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1.
Early surgery in infective endocarditis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Olaison L; Hogevik H; Myken P; Oden A; Alestig K 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(4):267-278
Optimal timing of surgical intervention in infective endocarditis is
important in reducing mortality. We prospectively studied 126 consecutive
episodes of infective endocarditis treated in one institution over 5 years,
with special emphasis on long-term results and on the effects on outcome of
surgical interventions. Twenty-six patients (21%) underwent acute surgery
on median treatment day 14. Mortality during treatment was 8% for patients
undergoing acute surgery vs. 11% for those not undergoing surgery, and the
adjusted 5-year survival rate of acute surgically treated patients was 91%,
compared with 69% for the medically treated patients. Using univariate
analysis, excess mortality during 5 years follow-up was associated with new
cardiac decompensation at entry (<it>p</it> < 0.01), age
(<it>p</it> < 0.01), no acute surgery
(<it>p</it> < 0.05) and mitral valve involvement
(<it>p</it> < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed new
cardiac decompensation at entry to be an independent predictor of cardiac
death at 5 years follow-up (relative risk 2.39, CI 1.05-5.45), while no
surgery during active disease implied a relative risk of 3.45, though not
statistically significant. Patients undergoing surgery very early
(⩽ 10 days of treatment) did not have a poorer outcome. Acute valve
replacement, as compared with medical therapy only, might be important to
increase both short-term and long-term survival in infective endocarditis.
相似文献
2.
Autoantibodies against bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in patients with cystic fibrosis 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Zhao MH; Jayne DR; Ardiles LG; Culley F; Hodson ME; Lockwood CM 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(4):259-265
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disorder, is characterized by chronic
pulmonary infection/inflammation which leads to respiratory failure. The
presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) has
previously been observed in the sera of patients with CF. In view of the
known relationship of ANCA with primary vasculitis and of their putative
pathogenetic role in these disorders, we studied the presence, specificity
and isotype of ANCA and their clinical associations in 66 adult CF
patients. None of the 66 CF samples had autoantibodies to the major ANCA
antigens, proteinase 3 or myeloperoxidase. However, 60/66 (91%) CF samples
contained IgG and 55/66 (83%) IgA, autoantibodies to
bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI), a recently
characterized ANCA specificity. All the IgA anti-BPI-positive samples were
also IgG anti-BPI-positive. The autoantibody specificity was confirmed by
inhibition assay and immunoblotting of CF sera against a neutrophil granule
preparation. Furthermore, in this cross-sectional study, anti-BPI levels
were inversely correlated with the observed reductions in FEV1 and FVC (IgA
anti-BPI and FEV1: r = 0.508, <it>p</it> < 0.0001), and
both IgG and IgA anti-BPI levels were higher in CF patients with secondary
vasculitis (<it>n</it> = 6) than in those without
(<it>p</it> < 0.05). ANCA with specificity for BPI were
present in the majority of CF sera in this study and autoimmune processes
may be associated with the development of pulmonary injury in CF.
相似文献
3.
