基于形状文法的羌绣纹样再生设计应用研究

目的 为保护羌族文化的传承和发展,提高羌族文化产业经济价值,提出一种基于形状文法的羌绣纹样创新方案。该纹样方案既包含羌绣传统民族特征;又与时俱进,符合当代审美。创新纹样与设计产品有机融合形成具有羌族特征的文创产品,传播羌族民族文化,建立民族自信。方法 首先,将收集的羌绣纹样资料进行提取、筛选、组合;然后,提取核心纹理,运用形状文法设计基本图形元素;最后,运用形状文法对基本图形元素进行演变,设计出新的纹理方案。结论 基于传统羌绣纹理,运用形状文法产出纹理创新方案。以不同形式的设计产品为应用载体,使纹样创新方案和其有机融合,形成具有文化内涵的文创产品,由此增加传播羌族文化的媒介和途径,提升文创产品的文化价值和经济价值。     

文化传播视域下传统民俗在文创中的设计研究

目的 缩小传统民俗文创传播过程中产生的文化折扣,创新文创产品的设计思路,结合信息反馈系统,形成文化信息循环传播模式,分析循环传播过程中编码信息与解码信息之间差异性的原因,并根据设计原则完善文创产品,从而在下一阶段的循环传播过程中提升民俗文化传播的有效性、加深受众对民俗文化的理解。方法 对传统民俗文创中的文化理解程度和信息反馈情况进行用户问卷调研、用户访谈和文献资料研究。结论 结合文化符号学理论,拓宽设计思维,提出文化循环传播模型和文创设计思路模型,解决民俗文化在编码和解码过程中造成的文化折扣。采用二十四节气的农耕民俗文化对文创产品设计思路进行设计实践,设计出文化折扣相对较小、确保文化有效传播的文创产品。     

基于普米族的IP人物形象产品设计研究

本文聚焦普米族的民族文化中服饰纹样的研究,并依托IP人物设计开发普米族系列文创产品。厘清普米族民族服饰纹样的形成及发展过程,研究其在民族杂居大环境下保留的传统服饰纹样的独特性,以及在发展过程中受到其他少数民族如白族、纳西族、藏族等的影响。通过对普米族服饰中头服、上衣、下裳和装饰的相关资料进行详细整理研究,从款式类型、色彩搭配和装饰技艺等几个方面分析其艺术特点,结合IP人物形象设计的审美价值、创新形式、工艺技术以及传统与现代并存的理念,解构后再创作实践,设计出基于普米族少数民族文化的符号化、大众化的文创产品。同时,民族服饰能够体现其民族文化、民族独特风貌和其发展轨迹,将普米族传统文化与现代流行设计元素相结合,赋予现代设计产品浓厚且扎实的民族文化属性、艺术属性,使产品更具竞争力。优化文创设计产品,使民族文化传播途径更加多元化,引导市场消费者主动了解中国民族传统文化。     

基于F-AHP与熵权法的中国春节文化设计因子提取与应用

目的 提取中国春节典型活动文化设计因子,探索现代场景下春节文化产品新形式,丰富产品设计方法。方法 首先收集关于春节描述性词汇并通过适合度缩小范围;接着梳理出春节文化典型活动样本要素并进行分析与提取,研究用户对春节文化的情感体验;然后通过F-AHP确定评价指标权重;最后搭建决策矩阵,通过熵权法提取出关键文化设计因子后进行再设计,测试此方法的可行性。结论 通过模糊层次分析法和熵权法研究目标用户表层的行为方式和深层的情感需求,再与现代科技相结合得到春节文化产品的设计要点,输出一款可以满足用户在现代生活方式下对春节情感需求的文创产品。可为中国传统春节文化的传承与创新提供相关的设计参考,在弘扬我国优秀传统文化的同时推动国内文创产业的发展,具有思考文化传承创新、推动文化产业发展的双重意义。     

基于立春节气的文创产品设计方法

目的提取立春节气文化中蕴含的特色设计因子,丰富节气文创产品种类,满足用户多样化需求,保持和发展文化特色。方法采用文献阅读和综述等方法收集立春节气资料,通过问卷调研的形式发现有效信息;创建基于立春节气设计因子的提取模型,使用思维导图筛选显著特征;针对立春节气文创产品设计,从隐性因子和显性因子出发,对立春节气的设计因子进行可视化处理;将生成的立春节气纹样根据形状文法的不同推演规则,推演出更多立春节气新纹样和新图形。结论立春节气丝巾的纹饰创新设计验证了该提取模型的可行性和合理性,拓宽了文创产品的设计思路,提高了设计对象的文化内涵,促进了传统文化的传承和发展。     

