氯磺化聚乙烯的改性

研究了用机械共混法制备氯磺化聚乙烯／ 丁苯橡胶互穿网络聚合物（ＣＳＰＥ／ＳＢＲ－ ＩＰＮ） 。并用力学方法研究了它们的力学性能与组分比的关系。结果表明,在一定的组分比范围内,ＩＰＮ 中出现了力学性能的协同效应,这是网络互穿造成的“强迫互容”所致。橡胶通过简单的机械共混,经分别交联可以形成较为理想的ＩＰＮ 型复合材料。     

氯磺化聚乙烯/SBR共混物的研究

用机械共混法制备了具有互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）结构的氯磺化聚乙烯（ＣＳＭ）／ＳＢＲ共混物。研究了共混组分、混炼温度和混炼时间对共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明,当ＣＳＭ／ＳＢＲ的共混比为２０／８０时,共混物的扯断伸长率达到最佳值;共混比为８０／２０时拉伸强度达到最大值;共混条件以７０℃×１０ｍｉｎ为宜。橡胶通过简单的机械共混,经分别交联后可形成较理想的非典型ＩＰＮ复合材料。     

用于宽温域阻尼涂料LIPN表观动力学的研究

利用重量分析法研究了ＬＩＰＮ ＰＳ／ＰＢＡ ＬＩＰＮ ＰＢＡ／ＰＳ、ＬＩＰＮ ＰＥＡ／ＰＳ等反应过程的表观动力学，考察了不同种子，交联剂用量，对各步反应速度的影响，测定了各步反应的活化能，初步探讨了ＬＩＰＮ合成过程的表面动力学规律。     

IPN胶粘剂

本文简要叙述了ＩＰＮ胶粘剂的特点，早期ＩＰＮ胶粘剂的品种以及聚氨酯ＩＰＮ胶粘剂的制备、性能、特点和应用范围。     

HIPS生产过程的“相转变”与产品性能

系统论述了ＨＩＰＳ（高抗冲聚苯乙烯）生产时相转变的过程，影响相转变的因素以及相转变对ＨＩＰＳ微观结构和产品性能的影响。     

聚氨酯／乙炮基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络结构与性能的研究

通过同步法制备了一系列聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物，研究了ＰＵ／ＶＥＲ－ＩＰＮ性能的影响因素。结果表明：随着ＰＵ含量的增加，ＩＰＮ的热稳定性能有一定程度的提高；而ＶＥＲ的含量增加，ＰＵ／ＶＥＲ－ＩＰＮ的剪切强度提高。实验还发现：当ＰＵ／ＶＥＲ－ＩＰＮ为部分相容的多相微区结构时，对增加ＩＰＮ的力学损耗更有利。     

互穿聚合物网络在汽车涂料中的应用

互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）是由二种线型聚合物交联而成，已在许多领域获应用，尤其用其提高汽车涂层的性能效果好。阐述了ＩＰＮ在汽车面漆和底漆中的应用，并介绍了几种ＩＰＮ汽车面漆和底漆配制的实例。     

聚氨酯/聚苯乙烯互穿网络聚合物的性能特征讨论

介绍了具有网络交联键的互穿网络聚合物（ＩＰＮ）及其合成与表征方法，讨论了聚氨酯（ＰＵ）与聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）合成的ＩＰＮ的性能特征。结果表明，具有网络交联键的ＩＰＮ力学性能、动态力学性能都随交联密度的增大而改善，而其透气性和热解性能则随交联密度的增大而下降     

环氧聚氨酯—烯类聚合物互穿网络防腐蚀涂料

研制的环氧聚氨酯－烯类聚合物互穿网络（ＩＰＮ）防腐蚀涂料是由组分Ｉ（苯乙烯－丙烯腈聚合物）和组分Ⅱ（环氧聚氨酯）组成的，具有良好的防腐蚀性和附着力，可用于多种设备和设施的防腐蚀。介绍了该涂料的制法。讨论了组分Ⅱ的诸种因素对ＩＰＮ性能的影响。列举了ＩＰＮ涂层的性能指标。     

聚氨酯/乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络结构与性能的研究

通过同步法制备了一系列聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物（ＰＵ／ＶＥＲ－ＩＰＮ）,研究了ＰＵ／ＶＥＲＩＰＮ性能的影响因素。结果表明：随着ＰＵ含量的增加,ＩＰＮ的热稳定性能有一定程度的提高;而ＶＥＲ的含量增加,ＰＵ／ＶＥＲ－ＩＰＮ的剪切强度提高。实验还发现：当ＰＵ／ＶＥＲ－ＩＰＮ为部分相容的多相微区结构时,对增加ＩＰＮ的力学损耗更有利     

Characteristics of simultaneous epoxy-novolac full interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) adhesive

In this investigation, an attempt has been made on the synthesis of epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive simultaneously by using full interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) technique. Novolac resin is mixed in different weight ratios with respect to epoxy resin. Thereafter, both the resins are cross-linked with their respective cross linker agents simultaneously. This epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive is characterized by various studies such as swelling; cross-link density; dynamic mechanical and thermal analysis and fourier transform inferred spectroscopy (FTIR). The swelling study reveals that the epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive is synthesized through full IPN technique successfully. The cross-link density result shows that epoxy- novolac (4:1) IPN adhesive has greater interpenetration than other epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive systems. Dynamic mechanical and thermal analysis (DMTA) result exhibits that epoxy-novolac (4:1) IPN adhesive is stiffer than another epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive system. The result of FTIR proves that epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive undergoes simultaneously. The results of all these characterization techniques conclude that epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive system with 4:1 ratio is considered to be the best IPN adhesive compared to others epoxy-novolac IPN adhesive systems.     