Genetic analysis of thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase as a risk factor for myocardial infarction 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Adams M; Smith PD; Martin D; Thompson JR; Lodwick D; Samani NJ 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(6):437-444
Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia is associated with an increased risk of coronary
artery disease and myocardial infarction. Both genetic and environmental
factors influence the plasma level of homocysteine. One of the metabolic
pathways for homocysteine involves the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate
reductase (MTHFR), which regulates the conversion of homocysteine to
methionine. A thermolabile variant of MTHFR is associated with reduced
enzyme activity and increased plasma homocysteine levels. Recently, the
cause of this variant of MTHFR has been identified as a single base change
altering an alanine to a valine residue in the protein. Using a PCR-based
assay to distinguish the normal and thermolabile variants of MTHFR in this
study, we investigated whether the thermolabile variant is a genetic risk
factor for myocardial infarction. In a study of 532 subjects (310
myocardial infarction patients and 222 population-based controls), we found
no difference in either MTHFR genotype distribution (<it>p</it>
= 0.57) or allele frequencies (<it>p</it> = 0.68) between cases
and controls. The allele frequencies of the thermolabile variant were 0.34
and 0.35 in cases and controls, respectively. The age- and sex-stratified
odds ratio for risk of myocardial infarction associated with homozygosity
for the thermolabile variant was 0.85 (95% CI 0.50-1.50,
<it>p</it> = 0.57) and that with carriage of the thermolabile
allele was 1.06 (95% CI 0.73-1.52, <it>p</it> = 0.76). The odds
ratio remained non-significant when restricted to young subjects
(<60 years) or males, and were not influenced by several other risk
factors for myocardial infarction considered either singly or in
combination. Interestingly, in both cases and controls, there was a trend
toward a higher prevalence of hypertension in subjects carrying the normal
allele, although as this is a <it>post-hoc</it> finding it
needs to be interpreted with caution. The thermolabile variant of MTHFR is
not a major risk factor for myocardial infarction and is unlikely to
explain a significant proportion of the reported association of
hyperhomocyst(e)inemia with coronary artery disease.
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4.
Post FA; Wood R; Maartens G 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(7):505-508
CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD4) counts are a standard laboratory marker of disease
progression in HIV infection, but expense precludes their use in large
parts of the world. Total lymphocyte counts (TLC), in contrast, are widely
available. We compared CD4 and TLC counts as predictors of developing AIDS
or death in 831 HIV-positive out-patients (582 males and 249 females with
both homosexual (males, n=316) and heterosexual (n=515) transmission
patterns. The first CD4 count <200/&mgr;l and first TLC
<1250/&mgr;l predicted similar (p=0.52) survival, irrespective
of clinical stage. For each clinical stage, a significant difference in
progression to AIDS and mortality was predicted by TLC above or below
1250/&mgr;l (p <0.03). Survival and progression to AIDS occurred
at similar rates in patients with a TLC <1250/&mgr;l or a CD4
count <200/&mgr;l (p >0.1), and patients with a TLC
>1250/&mgr;l or a CD4 count >200/&mgr;l (p
>0.5). A TLC >1250/&mgr;l preceded the development of
<it>Pneumocystis carinii</it> pneumonia or cerebral
toxoplasmosis in 76% of patients. In this longitudinal study, TLC and CD4
counts were equal predictors of disease progression. A TLC
<1250/&mgr;l could be considered an indication for commencing
cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.
相似文献
5.
The clinical course and management of thoracic empyema 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Ferguson AD; Prescott RJ; Selkon JB; Watson D; Swinburn CR 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(4):285-289
We report a prospective multi-centre study of the clinical course and
hospital management of thoracic empyema in 119 patients (mean age 54.8).
The commonest presenting symptom was malaise (75%), 55% were febrile; 31%
were previously well with no predisposing condition. Initial treatments
were antibiotics alone (5), needle aspirations (46), intercostal tube
drainage (61), rib resection (3) and decortication (4). Overall,
intercostal drainage was used in 77 patients (16 failed aspirations),
surgical rib resection in 24 (1 failed aspirations, 20 failed drainage),
and surgical decortication in 28 (6 failed aspirations, 17 failed
drainage). Only 4 patients received intrapleural fibrinolytic agents.
Aspiration and drainage were likely to fail if the empyema was >40%
of the hemithorax. Median time from treatment start to discharge was:
aspirations, 26 days; drainage, 23 days; resection 11 days; decortication,
12 days. Overall 21 patients died (12 with empyema as the major cause); two
had been surgically treated. Mortality correlated with age, diabetes, heart
failure, and low serum albumin at admission. Infecting organisms,
identified in 109 patients (92%) included anaerobes (37), <it>Str.
melleri</it> (36), and <it>Str. pneumoniae</it> (28). Six
months after discharge, all but six survivors had regained their previous
health.
相似文献
6.
