地氟醚与七氟醚麻醉对老年病人术后认知功能的影响

目的 探讨地氟醚及七氟醚复合麻醉对老年病人术后认知功能恢复的影响。方法 70例择期行全膝或全髋关节置换术的病人,年龄均在65岁以上。静注芬太尼、异丙酚、琥珀胆碱快速诱导插管后随机分为地氟醚和异氟醚组。麻醉诱导前及手术后1、3、6及24h应用Mini-Mental State（MMS）测试方法评定其认知功能。结果 与术前相比,两组病人术后1h MMS值均明显降低。地氟醚组由29.5±0.5降至27.8±1.7;七氟醚组由29.2±1.0降至27.4±1.7。其中85％以上病人术后3h MMS恢复至术前水平。两组病人术前及术后1、3、6及24h MMS比较均无显著差异。结论 老年病人应用地氟醚或七氟醚麻醉,其术后认知功能恢复相似,仅有一过性认知障碍。     

七氟醚或丙泊酚维持麻醉对妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后疼痛的影响

目的通过观察不同麻醉维持方式下妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后疼痛的情况,比较七氟醚或丙泊酚维持麻醉对患者术后疼痛的影响。方法选择择期行妇科腹腔镜手术女性患者60例,年龄18~65岁,BMI 18~30 kg/m^2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法随机分为七氟醚组(S组)和丙泊酚组(P组),每组30例。两组以相同方案麻醉诱导后,S组吸入1.5%~4%七氟醚维持麻醉,P组靶控输注丙泊酚,血浆靶浓度3~6μg/ml。术中维持BIS 40~60。记录术后30 min、1、3、6、24和48 h时患者活动时VAS评分;记录术前1 d、术后3、24和48 h机械性痛阈值;记录术后24 h PCIA按压次数、芬太尼消耗量;记录追加哌替啶的例数和恶心呕吐、寒颤、瘙痒、躁动等不良反应发生情况。结果与术后30 min比较,术后3、6 h两组活动时VAS评分明显升高(P<0.05),术后48 h明显降低(P<0.05)。术后30 min、1和3 h P组活动时VAS评分明显低于S组(P<0.05)。与术前1 d比较,术后3、24和48 h S组机械性痛阈明显降低(P<0.05),术后3 h P组机械性痛阈明显降低(P<0.05)。术后3 h P组机械性痛阈值明显高于S组(P<0.05)。两组PCIA按压次数、芬太尼消耗量、追加哌替啶情况和不良反应发生情况等差异无统计学意义。结论与七氟醚吸入维持麻醉比较,妇科腹腔镜手术中使用丙泊酚静脉维持麻醉可以提高患者术后的机械性痛阈,减轻患者在术后3 h内的疼痛。     

七氟醚对老年冠心病患者胃癌根治术的心肌保护作用

目的比较老年冠心病患者胃癌根治术中七氟醚和丙泊酚麻醉的心肌保护作用。方法择期行胃癌根治手术患者40例,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,年龄65～85岁,随机均分为丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼组(P组)和七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼组(S组)。记录术中血管活性药物使用情况。分别于术前、术后即刻、术后6、12、24h抽取中心静脉血测定血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)浓度。结果两组血管活性药物使用情况差异无统计学意义。术后6、12、24hS组CK-MB、cTnI浓度明显低于P组(P<0.05)。结论七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼比丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉对老年冠心病患者行胃癌根治术具有更好的心肌保护效果。     

