节省了设备投资。     

四氢呋喃-乙醇变压精馏分离

共沸混合物分离是化工过程中常见的分离难题。变压精馏是根据物系压力改变而使液体混合物共沸点组成发生变化,进而使共沸物系得以分离的一种有效分离方法。在热力学分析基础上,提出了四氢呋喃-乙醇液体混合物变压精馏分离双塔工艺流程。以NRTL-RK为物性计算方法,利用Aspen Plus模拟软件对变压精馏分离工艺过程进行分析及模拟,并对工艺参数进行优化。研究结果表明:在常压塔和0.8 MPa高压塔组成的双塔流程中变压精馏可将四氢呋喃-乙醇最低共沸混合物进行较好的分离。     

Aspen Plus在模拟分离四氢呋喃-水共沸精馏中的应用

采用常压-加压双塔精馏工艺对四氢呋喃-水混合物进行分离。运用Aspen Plus软件,选用NRTL-RK模型为物性计算方法,在保证四氢呋喃分离纯度不低于99.7%(w)的前提下,以再沸器热负荷为指标,对精馏系统的理论塔板数、回流比、进料位置和馏出比进行了模拟计算与优化。最佳工艺条件为:常压塔理论塔板数为12,回流比为1.767,进料位置为9,馏出比为0.695 0;高压塔理论塔板数为19,回流比为1.6,进料位置为13,馏出比为0.553 1。     

常规变压精馏和变压热集成精馏分离乙腈和水的模拟

利用Aspen Plus软件对乙腈和水的分离分别采用常规变压精馏工艺和变压热集成精馏工艺进行模拟,选用UNIQUE物性方法进行计算,以能耗最低为目标函数,满足乙腈和水的质量分数都不低于99%,对常规变压精馏和变压热集成精馏进行了分析,从而确定最佳工艺。对于常规变压精馏工艺,高压塔理论板数为14,进料板位置9,回流比1. 1;常压塔理论板数为12,进料板位置8,回流比1. 6。对于变压热集成精馏工艺,高压塔进料板位置为7,回流比为1. 17;常压塔进料板位置为8,回流比为1. 6。与常规变压精馏相比,变压热集成精馏再沸器能耗降低49. 75%,冷凝器能耗降低51. 53%,且无需增加再沸器和冷凝器。     

具有最低共沸点难分离物系变压精馏分离

变压精馏是根据物系压力改变引起液体混合物共沸点组成变化,进而使共沸物系得以分离的一种有效分离方法。具有最低共沸点的液体混合物分离是化工过程中常见的分离难题。本文在热力学分析基础上研究了四氢呋喃与乙醇、环己烷与苯混合物这类典型的最低共沸液体混合物的变压精馏可行性,提出变压精馏分离四氢呋喃-乙醇液体混合物工艺流程,以NRTL-RK为物性计算方法,利用Aspen Plus模拟软件对变压精馏分离工艺过程进行分析及模拟,并对工艺参数进行优化。结果表明:在常压塔和8atm高压塔组成的双塔流程中变压精馏能将四氢呋喃-乙醇最低共沸混合物进行较好的分离,指出本文提出的研究方法可为具有最低共沸点液体混合物分离工艺的建立提供更加有效的指导。     

Design and control of energy-efficient distillation columns

Distillation is the best option for the separation of hydrocarbon mixtures, unless the boiling points of the constituents are close together. Despite being widely utilized in field applications, the high energy demand of distillation calls for efficient columns in order to save energy. The efficient divided wall column (DWC), diabatic distillation column, and internally heat-integrated distillation column (HIDiC) are introduced here, and the design and control of the columns are briefly reviewed. The practical applications of the columns in the processes of natural gas production from raw gas drawn from underground and benzene separation from naphtha reformate are presented to show the energy-saving performance of the energy-efficient distillation columns. The side-rectifier DWC reduced the heating duty of the conventional system by 5.9%, and provided a compact construction, replacing the three-column conventional system with a single column suitable for offshore application. Moreover, the controllability of DWC was improved by utilizing the side-rectifier. The benzene removal process utilizing the extended DWC lowered the heating duty of the whole conventional process by 56.8%.     