Higgins RM; Goldsmith DJ; MacDiarmid-Gordon A; Taberner D; Venning MC; Ackrill P 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(4):297-306
After serious paracetamol overdose, charcoal haemoperfusion was used to
remove paracetamol from the circulation, aiming to reduce the severity of
subsequent hepatic damage. Daily long-hours high-flux dialysis was given to
patients with grade III-IV hepatic encephalopathy, and also to those at
risk of developing encephalopathy. We reviewed patients treated in this
manner who had not received N-acetylcysteine within the first 15 h after
overdose. From January 1983 to January 1993, 73 patients with serious
paracetamol overdose were seen, of whom 51 received charcoal haemoperfusion
and/or high-flux dialysis. Patients who were admitted within the first 42 h
after overdose and who received haemoperfusion and/or dialysis had
significantly lower peak levels of prothrombin time, bilirubin and
creatinine than those who were admitted after 42 h. Mortality was also
lower amongst patients admitted before 42 h, at 2/18 (11%) vs. 15/33 (45%),
<it>p</it> < 0.05.
相似文献
7.
Silpapojakul K; Mitarnun W; Ovartlarnporn B; Chamroonkul N; Khow-Ean U 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(8):623-629
Liver involvement was retrospectively evaluated in 137 patients with murine
typhus. Fifteen (10.9%) were jaundiced. One patient had been subjected to
cholecystectomy after misdiagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Serum
aminotransferase levels were abnormal in 48/52 measurements, and there were
elevations of >5-fold in 14 patients. Liver biopsies and/or
necropsies from four jaundiced patients showed portal tract and sinusoidal
infiltrates, cloudy swelling/and necrosis of the hepatocytes and occasional
pseudogranuloma formation. There were striking mitoses even in the early
stage, suggesting rapid hepatocellular regeneration. Haemolytic diseases
(G7PD deficiency or haemoglobinopathies), alcoholism, and a second
infection probably also contributed to the pathogenesis of jaundice in
murine typhus. This rickettsiosis should be included among differential
diagnoses of acute hepatitis in patients exposed to areas endemic for
<it>Rickettsia typhi</it>.
相似文献
8.
P. K. Christensen M.-A. Gall A. Major-Pedersen A. Sato P. Rossing L. Breum 《Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation》2013,73(4):323-332
Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) are at independent risk of cardiovascular death. The reason is only partially understood. The aim of our study was therefore to evaluate the impact of corrected QT interval length (QTc) and QT dispersion (QT-disp) on mortality in a cohort of 324 Caucasian NIDDM patients. A resting 12-lead ECG was recorded at baseline. Maximum (QT-max) and minimum QT (QT-min) intervals were measured, and QT-max was corrected for heart rate (QTc-max). QT-disp was defined as the difference between QT-max and QT-min. QTc-max was 454 (376-671) ms½ (median (range)) and QT-disp 61 (0-240) ms. Prolonged QTc interval (PQTc), defined as QTc-max>440 ms½, was present in 67% of the patients and prolonged QT-disp (PQT-disp), defined as QT-disp>50 ms, was present in 51%. During the 9-year follow-up period, 100 patients died (52 from cardiovascular diseases). Thirty-seven percent of the patients with PQTc died compared with 17% with normal QTc interval (p<0.001). The Cox proportional hazard model, including putative risk factors at baseline, revealed the following independent predictors of all cause mortality; QTc-max (p<0.05), age (p<0.0001), albuminuria (p<0.01), retinopathy (p><0.01), HbA1c (p<0.05), insulin treatment (p<0.01), total cholesterol (p<0.01), serum creatinine (p<0.05) and presence of cardiac heart disease based on Minnesota coded ECG (p<0.001). Whereas QT-disp was not a predictor. QTc-max interval was an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality. Our study showed a high prevalence of QTc and QT-disp abnormalities and indicated that QTc-max but not QT-disp is an independent predictor of all cause and cardiovascular mortality in NIDDM patients. 相似文献
9.
