阿图什氧化塘污水处理效果分析

为了解阿图什氧化塘的污水处理效果,分别于2007年3月和6月对该氧化塘的进、出水水质进行了监测.结果表明:阿图什氧化塘对挥发酚、生化需氧量、氨氮、化学需氧量、悬浮物的去除率较高,达50%以上,而对磷和部分重金属的去除率小于30%,比较低;氧化塘的污水处理效果夏季好于春季;氧化塘出水水质没有完全达到<农田灌溉水质标准>(GB 5084-92)中的旱作标准,与设计要求有一定差距,而且与国家相关排放标准相比,也存在较大差距,但处理后的污水适合外排用于灌溉荒漠植被和经济林,而且可产生良好的生态效益和经济效益.     

纺织印染废水的处理技术

印染废水的色度大，有机物含量高，可生化性差．针对上述特点，采用了厌氧水解酸化一生物接触氧化、气浮等工艺处理印染废水．结果表明，该工艺对印染废水有很好的处理效果，最终出水基本达到无色，达到纺织染整工业水污染物排放一级标准（GB4287-1992），处理成本较低．     

外源废水输入对福州东湖湿地水体污染元素浓度和分布特征的影响

滨海湿地作为一种特殊的湿地类型,对人类活动和环境污染响应十分敏感。近年来,外源废水输入导致滨海湿地水体污染严重,对生态环境和人类健康产生威胁。该研究以福州东湖湿地为研究对象,分析上游径流、生活污水、工业废水、养殖塘废水、退塘还湿以及天然湿地等外源水输入对福州东湖水体Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Pb和Mn浓度及分布特征的影响,并对养殖塘水体与沉积物中污染元素浓度进行分析和生态风险评估。研究结果表明,福州东湖湿地水体中Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Pb、Mn的质量浓度分别为(0.50±0.20)、(3.87±1.54)、(34.48±1.71)、(4.72±0.48)、(0.77±0.38)、(151.96±58.81)μg/L,各污染元素浓度符合地表水Ⅱ类水标准。工业废水和养殖塘废水输入是福州东湖水体中污染元素的主要来源,其中工业废水的Mn浓度、养殖塘废水的Cr、Cu、Pb和Mn浓度较高。由于养殖饵料与消毒剂的添加,部分养殖塘沉积物Cr和Mn存在轻度或偏中度污染,呈现轻度生态风险。为防止水质进一步恶化,应改良工业废水处理设施,优化农业养殖模式,控制周边地区污染源。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定水和废水中的甲醇

讨论了用毛细管气相色谱法测定水和废水中甲醇的方法，该方法对样品用蒸馏法进行前处理，方法的相对标准偏差为2．9％，回收率为90．6％－97．8％，最低检出限为0．13ng。     

造纸废水治理投资效益及废物综合利用

介绍了一种造纸废水混凝－氧化处理新技术，其工艺合理、简易可行，治理投资可降低60％以上，运行费用降低50％。     

膜技术去除废水中重金属离子

介绍了应用微滤膜、超滤膜、反渗透膜技术处理含重金属离子废水的方法、过程和效果。利用膜技术再配以适当的预处理方法，如氧化、还原、吸附等，对重金属离子可处理到0．1mg/L以下。     

高浓度难生化有机废水处理方法研究

通过对高浓度难生化有机废水的馏化、微电解、H2O2氧化、催化电氧化等方法的对比研究，提出了较合理的新工艺催化电氧化反应器技术．该技术对难生化有机物的去除效率可达90％以上。     

生物絮凝剂在啤酒废水处理中的应用实验

本文用生物絮凝剂处理可生化性的啤酒废水，对生物絮凝剂投加量、生物絮凝剂处理的适宜pH值、温度、金属离子影响等条件进行较系统的研究，绘制出单一因素对生物絮凝剂处理效果影响的曲线，确定生物絮凝剂处理啤酒废水的最适条件．经过5d处理，啤酒废水中COD去除率可达90．53％；污水中氨氮的去除率可达84．08％；絮凝率可达87．56％．     

稀土生产废水治理方案综述

论述了稀土生产废水对环境的影响和危害，针对其影响和然害，从回收资源和废水达标排放角度，对稀土生产产生的酸性废水，硫铵废水和氯铵废水的各种处理方法进行了论述，通过对各种处理方法的筛选，优化，确定了最佳处理方案。     

含硫废水预处理方案的经济技术性研究

从技术经济角度对空气催化氧化法和铁盐沉淀法处理含硫废水进行了研究，建立了总投资费用的NPV与废水流量及硫化物浓度的关系．结果表明；不回收FeS沉淀时，空气催化氧化法费用较低；回收FeS沉淀时，铁盐沉淀法费用较低，且存在一个盈亏平衡点，该点浓度约为700mg／L，高于此浓度时，铁盐沉淀法为盈利工艺。     

生物接触氧化预处理微污染源水中BOD5的测定

在微污染源水生物预处理中,由于生物池内和处理后的出水中含有大量硝化细菌,使BOD5测定结果偏大.提出在测定这类水样时,加入硝化细菌抑制剂,可以消除硝化作用的影响.     

Impact of distillery effluent application to land on soil microflora

A pot culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different treatments of distillery wastewater, i.e. raw, treated, diluted and raw distillery wastewater mixed with domestic waste stabilization pond effluent (1:1) on populations of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and nitrogen fixing bacteria. The results indicated that raw wastewater decreased the population of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. The growth rates of Rhizobium and Azotobacter were also reduced after raw wastewater application. The toxic effect of raw wastewater was minimized when it was mixed with stabilization pond effluent (1:1), this was demonstrated by an increase in the populations of all the microorganisms studied. When a groundnut plant was irrigated with raw distillery wastewater, no fruits were produced and there was also less nodulation. This study indicates that raw distillery wastewater is very toxic to the soil microorganisms which are important in the soil ecosystem.     

