红花的花蕾培养和殖株再生

植物名称:菊科红花(Carthamus tinctorius)。材料类别:幼嫩花瓣。取刚刚鼓起的红花花蕾,剥去外层苞叶,用蒸馏水洗两次,然后浸入70％酒精中表面消毒40秒钟,再用0.1％升汞液消毒10分种,无菌水冲洗3次,用滤纸吸干,在无菌条件下取出幼嫩花瓣为外植体。培养条件:(1)L/2 MS大量元素+微量元素+维生素。除维生素B_1 0.1mg/L外,其他成分和用     

红花种质资源的研究——Ⅲ.国内外一些红花的株高及影响株高因素的初步分析

由于世界各红花产区的生态环境各不相同,红花备品种间不但在含油量、油的脂肪酸组成上有着各自不同的特点,而且在植株的高度上也有很大的差异。美国科学家Knowles的研究表明:红花株高的范围从51—170厘米,来自土耳其至阿富汗的红花植株最高,来自印度的最低。Bahman研究了伊朗及美国1600多个红花品种和品系的农学特     

红花和红花国际会议

红花(Carthamus tinctorius)是菊科草本植物,在我国有着2,100多年的栽培历史,是一种重要的中药材,主要用于治疗跌打损伤,近期则用以治疗心脑血管病.但在国外红花却是一种新的油料作物.由于红花具有含油率高、油质好、用途广以及适应性强、耐寒、抗旱、耐盐碱、栽培管理简单、适于机械化耕作等优点,因而受到各国的重视.联合国粮农组织自1973年起就将红花作为一种油料作物列入《生产年鉴》的统计项目之内.1981年在美国加利福尼亚州召开了第一届国际红花会议,1989年在印度海得拉巴召开第二届国际红花会议,可见红花已受到广泛的重视.     

红花荷

<正>红花荷(Rhodoleia championii Hook.f.)为金缕梅科(Hamamelidaceae)红花荷属植物。常绿乔木,高达12 m。嫩枝颇粗壮,无毛,干后皱缩,暗褐色。叶厚革质,卵形,长7～13 cm,宽4.5～6.5 cm,先端钝或略尖,基部阔楔形,有3出脉,上面深绿色,下面灰白色,干后有多数小瘤状凸起;侧脉两面均明显。头状花序长3～4 cm,常弯垂;花序柄长2～3 cm,有鳞状小苞片5～6片;     

金红花

金红花（Chrysothemispulchella）为苦苦苦科多年生常绿草本。茎直立,成年植株有地下块茎;茎叶稍多汁;盆栽时高可达35厘米,有分枝;叶片较大,长约15厘米,边缘有圆锯齿,对生,密生粗糙的毛,多皱折,红绿色,有光泽。花序腋生,花较小有刚毛,花冠街长约1厘米,金黄色,里面有红色的条纹或斑点;火红色的花萼成丛的生在花序上,在开花前后从春到夏,很长时期均能保持艳丽的色彩。开花前和花凋萎以后,花序仍然保持美丽的状态。在开花时,金黄色的花和火红色的花喜成鲜明的对照,非常好看。另外,该植物较耐阴,株形也好,还是优良的…     

红花蚜虫的研究

为害红花的蚜虫是蚜科长管蚜属的昆虫,其学名为Macrosiphum gobonis Matsumura. 在黑龙江省每年六月中旬,日平均温19℃时,是迁到红花始期,至七月下旬到八月上旬,日平均温22-26℃时,达到最大数量,九月上、中旬,日平均温在15℃时,离开红花,去浅土层内和牛蒡等菊科植物的叶背越冬。此蚜虫数量消长与温度、湿度、降雨量、播种期、品种、天敌、间作物、栽培地块等的影响均有密切关系。在防治方法方面,除使用药剂防治外,还可通过适期早播、选用抗虫品种及小面积上的红花与邓铃薯间作等途径。     

红花龙胆的药学研究进展

红花龙胆(Gentiana rhodantha Franch.)为2015版《中国药典》的新增中药品种,全草入药,常用于治疗胆囊炎和肺结核等症。红花龙胆主要分布于我国西南地区,长期作为地方用药及民族药。研究表明红花龙胆中主要含口山酮类化合物。经过系统的文献研究,本文将从本草考证、化学成分、药理活性、质量评价以及常见易混伪品种等方面对红花龙胆的研究现状进行整理,为进一步开发利用提供依据。     

红花单细胞克隆的建立

KT,2,4-D 及 NAA 能提高红花(Cathamus tinctorius)细胞克隆平板培养的植板率。这三种激素对细胞生长的最佳搭配是2,4-D2.0mg/l,KT0.3mg/l,NAA 0.5mg/1。红花细胞悬浮继代培养代数不同,其植板率相差甚远,用悬浮培养第三代的细胞做材料最好,其植板率是第一代悬浮培养细胞做材料的8.5倍。红花细胞克隆的条件培养的植板率是普通平板培养的3.6倍。固-液双层培养的植板率是普通平板培养的4.7倍。对已建立的红花细胞克隆进行生长速率的比较表明,生长最漫的克隆的生长速率为3.08g/g/35天,生长最决的克隆的生长速率高达23.33g/g/35天。     

Safflower

A potential oilseed crop in the western States.     

红花的资源及药用价值

红花是一种传统的药用植物,也是一种新型的油用和工业资源植物.本文综述了红花的资源及分布、红花的药理作用及临床应用和红花的开发利用.表明红花是一种重要的经济植物,具有较大的开发应用潜力.     