Bergemann A; Karstaedt AS 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(7):499-504
We studied the spectrum of meningitis and impact of HIV infection
retrospectively (8 months) and prospectively (5 months) in 284 adult
patients with meningitis hospitalized in Soweto, South Africa. Tuberculous
meningitis (TBM) was the most common cause of meningitis (25.4%) followed
by acute bacterial meningitis (ABM; 22.5%), acute viral meningitis (14.1%)
and cryptococcal meningitis (13%). The in-hospital mortality was
>40% in TBM, ABM, cryptococcal meningitis, the neurosurgery and the
parameningeal/parenchymal groups. At least 37.3% of all patients were
HIV-seropositive (only 67% of patients were tested). In at least 27% of the
study group the meningitis was an AIDS-defining illness (TBM, cryptococcal
meningitis). Only 56.2% of patients with ABM has positive cultures (CSF or
blood), of which <it>Streptococcus pneumoniae</it> was by far
the most frequently found organism (35.8%). The spectrum of meningitis in
HIV-affected communities in Africa can be expected to change towards a
predominance of TBM and cryptococcal meningitis.
相似文献
10.
Warrell DA; Hudson BJ; Lalloo DG; Trevett AJ; Whitehead P; Bamler PR; Ranaivoson M; Wiyono A; Richie TL; Fryauff DJ; O'Shea MT; Richards AM; Theakston RD 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(7):523-530
The New Guinea small-eyed or Ikaheka snake, <it>Micropechis
ikaheka</it>, which occurs throughout New Guinea and some adjacent
islands, is feared by the indigenes. The first proven human fatality was in
the 1950s and this species has since been implicated in many other cases of
severe and fatal envenoming. Reliable attribution of envenoming to this
species in victims unable to capture or kill the snake recently became
possible by the use of enzyme immunoassay. Eleven cases of proven
envenoming by <it>M. ikaheka</it>, with two fatalities, were
identified in Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya. Five patients showed no
clinical signs of envenoming by other Australasian elapids: mild local
swelling, local lymphadenopathy, neurotoxicity, general myalgia,
spontaneous systemic bleeding, incoagulable blood and passage of dark urine
(haemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria). Two patients developed hypotension and
two died of respiratory paralysis 19 and 38 h after being bitten.
<it>In vitro</it> studies indicate that the venom is rich in
phospholipase A2, is indirectly haemolytic, anticoagulant and inhibits
platelets, but is not procoagulant or fibrinolytic. It shows predominantly
post-synaptic neurotoxic and myotoxic activity. Anecdotally, Commonwealth
Serum Laboratories' (CSL) death adder antivenom has proved ineffective
whereas CSL polyvalent antivenom may be beneficial. Anticholinesterase
drugs might prove effective in improving neuromuscular transmission and
should be tested in patients with neurotoxic envenoming.
相似文献
11.
BackgroundElectric scooters (e-scooters) have become a widespread method of transportation. The purpose of this study is to provide risk stratification tools for modifiable risk factors associated with e-scooter injury morbidity.MethodsPatients at an urban Level 1 Trauma center sustaining e-scooter injuries between November 2017 through March 2020 were identified. Primary outcomes of interest were major trauma, as defined by an Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15, or hospital admission.ResultsA total of 442 patients sustained orthopaedic (51%), facial (31%), cranial (13%), and chest/abdominal injuries (4.5%). Rate of helmet use was 2.5%, hospital admission was 40.7%, and intensive care was 3%. Patients with facial injuries were half as likely to sustain major trauma as compared to orthopaedic injuries (p < 0.05). Factors with higher likelihood of hospital admission included age > 40 years (OR 4.20, p < 0.01), alcohol or other substance intoxication (OR 4.14 and 9.87, p < 0.001), loss of consciousness (OR 2.72, p < 0.003), or transport to the hospital by ambulance (OR 4.47, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThere is a substantial proportion of major trauma within e-scooter injuries. Modifiable risk factors for hospital admission include use of head protection and substance use while riding e-scooters. 相似文献
12.