丙泊酚和七氟醚麻醉维持应用于喉返神经监测下甲状腺手术效果的比较

目的比较丙泊酚和七氟醚麻醉维持在喉返神经监测下甲状腺手术的麻醉效果。方法选择2018年9—12月需行喉返神经监测下甲状腺手术的患者80例,男40例,女40例,年龄22～45岁,BMI 19～27 kg/m~2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组:丙泊酚麻醉维持组(P组)和七氟醚麻醉维持组(S组),每组40例。P组采用静脉泵注丙泊酚4～6 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1)麻醉维持,S组吸入1.5%～2.5%七氟醚麻醉维持。监测左手拇内收肌肌肉松弛程度,分别记录给予罗库溴铵后TOF值下降达75%、50%、0、恢复4个成串刺激、TOF值恢复至50%和恢复至75%的时间。记录术中高血压、低血压、窦性心动过速、窦性心动过缓、阿托品使用、体动发生情况。记录停麻醉药到清醒拔管时间、术后躁动、嗜睡、咽痛、恶心呕吐发生情况。记录喉返神经首次监测时间和首次监测成功例数。结果与P组比较,S组达到恢复4个成串刺激、TOF值恢复至50%和恢复至75%的时间明显延长(P0.05),术中低血压发生率明显升高(P0.05),体动发生率明显降低(P0.05),停麻醉药到清醒拔管时间明显缩短(P0.05)。两组术后躁动、咽痛、恶心呕吐发生率及术中神经监测情况比较差异均无统计学意义。结论应用丙泊酚和七氟醚均可满足行喉返神经监测下甲状腺手术患者的麻醉维持需求,与丙泊酚4～6 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1)麻醉维持比较,吸入1.5%～2.5%七氟醚麻醉维持时肌松恢复时间长,术中体动少且不影响神经监测,因此更有优势。     

七氟醚复合丙泊酚静吸复合麻醉对老年食管癌患者术后早期认知功能的影响

目的 观察七氟醚复合丙泊酚静吸复合麻醉对老年食管癌患者术后早期认知功能的影响.方法 择期食管癌根治术老年患者30例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅲ级,年龄60～75周岁,随机均分为七氟醚复合丙泊酚麻醉组(S组)和丙泊酚全凭静脉组(P组).分别于手术前1天、术后第3天和第7天测定简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分,并分别于麻醉前、术毕和术后第3天检测血清S1000β和血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶( NSE)的含量.结果 与手术前1d比较,两组患者术后第3天MMSE评分均降低(P<0.05),但组间差异无统计学意义,术后第7天恢复正常.S组术后出现轻度认知功能障碍的患者为4例(27%),P组为2例(13%).与麻醉前相比,两组患者术毕及术后第3天NSE的含量显著增高(P<0.05),但组间差异无统计学意义.结论 与丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉相比,七氟醚复合丙泊酚静吸复合麻醉并不增加术后早期认知功能障碍的发生率.     

比较七氟醚和异丙酚全身麻醉对老年患者麻醉苏醒时间及术后认知功能的影响

目的对比七氟醚和异丙酚全身麻醉对老年患者麻醉苏醒时间及术后认知功能的影响。方法选取150例全麻下接受手术治疗的老年患者,根据麻醉药物不同分为观察组分为2组,各75例。对照组采用七氟醚麻醉,观察组采用异丙酚麻醉,观察2组患者苏醒时间和术后认知功能(Mini-Mental State,MMS评分)恢复情况。结果观察组患者停药后自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间、术后1 h、6 h的MMS评分,均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2组患者术后12 h、24h的MMS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与七氟醚相比,采用异丙酚对老年手术患者实施全身麻醉,术后苏醒时间短,对患者认知功能影响小,可根据患者具体病情加以选择。     

不同麻醉维持方式对脊柱手术患者术后早期认知功能障碍的影响

目的：探讨丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉、静吸复合麻醉和七氟烷吸入麻醉对老年患者术后早期认知功能障碍(POCD)发生率的影响。方法将120例ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级择期脊柱手术患者,随机分为丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉组(A组)、全凭异氟烷吸入麻醉组(B组)、静吸复合麻醉维持组(C组)。主要观察并记录患者术前、术后1、3、6、12、24小时的简易智力状态检查(MMSE)评分。结果与术前比较,两组术后1、3、6、12小时MMSE评分均降低,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 C组术后3h、6hMMSE评分均高于A、B两组,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论三种全身麻醉方式用于老年患者,术后短时间内均可导致认知功能障碍,而丙泊酚、七氟烷静吸复合麻醉在一定程度上能降低了早期POCD的危险性,而且术后苏醒快、恢复快。     

