胶印润版液循环过滤技术的应用研究

目的针对胶印润版液的排放现状,研制润版液循环过滤技术及设备,以实现润版液的循环使用,达到节省生产成本、增加工作效率、提升产品质量等目的。方法采用双级不同循环过滤装置对胶印润版废液进行循环过滤生产应用实验,通过测试其酸碱度(pH值)、电导率、表面张力等印刷生产核心技术指标,进行过滤前后的对比分析,研究不同孔径滤芯的过滤效果、对润版液有效成分影响、产品质量的影响。结果经孔径分别为0.5,1μm的PP棉滤芯过滤后,测得pH值分别为5.27,5.20,电导率分别为720,773μs/cm,表面张力分别为58.45,58.42 mN/m,各核心参数均在印刷正常生产要求范围之内。结论结合滤芯的成本及应用实验寿命测试数据,确定循环过滤装置使用PP棉滤芯8根(孔径0.5,1μm各4根),为较佳配置。     

胶印润版液中溶剂残留的测定方法

目的 建立胶印润版液中4种溶剂残留的测定方法。方法 采用顶空/气相色谱-质谱联用法、应用CD-VOCOL柱(60 m×0.32 mm×1.8μm,CNW)测定胶印润版液中甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇和环己酮的残留量。结果 4种溶剂残留得到有效分离,相关系数均大于0.998,回收率为87.5%~102.5%。结论 该方法操作简便、结果准确,具有较好的重现性,可满足实际分析的需要。     

水的硬度对油墨乳化率的影响

通过配制一组不同硬度的润版液,并使之与3种常用的胶印油墨进行乳化试验,考察润版液中水的硬度对胶印油墨乳化率的影响关系,为润版液的配制和使用提供实验依据。     

静电纺聚丙烯腈复合滤料的制备与性能

将聚丙烯腈粉末加入到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,制备12%(wt,质量分数)的纺丝液。以聚丙烯熔喷非织造布为基布,通过改变纺丝时间,制得不同厚度的复合滤料。通过扫描电子显微镜观察熔喷布和纳米纤维的外观形貌,并对复合滤料的孔径、孔径分布、过滤效率、透气性进行表征。结果表明:采用静电纺丝的方法纺制了平均直径为220nm的聚丙烯腈纳米纤维。随着纺丝时间的增加,复合滤料的孔径不断减小,过滤效率逐渐提高,透气性下降。当纺丝时间为60min时,复合滤料的孔径尺寸集中分布在2~5μm,对粒径"≥1.0μm2.0μm"颗粒的过滤效率为99.85%,压力降为200Pa,符合医用防护口罩技术要求,过滤性能达到2级。     

高速轮转胶印润版液的应用研究

阐述了高速轮转胶印润版液的组成,保持润版液与油墨的相对稳定,及达到印刷所要求水墨平衡的方法,提出了在高速轮转印刷中,为确保图文信息的良好再现,对润版液的正确应用和相关控制要素,具有实际应用价值.     

润版液在胶印印刷中的功能和作用

胶印是当今主要的印刷方式,印版版面影像部分和非影像部分高度相差极小,只有2微米左右,印刷过程就是水墨平衡的过程;在胶印印刷中,润版液承担版面空白部分不被油墨污染的作用。润版液分三大类:酸性润版液,醇性润版液和非离子表面活性润版液;目前最常用的是醇类润版液,其主要成分有水、电解质、缓冲剂、印版保护剂、表面活性剂、杀菌防霉剂、络合剂、醇类物质、金属清洗剂、阿拉伯树胶等。本文详细介绍润版液的组成、作用和控制相关工艺参数的方法。     

润版液各参数之间的关系分析

根据润版液的组成,将润版液各个参数之间的关系进行了实验研究。分别改变润版液的浓缩润版液含量、异丙醇含量和温度,分析了它们对润版液pH值和导电率的影响,使用非线性回归法得到了各参数之间的关系曲线和函数关系。实验结果表明:浓缩润版液和异丙醇含量对润版液的pH值和导电率有较大影响,温度对pH值和导电率的影响可以忽略。为控制胶印的水墨平衡提供了理论依据。     

水的硬度对乳化油墨印刷适性的影响

探讨了胶印润版液中水的硬度对乳化之后油墨的粘着性、印刷网点扩大值和色域等影响的基本规律,为润版液配制时水的硬度确定提供了实验参考和理论数据.     

P·S版用润版液

日本株式会社大贸商会生产销售的吉田——5P·S版用润版液,是经过长期研究开发的新产品。在日本胶印印刷生产中,已成为生产必备用品。中日合作抗松印刷有限公司在积极利用外资引进国外先进生产设备的同时,注意吸收、消化国外印刷配套用品的技术。现该公司被日本株式会社大贸商会指定为中国总代理,生产销售吉田—5P·S版润版液。     

浸渍整理对PAN预氧化纤维/芳纶复合滤料性能影响研究

通过以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)乳液和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)为主的整理液对制备的针刺聚丙烯腈(PAN)预氧化纤维/芳纶复合滤料进行浸渍处理,提高其过滤性能。研究了浸渍处理对PAN预氧化纤维/芳纶复合滤料外观形态、透气性、拉伸性能、孔径和过滤性能的影响。结果表明,浸渍处理使复合滤料纤维表面形成膜状附着物,断裂强力有所提高,复合滤料透气性和孔径均有明显减小,孔径分布窄而集中;浸渍处理后的复合滤料对不同粒径微粒过滤效率均明显提高,其中对0.3μm和0.5μm微粒过滤效率分别达到65.87%和68.63%,提高最为显著,提高率高达98.94%和85.09%,对2.5μm微粒过滤效率高达98.66%。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.