传统节俗文化符号构建与传播策略研究

目的 了解传统节俗文化的特征，针对传统节俗文创产品的同质化、形式单一、用户使用过程中产生的文化折扣等现象，以传承和创新为重点探究传统节俗文创产品设计新形式。方法 以符号学为理论基础，从索绪尔符号学理论出发，探究传统节俗文化符号在能指与所指2方面提取出文化因子，进行设计编码，使之融入现代社会生活环境下的文创产品设计中。结论 总结出基于符号学理论的文创产品设计方法，拓宽设计思维，提出文创产品设计思路。并以中秋节的典故文化作为文创产品案例进行设计实践，验证设计思路的可行性，为传统节俗类文创产品的设计提供参考和借鉴。     

基于花丝镶嵌文化因子数据库的文创产品设计研究

针对目前文创产品形式内容单一、中国传统非遗文化与文创产品结合生硬等问题，找到一种将非遗文化花丝镶嵌更好地应用于文创产品的创新设计模式。对花丝镶嵌文化因子进行调查与分析，运用DS-SG-KE法从显性特征和隐性特征两个角度对花丝镶嵌造型、纹样、色彩三大文化因子进行提取与重构，并以构建花丝镶嵌文化因子数据库的形式进行资源整合。通过设计实践，以挂件作为设计载体，基于花丝镶嵌文化因子数据库对文创产品进行创意设计。验证了花丝镶嵌文创产品创新设计模式的可行性，为传统非遗文化与文创产品结合提供了新的设计模式与思路。     

基于场景理论的平阳木版年画数字文创设计

目的 从场景理论出发,探索国家非物质文化遗产山西平阳木版年画数字文创设计新思路,旨在提升其知名度与影响力,从而传承与转化优秀传统文化.方法 通过场景分析法,从满足用户需求和关联传统节日活动场景出发,提炼平阳木版年画的表现素材和审美特征,建构基于场景理论的平阳木版年画数字文创设计场景模型,提出平阳木版年画数字文创设计策略.借助平阳木版年画表现题材与场景技术,将搭建用户关系场景、激发传统节日场景联想、提升用户体验场景、年画故事场景与传播相结合,衍生出兼具吉祥寓意与时尚新颖度的现代数字文创产品.结论 通过引入场景理论新视角,在发展黏性用户、产品设计、精准销售、文化传播中尝试开拓平阳木版年画传承与创新的新思路.     

基于地域文化元素的文创产品设计——以盐城为例

将收集的盐城地域文化元素相关资料进行分类、汇总,基于文创产品的设计原则,利用图谱分析法将收集的资料按照规则构建分析图谱,对相应图谱进行合理的用户感知定性分析和层次分析法的定量分析,通过以上研究方法提取盐城地域文化中的形态、色彩和文化内涵因子,并结合湿地文化特色设计因子的提取与设计应用过程,最终以用户感知评价,验证设计因子运用的合理性。通过盐城地域元素与文创产品的融合,将有效提升设计对象的内涵,并促进地域特色文创产品的创新。     

越剧《柳毅传书》文创产品的通感设计路径与应用

目的 研究越剧《柳毅传书》文创产品的通感设计路径与应用,旨在塑造新颖的文创产品,实现越剧文脉的现代传承.方法 通过对越剧《柳毅传书》中经典唱段进行提取,基于格式塔理论从基础层与体验层两个层面对其三段经典唱段进行分析,运用通感的方法总结其唱段规律并设计唱段的视觉图形,提炼归纳出《柳毅传书》听觉符号的素材与知识,并从素材中选取合适的符号结合现代技术,设计出与越剧相关的音乐相册与动态壁纸.结论 越剧文创产品的设计应注重对戏曲文化本体元素的创新运用,通过对《柳毅传书》听觉符号的梳理与应用,为设计师开发具有越剧特色的文创产品提供了一定的参考,推进越剧文化在现代设计应用中的发展,提升产品的文化价值,促进越剧文化的继承与传播.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

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