不同麻醉方法对行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术患者认知功能的影响

目的比较靶控输注丙泊酚瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉、七氟醚和瑞芬太尼静吸复合麻醉及七氟醚加芬太尼复合腰硬联合麻醉对行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术患者术后认知功能的影响。方法选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,年龄60-75岁行择期腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术患者60例,随机分为靶控输注丙泊酚瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉组（PR组）,七氟醚和瑞芬太尼静吸麻醉组（SR组）和七氟醚加瑞芬太尼复合腰硬联合麻醉组（CS组）,每组20例。在麻醉诱导前、术后1h、3h、5h和24h应用简易智力状态检查（MMS）测试方法评定其认知功能。结果三组患者各时间点MMS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）：三组患者在术后1h均较术前显著降低（P〈0．05）,PR组、SR组和CS组分别有4例（20％）、有7例（35％）,3例（15％）患者有明显的认知功能降低;术后3hPR组和SR组分别有2例（10％）和有3例（15％）MMS分值较低,CS组基本恢复至术前水平;术后5h和24h三组MMS评分恢复至术前水平。结论在腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术后均可引起一过性的术后认知功能障碍,三种麻醉方法的影响相似。     

丙泊酚与七氟醚复合麻醉对肝炎肝硬化患者术后肝肾功能的影响

目的 探讨丙泊酚与七氟醚复合麻醉对肝炎肝硬化患者术后肝肾功能的影响.方法 选择60例ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,肝炎肝硬化门脉高压拟行脾切断流术的患者,随机均分为七氟醚组(A组)、丙泊酚组(B组)和丙泊酚复合七氟醚组(C组).三组患者分别采用七氟醚吸入、单纯丙泊酚静脉输注和丙泊酚复合七氟醚维持麻醉,维持患者生命体征平稳.记录术前、术后第1、3、5天肝、肾功能指标.结果 三组患者术后第1、3、5天肝脏酶显著增高(P＜0.05),在术后第1天达到高峰,总胆红素术后第3天达高峰,白蛋白术后第1天显著降低(P＜0.05),术后第3天和第5天与术前比较差异无统计学意义,三组患者均无肝功能衰竭.术后肾功能指标肌酐、尿素氮组内、组间比较差异无统计学意义.结论 丙泊酚与七氟醚复合麻醉对肝炎肝硬化行脾切断流术患者术后早期肝功能有轻度影响,对肾功能无明显影响.     

丙泊酚和七氟醚对术后睡眠质量的影响

目的观察丙泊酚或七氟醚对全麻术后睡眠质量及褪黑素分泌的影响。方法选择行妇科腹腔镜手术的患者120例,年龄18～49岁,BMI 18.5～25 kg/m~2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,采取随机数字表法分为两组(n=60):丙泊酚组(P组)和七氟醚组(S组)。两组采用相同药物麻醉诱导; P组麻醉维持采用丙泊酚靶控输入4~12 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1),间断静注舒芬太尼0.2μg/kg、顺阿曲库铵0.1 mg/kg,维持BIS 40～60;S组麻醉维持采用七氟醚吸入MAC 1.0～1.3,间断静注舒芬太尼0.2μg/kg、顺阿曲库铵0.1 mg/kg,维持BIS 40~60。观察术前1 d及术后1、3、7、30 d患者的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)及晨尿硫酸褪黑素浓度。结果与术前比较,术后1、3 d P组PSQI明显升高,术后1 d S组PSQI明显升高(P0.05)。术后3 d S组的PSQI明显低于P组(P0.05)。与术前比较,术后1、3 d P组褪黑素浓度明显降低(P0.05);术后1 d S组褪黑素浓度明显降低(P0.05)。术后3 d S组褪黑素浓度明显高于P组(P0.05)。结论丙泊酚和七氟醚对全麻术后睡眠质量都有明显影响,但七氟醚对睡眠质量的影响较丙泊酚短暂。     