PurposeInfectious encephalitis (IE) is a severe disease which requires intensive care unit (ICU) admission in up to 50% of cases. We aimed to describe characteristics, management and outcomes of IE patients who required ICU admission.Materials and methodsAncillary study focusing on patients with ICU admission within the ENCEIF cohort, a French prospective observational multicentre study. The primary criteria for outcome was the functional status at hospital discharge, categorized using the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS). Logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for poor outcome, defined as a GOS ≤ 3.ResultsWe enrolled 198 ICU patients with IE. HSV was the primary cause (n = 72, 36% of all IE, 53% of IE with microbiological documentation). Fifty-two patients (26%) had poor outcome at hospital discharge, including 22 deaths (11%). Immunodeficiency, supratentorial focal signs on admission, lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white cells count (<75/mm3), abnormal brain imaging, and time from symptoms onset to acyclovir start >2 days were independent predictors of poor outcome.ConclusionHSV is the primary cause of IE requiring ICU admission. IE patients admitted in ICU have a poor prognosis with 11% of in-hospital mortality and 15% of severe disabilities in survivors at discharge. 相似文献
13.
GOEL S.; DAVENPORT A.; GOODE N.P.; SHIRES M.; HALL C.L.; HARRISON P.R.; MACIVER A.G. 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1995,88(11):785-793
There is considerable disagreement regarding the natural historyof renal disease associated with thin glomerular basement membranes(TGBM). We followed 43 patients (19 male), mean age41.6 years(range 1973) for a mean of 88 months (48140).TGBM was recognized in adults when glomerular basement membranethickness, measured from multiple sites in electronmicrographsof renal biopsy tissue as the harmonic mean, was <320 nm.At presentation, 95% had microscopic haematuria, 12% macroscopichaematuria, 14% loin pain, 28% proteinuria, and 14% hypertension.There was no difference in GBM width between the sexes (male258 nm vs. female 251 nm) but there was a significant negativecorrelation between age and GBM width (r=0.53, p<0.001),with older patients having the thinnest membranes. Twenty sixpatients had ultrathin GBM (<270 nm), of whom 54% had 3$haematuria vs. 12% of the group with BM >270 nm (p<0.01).In the ultrathin group, 71% had loss of anionic charge fromthe GBM, vs. 17% in those with membranes which were thin but>270 nm (p<0.05). Proteinuria occurred more frequentlyin those with GBM >270 nm, 65% vs. 8% in the ultrathin group(p<0.01). Thin GBM were associated with a benign prognosis,as after a mean follow-up of 85 months (48140), therewas no significant change in either serum creatinine or meanarterial blood pressure. Patients with ultrathin GBM had greaterloss ofGBM anionic charge, which might result in both an alterationof flow characteristics within the glomerular capillaries andalso increased fragility of the glomerular basement membranewithlikelihood of rupture and resultant macroscopic haematuria. 相似文献
14.
Smith R; Athanasou NA; Vipond SE 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(6):445-446
Patients with fibrodysplasia (myositis) ossificans progressiva (FOP)
(<it>n</it> = 28) were studied for up to 24 years. All had
characteristic short big toes potentially recognizable at birth; there were
radiographic changes in the toes, thumbs, cervical spine and metaphyses of
the long bones, including exostoses. Ossification in the large skeletal
muscles began from birth to 16 years (mean age 4.6 years) initially in 25
patients in the neck and upper spinal muscles, and later around the hips,
major joints and jaw. The rate and extent of disability was unrelated to
the time of onset. There was no evidence that any form of treatment
produced consistent benefit. Despite the unique combination of skeletal
abnormalities and ectopic ossification, the first diagnosis in patients
with FOP was often wrong and usually delayed after ectopic ossification
began (mean 2.7 years, range 0-14). Except where presentation was unusual,
such as progressive stiffness, this delay was mainly due to failure to
recognize the significance of the abnormal toes. The most frequent
erroneous histological diagnoses were soft tissue sarcoma or fibromatosis.