隔壁塔流程模拟及节能效益的研究

隔壁塔技术是一种效果优良的过程强化与精馏节能技术。具有特殊结构的隔壁塔相比常规精馏塔具有较高的热力学效率。对于相同的分离任务,隔壁塔所需的能耗较低,同时隔壁塔技术的应用也降低了设备数量和投资。文中通过对隔壁塔内部结构的讨论和热力学有效能转化的分析,阐释了隔壁塔的节能原理;并以粗苯精制流程中甲苯-二甲苯-重苯的分离为例,在三组元精馏流程的分析之上设计了2套精馏流程方案,对其进行了严格计算和优化,相比于传统的顺序分离双塔流程,隔壁塔可节省能耗41.5%,同时减少了设备的数目和投资。     

分壁式精馏塔精制丁二烯流程模拟

丁二烯是一种重要的石油化工烯烃原料,由于其生产过程能耗高,因此节能降耗成为丁二烯生产工艺的研究热点。利用Aspen Plus模拟软件对丁二烯精制工艺的两套流程进行了模拟研究,考察了分壁式精馏塔(DWC)中内部互连物流连接位置、预分离塔气液相流量和回流比对分离效果和热负荷的影响,对比了相同分离条件下DWC分离流程和传统顺序分离流程的能耗,并根据两套分离流程中塔内液相丁二烯浓度分布情况,分析DWC的节能原因。结果表明,当主塔理论板数105,预分离塔理论板数56,进入预分离塔气相流量1020kmol/h,液相流量890kmol/h,回流比7800时,DWC分离效果最好,丁二烯质量分数可达99.7%,这为DWC精制丁二烯工艺的工业化提供了理论依据。由于DWC有效减少了精馏过程中的返混效应,提高了能量利用率,使其冷凝器可节能29.36%,再沸器可节能29.19%,存在明显的节能优势。     

隔板塔共沸精馏分离二氯甲烷-乙腈-水-硅醚体系

以二氯甲烷-乙腈-水-硅醚为分离体系,采用自制隔板塔小试装置,研究了共沸剂回流比和液相分配比等操作参数对隔板塔分离效果的影响。实验结果表明,当气相分配比R_v为0.5,共沸剂回流比为3时,液相分配比R_l在[0.12,0.2]范围内,隔板塔分离效果较好。在实验的基础上,采用Aspen Plus软件对隔板塔共沸精馏工艺进行模拟,考察了隔板塔共沸精馏工艺最佳操作区域及节能效果。模拟结果表明,特定分离要求下,隔板塔存在一个使再沸器热负荷最小的最佳操作区域,在此最佳操作区域内,R_l和R_v相互关联,呈一一对应关系;与三塔串联简单精馏工艺相比,完成相同的分离任务,隔板塔共沸精馏工艺再沸器节能32.74%,冷凝器热负荷减少33.70%,乙腈回收率由66.47%提高到96.01%,且大幅降低设备投资。     

Revamping Dimethyl Ether Separation to a Single‐Step Process

Process intensification techniques were recently proposed to improve the eco‐efficiency of the conventional dimethyl ether (DME) purification and methanol recovery distillation sequence, but they all require new specific equipment and hence rather high investment costs leading to several years of payback time. However, the alternative of reusing the existing equipment to revamp the two distillation columns of the downstream processing section into a single‐step separation was so far overlooked in the open literature. To solve the problem of costly DME separation, a novel single‐step DME separation taking place in a dividing‐wall column (DWC) is proposed that effectively integrates in one shell the tasks of DME purification and methanol recovery. The new process is optimized in terms of minimal energy requirements, taking into account the restrictions caused by reusing one distillation column like, such as limited diameter or reboiler/condenser heat duty. The results demonstrate that the DWC alternative is feasible and has better performances as compared to the classic sequence, i.e., 28 % lower operating costs and 20 % less capital investment.     