对比七氟烷与异丙酚对腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎手术患儿认知、应激及疼痛的影响

目的对比七氟烷与异丙酚对腹股沟疝手术患儿认知、应激及疼痛的影响。 方法选取2017年9月至2018年11月重庆市永川区儿童医院90例腹股沟疝患儿,通过随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,各45例。对照组采用异丙酚静脉麻醉,而观察组采用七氟烷吸入麻醉。比较2组患者的麻醉效果指标,术后1 h、术后1 d以及术后2 d疼痛情况,麻醉诱导前及切皮时应激反应指标,麻醉前、应答后2、4、6、24 h认知功能。 结果观察组麻醉起效时间、呼吸恢复时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。术后1 h、术后1 d及2 d2组的儿童疼痛评分（CHEOPS）随时间延长均下降（P<0.05）,但2组各时间点均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。切皮时与麻醉诱导前比较,2组血清皮质醇（Cor）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）及肾上腺素（E）水平均升高,但观察组均低于对照组（P<0.05）。应答后2、4、6、24 h 2组简易精神状况检查评分（MMSE）随时间变化呈上升趋势（P<0.05）。应答后2、4 h2组MMSE评分低于麻醉前,对照组低于观察组（P<0.05）。 结论相较异丙酚,七氟烷对腹股沟疝手术患儿麻醉效果更佳,可改善其认知功能,抑制机体应激及疼痛。     

Recovery characteristics and post-operative delirium after long-duration laparoscope-assisted surgery in elderly patients: propofol-based vs. sevoflurane-based anesthesia

BACKGROUND: Post-operative mental dysfunction may be an important problem in elderly patients. This study was designed to compare the effects of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on recovery characteristics and the incidence of post-operative delirium (POD) in long-duration laparoscopic surgery for elderly patients. METHODS: Fifty ASA physical status I-II patients over the age of 65 scheduled for laparoscopic surgery lasting 3 h or more randomly received propofol (group P, n = 25) or sevoflurane (group S, n = 25) for both induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Both groups were combined with continuous perioperative epidural analgesia. The level of primary anesthetics was adjusted to maintain changes in mean arterial pressure within 20% of the pre-anesthetic values. The emergence times from anesthesia (eye opening, extubation, response to command, and orientation) were recorded, and the occurrence of POD was assessed by the delirium rating scale (DRS) during the first 3 days after surgery. All patients received oxygen and continuous epidural analgesia postoperatively. RESULTS: Immediate emergence, i.e. eye opening and extubation was significantly faster after sevoflurane (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the incidences of POD in the two groups during the first 3 days after surgery. The scores for DRS on day 2 and 3 after surgery, however, were significantly higher in group P than in group S (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Sevoflurane may be preferable to propofol for general anesthesia in combination with epidural analgesia with respect to less effect on mental function during the early postoperative period for long-duration laparoscopic surgery in elderly patients.     

Omission of nitrous oxide from a propofol-based anesthetic does not affect the recovery of women undergoing outpatient gynecologic surgery

BACKGROUND: Although nitrous oxide (N2O) is used commonly during anesthesia, clinically relevant advantages-disadvantages of using this agent are not well established in the ambulatory setting. This study in women undergoing ambulatory gynecologic surgery compares outcomes in patients administered total intravenous anesthesia with propofol versus the propofol plus N2O. The primary outcome was the time to home readiness. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of postanesthetic adverse events. METHODS: Women presenting for elective ambulatory termination of pregnancy or gynecologic laparoscopy were induced with an intravenous sleep dose of propofol and fentanyl. After induction, subjects were randomly allocated to maintenance anesthesia with propofol alone or propofol plus 65% N2O. Patients were assessed by a blinded observer in the postanesthetic care unit at 20-min intervals to determine home readiness. Postoperative pain and nausea were measured with visual analog scales. Postoperative analgesics and antiemetics were recorded. The incidence of adverse events occurring after hospital discharge was assessed by a telephone interview 24 h postoperatively. RESULTS: A total of 740 patients received propofol alone, and 750 patients received propofol plus N2O. Mean home readiness times were not significantly different between treatment groups. There were no significant differences between groups in pain scores, nausea scores, analgesia administration, or antiemetic administration before discharge. There were no significant differences in the frequency of adverse events for 24 h after discharge from hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Omission of N2O from a propofol-based anesthetic for ambulatory gynecologic surgery does not affect time to home readiness or the incidence of postoperative adverse events up to 24 h after discharge from hospital. (Key words: Awareness; outpatient surgery; total intravenous anesthesia.)     