This series emphasizes the usually incorrect initial diagnosis, the
misinterpretation of the histology, the unpredictable prognosis and the
failure of current treatment. Despite its extreme rarity, there is a need
for wider knowledge of this condition both to avoid clinical errors and to
stimulate research.
相似文献
15.
16.
O. W. Nielsen V. Rasmussen N. J. Christensen J. F. Hansen 《Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation》2013,73(7):619-628
Background: Patients with heart disease are at risk of developing congestive heart failure (CHF). Neurohormonal activation may make an important contribution. Aim: In stable heart patients from primary care, to examine neuroendocrine markers of cardiac performance for the association to cardiac dysfunction, morbidity and mortality. Methods: Plasma N-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide (N-ANP), catecholamines, 24-h ECG and blood pressure, serum urea and creatinine, echocardiography, chest X-ray and physical examination were performed. Death was recorded during 5 to 7 years of follow-up. Results: The study included 56 patients. Mean age was 71 years, 54% were men, 43% had clinical signs of CHF, 39+52+9% were in NYHA I+II+III, 34% had echocardiographic cardiac dysfunction, and 18 died during follow-up. N-ANP was related to all subtypes of cardiac dysfunction (p<0.05). Catecholamines and premature ventricular captures (PVC) were related to valvular and systolic dysfunction, but heart rate variability and dipping blood pressure were not (p>0.05). On multivariate analyses only, N-ANP and PVC were associated with clinical signs of CHF, echocardiographic cardiac dysfunction, and mortality (p<0.05). Conclusions: Plasma N-ANP was stronger than catecholamines and variables of 24-h monitoring (blood pressure and electrocardiogram) in predicting morbidity and mortality, thereby supporting the use of cardiac natriuretic peptides (i.e. N-ANP, BNP, or N-BNP) as the most valuable biomarker in community patients at risk of CHF. 相似文献
17.
Objective To evaluate the usefulness of early transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) goal-directed therapy after severe traumatic brain
injury initiated before invasive cerebral monitoring is available.
Design Prospective, observational clinical study.
Setting Surgical intensive care unit, university hospital.
Patients and participants Twenty-four severely brain-injured patients.
Interventions All patients had TCD measurements immediately on admission (T0) and when invasive cerebral monitoring was available (T1).
TCD was considered abnormal when two out of three measured values were outside the following limits: Vm < 30 cm/s, Vd < 20 cm/s,
PI > 1.4. When admission TCD was abnormal, attending physicians modified treatment to increase cerebral perfusion pressure.
Measurements and results Admission TCD was performed 18 ± 11 min (T0) after admission, whereas cerebral inasive monitoring was available 242 ± 116 min
(T1) after admission. At T0, 11 (46%) patients had abnormal TCD values (group 1) and 13 had normal TCD values (group 2); mean
arterial pressure was comparable between groups. All group 1 patients received mannitol and/or norepinephrine. At T1, mean
arterial pressure was increased compared to admission in group 1 (105 ± 17 mmHg vs. 89 ± 15 mmHg, p < 0.05) and only two patients had still an abnormal TCD. Although group 1 patients had higher intracranial pressure than
those of group 2 (32 ± 13 mmHg vs. 22 ± 10 mmHg, p < 0.01), both cerebral perfusion pressure and jugular venous oxygen saturation were comparable between the groups.
Conclusions The use of TCD at hospital admission allows identification of severely brain-injured patients with brain hypoperfusion. In
such high-risk patients, early TCD goal-directed therapy can restore normal cerebral perfusion and might then potentially
help in reducing the extent of secondary brain injury. 相似文献
18.