红花不定芽的诱导研究

目的:对新疆主栽红花品种新红花4号进行组织培养,研究了外植体、植物激素、光照强度及苗龄等因素对红花不定芽诱导的影响。结果:不同的外植体分化能力及对激素要求差异较大。胚根不定芽诱导率高于子叶,胚轴未见不定芽分化,胚根在MS 6-BA 2.0mg·L-1的培养基中不定芽诱导率最高,子叶在MS 6-BA 1.5mg·L-1 NAA 0.5mg·L-1激素组合中不定芽诱导率较好。7日龄胚根诱导不定芽优于3日龄和10日龄不定芽诱导效果,弱光条件对不定芽的诱导略优于强光。结论:优化了新红花4号不定芽培养条件,为其良种快速繁殖、遗传转化等奠定了基础。     

Safflower — production,processing and utilization

Safflower, grown formerly for the red dye from its flowers, is now a source of oil and livestock feed. In California an average of 30,000 acres have been grown each year since 1950. It has been both a dryland and irrigated crop. The oil has had a ready market for the manufacture of alkyd resins and drying oils.     

红花microRNAs靶基因的生物信息学预测

miRNA是一类动、植物细胞中负责转录后调控的非编码RNA,植物的miRNA通常来源于具有茎环结构的单链RNA前体上,加工成熟后同ARGONAUTE转变成蛋白复合体结构,通过结合并沉默蛋白合成模板的方式关闭完整的基因表达网络。由于miRNA存在组织表达的特异性,且miRNA在植物中的表达高度保守。通过高通量测序获得的红花(Carthamus tinctorious L.)miRNA序列信息与红花转录EST数据库比对,通过靶基因预测筛选,对属于104个家族的173个红花miRNA进行预测,其中得到109个miRNAs对应调控的385个红花靶基因。并且通过Nr基因注释表明多数红花miRNA的靶基因编码包括调控细胞生长发育、信号转导及新陈代谢等相关的功能蛋白。     

Safflower susceptibility and response to feeding by grasshoppers

Feeding by three grasshopper species, Camnula pellucida, Melanoplus packardii and Melanoplus sanguinipes, on three safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) lines for a 6-wk period from anthesis was monitored under field conditions. Ratings of feeding damage to different plant parts (leaves, floral parts, capitula, and peduncles) and measurements after termination of feeding (dry weight, seed yield, seed weight, seeds per capitulum, and capitula per row) were compared among grasshopper species and safflower lines. The Melanoplus species fed preferentially on leaves, floral parts, and capitula, while C. pellucida exhibited only peduncle feeding, which resulted in head clipping. Defoliation of 20 to 30% was associated with significant increases in total dry matter, seed yield, and number of capitula. Further defoliation resulted in decreases. The safflower lines differed in response to grasshopper feeding. S-208 was most susceptible to defoliation by grasshopper feeding, exhibiting decreased dry weight, seed yield, and capitula number. Lesaf 34C-00 was most tolerant and only M. packardii caused significant dry weight and seed yield reductions. Feeding by C. pellucida on this line resulted in an overall seed yield increase. Feeding by M. sanguinipes on Seedtec-5 resulted in yield increases of up to 16%. It appears that certain grasshopper species can increase seed yield in some safflower lines by stimulating the production of additional capitula. Therefore, moderate populations of such grasshoppers in fields of appropriate safflower cultivars do not necessarily require control.     

红花花青素合成酶基因的克隆及表达分析

根据红花转录物测序结果中得到的中间序列,采用R11-PCR和RACE方法从红花花瓣中克隆到1个4嬲基因的全长cDNA,该基因全长序列1226bp,具有完整的开放阅读框（ORF）,共1050bp,编码349个氨基酸。生物信息学软件分析显示,该基因编码的蛋白理论分子量约为82．27kDa,等电点为5．09,序列里含有典型的加尾信号序列AATAA和Poly（A）。保守结构域预测表明,该基因编码的蛋白具有典型的ANS蛋白功能结构域,其保守结构域中含有铁离子及2．0-酮戊二酸结合位点。结合其他物种的臌因构建系统树表日月,红花ANS蛋基因与其他物种氨基酸具有一定的同源性,其中与芍药的亲缘关系最近。应用实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,ANS基因在红花的初花期和盛花期的表达量最高。     

Formation of Oleosomes in Maturing Safflower Seeds

The accumulation of oil in maturing safflower seeds was studied with an electron microscope. It was suggested that net-like clusters of proteinaceous particles in the cytoplasm are the site of triacylglycerol synthesis. No evidence was obtained to support the hypothesis that oleosomes originate in the. endoplasmic reticulum. A hypothesis has been proposed that triacylglycerols are initially synthesized by the net-like clusters in the cytoplasm to form a protein-oil complex, and the triacylglycerols are concentrated in the center of the cluster as their formation proceeds.     

Acyl-CoA Synthetase in Maturing Safflower Seeds

Acyl-CoA synthetase in maturing seeds of safflower (Carthamustinctorius) was membranebound, and the highest specific activitywas associated with microsomes. Activity absolutely dependedon the concentrations of fatty acid, CoA, ATP and Mg²⁺. Theapparent K_m values were 4.2 µM for oleate, 24 µMfor CoA, and 250 µM for ATP. The optimum pH of the reactionwas 7.5. Triacsin C, a potent inhibitor of the animal and bacterialacyl-CoA synthetase, was ineffective for the safflower enzyme.The enzyme utilized C₁₆ and C₁₈ long-chain fatty acids preferentially,while medium-chain and very-long-chain fatty acids were poorsubstrates. The order of specificity for native fatty acidswas linoleate > oleate=palmitate > stearate. Althoughactivity per seed varied during seed maturation, it was enoughto account for the rate of triacylglycerol synthesis in vivo. (Received February 2, 1993; Accepted March 3, 1993)