丙泊酚与七氟醚对结直肠癌根治术患者缺氧诱导因子-1水平的影响

探讨丙泊酚与七氟醚对结直肠癌根治术患者围手术期血清缺氧诱导因子-1（hypoxia inducible factor-1, HIF-1）的影响。 方法 选择符合纳入标准结直肠癌根治术患者40例,采用随机数字表法分为两组：丙泊酚组（P组）和七氟醚组（S组）,每组20例。P组采用全凭静脉全身麻醉,常规静脉诱导,靶控输注（target-controlled infusion, TCI）丙泊酚,术中维持：瑞芬太尼TCI、丙泊酚TCI。S组采用静吸复合全身麻醉,常规静脉诱导,术中维持：瑞芬太尼TCI、七氟醚吸入。于麻醉前30 min（T0）、手术结束即刻（T1）、术后24 h（T2）时采集患者颈内静脉血样4 ml,采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测HIF-1血清浓度。 结果 P组T1时点HIF-1浓度小于T0时点,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。S组T1时点HIF-1浓度大于T0时点,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与P组比较,S组T1时点HIF-1浓度升高（P＜0.05）。 结论 丙泊酚可以使结直肠癌患者血清HIF？蛳1的浓度降低,而七氟醚上调其表达水平,提示丙泊酚更适用于此类患者,对肿瘤后期治疗及康复有意义。     

Recovery Profile, Costs, and Patient Satisfaction with Propofol and Sevoflurane for Fast-track Office-based Anesthesia

Background: Office-based surgery is becoming increasingly popular because of its cost-saving potential. Both propofol and sevoflurane are commonly used in the ambulatory setting because of their favorable recovery profiles. This clinical investigation was designed to compare the clinical effects, recovery characteristics, and cost-effectiveness of propofol and sevoflurane when used alone or in combination for office-based anesthesia.

Methods: One hundred four outpatients undergoing superficial surgical procedures at an office-based surgical center were randomly assigned to one of three general anesthetic groups. In groups I and II, propofol 2 mg/kg was administered for induction followed by propofol 75-150 [micro sign]g [middle dot] kg-1 [middle dot] min-1 (group I) or sevoflurane 1-2% (group II) with N2 O 67% in oxygen for maintenance of anesthesia. In group III, anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in combination with N (2) O 67% in oxygen. Local anesthetics were injected at the incision site before skin incision and during the surgical procedure. The recovery profiles, costs of drugs, and resources used, as well as patient satisfaction, were compared among the three treatment groups.

Results: Although early recovery variables (e.g., eye opening, response to commands, and sitting up) were similar in all three groups, the times to standing up and to be "home ready" were significantly prolonged when sevoflurane-N2 O was used for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia. The time to tolerating fluids, recovery room stay, and discharge times were significantly decreased when propofol was used for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia. Similarly, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and the need for rescue antiemetics were also significantly reduced after propofol anesthesia. Finally, the total costs and patient satisfaction were more favorable when propofol was used for induction and maintenance of office-based anesthesia.     