The intracranial number of foreign bodies as a predictor of mortality after penetrating brain injury
Introduction
Penetrating brain injury (PBI) is the most lethal form of traumatic brain injury, which is a leading cause of mortality. PBI has a mortality rate of 23%–93% and 87%–100% with poor neurological status. Despite the use of various prognostic factors there is still a need for a specific prognostic factor for early prediction of mortality in PBI to reduce mortality and provide good outcomes with cost-effective surgical treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of the number of intracranial foreign bodies (FBs) on mortality in PBI in the Emergency Department.Methods
The study included 95 patients admitted with PBI caused by barrel bomb explosion. The intracranial number of FB was examined by brain computed tomography. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of the intracranial number of FB on mortality. Correlation analyses were performed to investigate the association of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) with intracranial number of FB.Results
The optimal cut-off value of the intracranial number of FB calculated for mortality was 2, which was effective for predicting mortality (p?<?.001). In patients with >2 intracranial FB, the mortality rate was statistically significantly 51-fold higher than those with ≤2 (p?<?.001). A statistically significant negative correlation was determined between GCS and number FB (r?=??0.697; p?<?.001).Conclusion
When the intracranial number of FB was >2, mortality significantly increased in patients with PBI. The intracranial number of FBs may be considered as a novel prognostic factor for the prediction of mortality in PBI. 相似文献19.
E. Høstmark E. Glattre A.T. Jellum 《Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation》2013,73(6):443-447
Stored sera from healthy persons can be used to study relationships between blood variables at the time of sampling and disease appearing several years later but storage may influence the variables. In this work we measured the concentration of albumin and free fatty acids (FFA) in samples from the JANUS serum bank of Norway. Sera from blood donors and persons participating in health screening programs have been added to the bank since 1973. The concentration of albumin and FFA was measured in 443 JANUS bank sera. The material was divided into quartiles according to the length of storage: < 3 years (n = 110), 3-6 years (n = 110), 6-12 years (n = 115) and > 12 years (n = 108). Albumin was measured colorometrically using the bromcresol green method and FFA was determined enzymatically. The serum albumin concentrations (mean - SEM) in the four groups were 55.8 - 0.6, 56.2 - 0.5, 59.9 - 0.6 and 59.5 - 0.6 g/L. The values of groups 3 and 4 were significantly higher than those of groups 1 and 2 (p< 0.001). The serum FFA concentrations in the four groups were 0.56 - 0.03, 0.64 - 0.03, 0.77 - 0.03 and 0.85 - 0.04 mmol/L, i.e. a significant storage effect. The Scheffe´multiple comparison test showed that FFA values in groups 3 and 4 were significantly higher than those in groups 1 and 2 (p< 0.001 for group 4 vs. 1 and 2, and 3 vs. 1; p< 0.04 for group 3 vs. 2). Serum FFA and albumin levels were positively associated (r = 0.489, p< 0.001). Using linear regression analysis, it was estimated that serum albumin values increased by 0.28 g/L per year (i.e. 0.5%) and FFA by 0.02 mmol/L (i.e. 3.8%). Thus, measured by standard methods, serum FFA and albumin could increase in response to several years of storage at ° - 25 C. It is suggested that the storage time dependent increase in FFA is due to FFA liberation from lipoprotein triglycerides, whereas the apparent increase in albumin concentration possibly could be attributed to an unfolding of the protein, allowing more bromcresol green to be bound. 相似文献
20.
Trichinella infection and clinical disease 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Clausen MR; Meyer CN; Krantz T; Moser C; Gomme G; Kayser L; Albrectsen J; Kapel CM; Bygbjerg IC 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(8):631-636
Trichinellosis is caused by ingestion of insufficiently cooked meat
contaminated with infective larvae of <it>Trichinella</it>
species. The clinical course is highly variable, ranging from no apparent
infection to severe and even fatal disease. We report two illustrative
cases of trichinellosis. Returning to Denmark a few days after having eaten
roasted pork in the Republic of Serbia, a female patient suffered from
severe vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhoea, and later myalgia, generalized
oedema, and prostration. A biopsy showed heavy infestation with
<it>Trichinella spiralis</it>, 2000 larvae/g of muscle.
Life-threatening cardiopulmonary, renal and central nervous system
complications developed. The patient recovered after several months. Her
husband, who also ate the pork, did not have clinical symptoms, but an
increased eosinophil count and a single larva in a muscle biopsy confirmed
infection. The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment
and prevention of trichinellosis are reviewed.
相似文献