Application of the dividing wall column to olefin separation in fluidization methanol to propylene (FMTP) process

Dividing wall column (DWC) is shown to be energy efficient compared to conventional column sequence for multi components separation, which is used for olefin separation in fluidization methanol to propylene process in the present work. Detailed design for pilot DWC was performed and five control structures, i.e. composition control (CC), temperature control (TC), composition-temperature control (CC-TC), temperature difference control (TDC), double temperature difference control (DTDC) were proposed to circumvent feed disturbance. Sensitivity analysis and singular value decomposition (SVD) were used as criterion to select the controlled temperature locations in TC, CC-TC, TDC and DTDC control loops. The steady simulation result demonstrates that 25.7％and 30.2％duty can be saved for condenser and reboiler by substituting conventional column sequence with DWC, respectively. As for control structure selection, TC and TDC perform better than other three control schemes with smal er maximum deviation and shorter settling time.     

进料组成改变对隔板塔经济性影响的模拟

完全热耦合精馏相比传统精馏可以减少设备投资和操作费用,可代替传统精馏分离多组分混合物。对隔板塔（完全热耦合精馏塔）用于分离三组分混合物时的可操作性和经济性进行了研究。采用严格模拟方法,针对4种不同的进料组成设计了4种不同的隔板塔,并得出各个隔板塔气相和液相分割比对隔板塔年度总费用（TAC）的关系曲线,研究了当进料组成改变时4种隔板塔的经济性。     

Design and optimization of a dividing wall column for debottlenecking of the acetic acid purification process

The dividing wall column (DWC) has gained increasing application in a variety of chemical processes because of its potentiality in energy and capital cost savings in multicomponent separations. The main objective in this work is investigation of its use for removing the bottleneck phenomenon within the column when increasing the throughput of an existing distillation process, particularly, the acetic acid (AA) purification process. Optimal column sequence design, involving both conventional and DWC, is considered. The internal recycle flow distribution around the dividing wall was investigated as a primary optimizing variable. Several column arrangements were analyzed to show that the DWC requires less investment and energy costs than conventional distillation, the Petlyuk column, or the prefractionator arrangement.     

Optimal retrofit of a side stream column to a dividing wall column for energy efficiency maximization

A side distillation column is widely used to separate multicomponent mixtures into three products. However, this kind of column consumes considerable amounts of energy due to thermodynamic restrictions and the nature of the distillation process. Retrofit of the side distillation column to a dividing wall column (DWC) can result in significant energy savings. This study evaluated a systematic method for optimal retrofit of a side stream column to a DWC. The minimum energy requirement for the separation of a multicomponent mixture was used for a feasibility study. Subsequently, design and optimization was performed using shortcut, rigorous and response surface methodology. One case study was illustrated to demonstrate the proposed methodology. The results showed that the optimal retrofit of a side distillation column to the DWC could not only save a significant amount of energy, but also increase the capacity. This study highlights the potential for retrofitting a side stream column to a DWC from a techno economic point of view.     

隔板精馏塔分离氯化亚砜的模拟研究

隔板精馏技术是一种节能、高效的新型分离工艺。以氯化亚砜产品的精馏过程为实例,应用PRO/II软件对两塔工艺进行模拟计算,模拟结果与工业生产实际数据对比吻合良好,可以得到高纯度产品。进一步模拟计算隔板精馏塔工艺,讨论了汽液相分配比、回流量和侧线采出位置对产品纯度及能耗的影响,确定最适宜操作条件为液相分配比1.4、汽相分配比2、回流量17 000 kg/h、侧线于采出段34块板采出。在最适宜操作条件下与常规精馏塔间接、直接精馏序列相比,分别可节能25.8%和17.9%。