不同麻醉方法对小儿腹腔镜疝修补术后免疫功能的影响

目的探讨七氟醚吸入喉罩全麻与骶管阻滞复合七氟醚吸入喉罩全麻2种全身麻醉对小儿斜疝腹腔镜术后机体特异性细胞免疫功能的影响。 方法前瞻性选择2015年1月至2017年6月,东莞市妇幼保健院进行治疗的小儿斜疝100例,将其按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组50例。其中试验组采用骶管阻滞复合七氟醚吸入喉罩全麻法,对照组采用七氟醚吸入喉罩全麻法。统计学分析2组患儿斜疝腹腔镜手术中不同麻醉方法对机体细胞免疫功能的影响。 结果2组术后2、24 h CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD4⁺/CD8⁺值均较麻醉前降低,但对照组下降更为显著,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,试验组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组CD8⁺值前后变化较小,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后24 h对照组CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD4⁺/CD8⁺值均显著低于试验组术后24 h各个指标水平,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与麻醉前比较,两组术后24 h、72 h的IL-10水平均显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论骶管阻滞复合七氟醚吸入喉罩全麻对小儿斜疝腹腔镜术后机体特异性细胞免疫功能的影响较小,对于免疫功能相对低下的患儿有利于术后恢复。     

Omission of Nitrous Oxide from a Propofol-based Anesthetic Does Not Affect the Recovery of Women Undergoing Outpatient Gynecologic Surgery

Background: Although nitrous oxide (N2O) is used commonly during anesthesia, clinically relevant advantages-disadvantages of using this agent are not well established in the ambulatory setting. This study in women undergoing ambulatory gynecologic surgery compares outcomes in patients administered total intravenous anesthesia with propofol versus the propofol plus N2O. The primary outcome was the time to home readiness. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of postanesthetic adverse events.

Methods: Women presenting for elective ambulatory termination of pregnancy or gynecologic laparoscopy were induced with an intravenous sleep dose of propofol and fentanyl. After induction, subjects were randomly allocated to maintenance anesthesia with propofol alone or propofol plus 65% N2O. Patients were assessed by a blinded observer in the postanesthetic care unit at 20-min intervals to determine home readiness. Postoperative pain and nausea were measured with visual analog scales. Postoperative analgesics and antiemetics were recorded. The incidence of adverse events occurring after hospital discharge was assessed by a telephone interview 24 h postoperatively.

Results: A total of 740 patients received propofol alone, and 750 patients received propofol plus N2O. Mean home readiness times were not significantly different between treatment groups. There were no significant differences between groups in pain scores, nausea scores, analgesia administration, or antiemetic administration before discharge. There were no significant differences in the frequency of adverse events for 24 h after discharge from hospital.     

Recovery profile, costs, and patient satisfaction with propofol and sevoflurane for fast-track office-based anesthesia.

BACKGROUND: Office-based surgery is becoming increasingly popular because of its cost-saving potential Both propofol and sevoflurane are commonly used in the ambulatory setting because of their favorable recovery profiles. This clinical investigation was designed to compare the clinical effects, recovery characteristics, and cost-effectiveness of propofol and sevoflurane when used alone or in combination for office-based anesthesia. METHODS: One hundred four outpatients undergoing superficial surgical procedures at an office-based surgical center were randomly assigned to one of three general anesthetic groups. In groups I and II, propofol 2 mg/kg was administered for induction followed by propofol 75-150 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) (group I) or sevoflurane 1-2% (group II) with N2O 67% in oxygen for maintenance of anesthesia In group m, anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in combination with N2O 67% in oxygen. Local anesthetics were injected at the incision site before skin incision and during the surgical procedure. The recovery profiles, costs of drugs, and resources used, as well as patient satisfaction, were compared among the three treatment groups. RESULTS: Although early recovery variables (e.g., eye opening, response to commands, and sitting up) were similar in all three groups, the times to standing up and to be "home ready" were significantly prolonged when sevoflurane-N2O was used for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia. The time to tolerating fluids, recovery room stay, and discharge times were significantly decreased when propofol was used for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia. Similarly, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and the need for rescue antiemetics were also significantly reduced after propofol anesthesia. Finally, the total costs and patient satisfaction were more favorable when propofol was used for induction and maintenance of office-based anesthesia CONCLUSION: Compared with sevoflurane-N2O, use of propofol-N2O for office-based anesthesia was associated with an improved recovery profile, greater patient satisfaction, and lower costs. There were significantly more patients who were dissatisfied with the sevoflurane anesthetic technique.