水和废水中黄磷的测定

试验了黄磷在紫外光区的吸收光谱,建立了紫外分光光度法测定水和废水中黄磷的方法.该方法不需酸化、氧化,可在萃取后直接比色测定.当样品中含有石油类干扰物质时,可用含氧化剂的酸性水溶液对萃取液进行反萃取即能将其排除.该方法灵敏,具有测定范围宽、准确度高、精密度好、操作简便等特点.     

Efficiency evaluation of sewage treatment plants with different technologies in Delhi (India)

Physical, chemical and microbiological efficiencies of Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) located in Delhi's watershed in context of different treatment technologies employed in these plants have been determined. There were in all seventeen STPs treating domestic wastewater which were studied over a period of 12 months. These STPs were based on Conventional Activated sludge process (ASP), Extended aeration (Ex. Aeration), physical, chemical and biological removal treatment (BIOFORE) and oxidation pond treatment process. Results suggests that except "Mehrauli" STP which was based on Extended aeration process and "Oxidation pond", effluents from all other STPs exceeded FC standard of 10(3) MPN/100 ml for unrestricted irrigation criteria set by National river conservation directorate (NRCD). Actual integrated efficiency (IE(a)) of each STP was evaluated and compared with the standard integrated efficiency (IE(s)) based upon physical, biological and microbiological removal efficiencies depending upon influent sewage characteristics. The best results were obtained for STPs employing extended aeration, BIOFORE and oxidation pond treatment process thus can be safely used for irrigation purposes.     

Characteristics of Iron Ore Tailing Slime in India and Its Test for Required Pond Size

The physical and chemical nature of the tailingslime depends on milling operations and water contentin the effluent. The characteristics of the tailingsdictate the type of disposal facility required.Characteristics of the tailings, transportation frombeneficiation plants and disposal system are described.Studies on tailing slime have been carried out at ironore mines in Orissa and the results are discussed. Thetailings contain toxic elements and find their wayinto the water environment. Sedimentation test was carriedout on tailings and the area required for tailing pondwas found to be 3155 m² in comparison to10 000 m² obtained from the use of an empiricalequation. Provision of tailing pond for the disposalof tailings is a conservation of resources in additionto pollution control, and sedimentation test is essentialfor required pond size calculation.     

上海部分城市污水处理厂现状调查

对上海市部分城市水污水处理厂的工艺特点，处理能力，污染物去除率，废水排放达标率进行了调查与分析，指出，必须加强对城市污水处理厂的监督监测，并就污水处理厂的建设，改造提出了一些建议。     

废水治理工程验收监测的若干问题

针对废水治理工程验收监测存在的问题，提出了制定监测方案，建立企业污染设施管理制度和验收监测与污染监督监测相结合等具体解决问题的办法，确立为企业服务的思想。     

Optimal Expansion Strategy for a Sewer System under Uncertainty

Because of fast urban sprawl, land use competition, and the gap in available funds and needed funds, municipal decision makers and planners are looking for more cost-effective and sustainable ways to improve their sewer infrastructure systems. The dominant approaches have turned to planning the sanitary sewer systems within a regional context, while the decentralized and on-site/cluster wastewater systems have not overcome the application barriers. But regionalization policy confers uncertainties and risks upon cities while planning for future events. Following the philosophy of smart growth, this paper presents several optimal expansion schemes for a fast-growing city in the US/Mexico borderlands—the city of Pharr in Texas under uncertainty. The waste stream generated in Pharr is divided into three distinct sewer sheds within the city limit, including south region, central region, and north region. The options available include routing the wastewater to a neighboring municipality (i.e., McAllen) for treatment and reuse, expanding the existing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the south sewer shed, and constructing a new WWTP in the north sewer shed. Traditional deterministic least-cost optimization applied in the first stage can provide a cost-effective and technology-based decision without respect to associated uncertainties system wide. As the model is primarily driven by the fees charged for wastewater transfer, sensitivity analysis was emphasized by the inclusion of varying flat-rate fees for adjustable transfer schemes before contracting process that may support the assessment of fiscal benefits to all parties involved. Yet uncertainties might arise from wastewater generation, wastewater reuse, and cost increase in constructing and operating the new wastewater treatment plant simultaneously. When dealing with multiple sources of uncertainty, the grey mixed integer programming (GIP) model, formulated in the second stage, can further allow all sources of uncertainties to propagate throughout the optimization context, simultaneously leading to determine a wealth of optimal decisions within a reasonable range. Both models ran for three 5-year periods beginning in 2005 and ending in 2020. The dynamic outputs of this analysis reflect the systematic concerns about integrative uncertainties within this decision analysis, which enable decision makers and stakeholders to make all-inclusive decisions for sanitary sewer system expansion in an economically growing region.     

铜矿尾矿污染的综合治理

对铜矿选矿过程中产生的尾矿浆进行机械压滤，滤水循环利用，尾矿渣用于制砖，实现选矿废水、废渣零排放。一直困绕着铜矿选矿的尾矿污染难题被攻破     

用接触氧化+生态氧化塘工艺处理城镇污水的应用研究

通过对阿瓦提县城污水处理工程的改造项目进行分析,从而得出生物接触氧化塘技术的技术可行性论证,并通过污染源监测数据说明该氧化塘COD进口平均浓度为279.91 mg/L,出口平均浓度为73.33 mg/L。工程改造前后排口COD由205 mg/L下降为73.33 mg/L,COD浓度明显降低,COD可减少105.735 t/a,减排效果明显。