Electroactive characteristics of interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)

An interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) was prepared by the sequential IPN method. The equilibrium swelling ratio and bending behavior under electric fields of the IPN hydrogel were measured in an aqueous NaCl solution. The IPN exhibited a high equilibrium swelling ratio, in the range 280–380%. When the IPN in aqueous NaCl solution was subjected to an electric field, the IPN showed significant and quick bending toward the cathode. The IPN hydrogel also showed stepwise bending behavior, depending on the electric stimulus. In addition, the ionic conductivity of the IPN hydrogel was measured using dielectric analysis, and its conductive behavior followed the Arrhenius equation. The conductivity of the IPN hydrogel and the activation energy for the form of the IPN were 1.68 × 10^?5 S/cm at 36°C and 61.0 kJ/mol, respectively. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 890–894, 2003     

互穿网络聚合物水凝胶的制备及其吸附研究进展

互穿网络聚合物(IPN)水凝胶在分离技术领域具有广泛的应用前景,这些年受到人们广泛关注.本文介绍了聚多糖基(壳聚糖、海藻酸、淀粉和其他聚多糖)、蛋白质基(明胶、胶原蛋白、丝纤蛋白和大豆蛋白)和合成聚合物基(非离子型和离子型)IPN水凝胶的制备方法,主要包括同步-IPN、分步-IPN和半-IPN的制备方法.为了提高聚合物水凝胶的生物相容性、溶胀率和机械强度,采用天然高分子与合成高分子共混制备IPN水凝胶.与单网络水凝胶相比,IPN水凝胶对染料和重金属离子的吸附速率快、吸附容量大.为了达到选择性吸附和提高水凝胶的比表面积,制备离子印迹IPN水凝胶和多孔IPN复合冷冻凝胶,是未来研究高效吸附IPN水凝胶的发展方向之一.     

环氧树脂胶粘剂的丙烯酸丁酯增韧研究

利用丙烯酸丁酯（nBA）以IPN（互穿网络法）增韧环氧树脂胶粘剂,分别通过SEM（扫描电镜）、DMA（动态粘弹谱）和TG（热重法）等方法对所合成的改性胶粘剂作了分析研究。结果如下：两种IPN体系的SEM照片说明,IPN方法可以增韧环氧树脂,并且丙烯酸丁酯含量为10％时,IPN体系的相容性较好;通过DMA分别测得两种IPN体系中环氧树脂的疋（玻璃化转变温度）,发现它们均不同程度地发生内移,表明IPN法可以增加环氧树脂与聚丙烯酸丁酯的相容性;两种IPN体系的TG曲线说明,IPN体系中环氧树脂的初始分解温度提高,并且在失重百分比相同的情况下,IPN体系的温度高于纯环氧树脂体系,同时IPN体系的完全分解温度提高。由此可见,IPN体系中在热稳定性方面环氧树脂与聚丙烯酸丁酯可以发挥明显的协同效应,从而提高了环氧树脂的耐热性能。     

Electric stimuli responses to poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel in NaCl solutions

An interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan exhibited electric‐sensitive behavior. The PVA/chitosan IPN hydrogel was synthesized by an ultraviolet (UV) irradiation method that is used in several biomedical and industrial fields. The swelling behavior of the PVA/chitosan IPN hydrogel was studied by immersion of the gel in NaCl aqueous solutions at various concentrations. The swelling ratio decreased with increasing concentration of NaCl solution. The stimuli response of the IPN hydrogel in electric fields was also investigated. When a swollen PVA/chitosan IPN was placed between a pair of electrodes, the IPN exhibited bending behavior in response to the applied electric field. The bending angle and the bending speed of the PVA/chitosan IPN increased with increasing applied voltage and concentration of NaCl aqueous solution. The PVA/chitosan IPN also showed stepwise bending behavior depending on the electric stimulus. In addition, thermal properties of PVA/chitosan IPN were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric analysis (DEA). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2285–2289, 2002     

Preparation of alginate/poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) semi‐interpenetrating and fully interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels with γ‐ray irradiation and their swelling behaviors

Semi‐interpenetrating polymer network (semi‐IPN) and fully interpenetrating polymer network (full‐IPN) hydrogels composed of alginate and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) were prepared with γ‐ray irradiation. The semi‐IPN hydrogels were prepared through the irradiation of a mixed solution composed of alginate and N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer to simultaneously achieve the polymerization and self‐crosslinking of NIPAAm. The full‐IPN hydrogels were formed through the immersion of the semi‐IPN film in a calcium‐ion solution. The results for the swelling and deswelling behaviors showed that the swelling ratio of semi‐IPN hydrogels was higher than that of full‐IPN hydrogels. A semi‐IPN hydrogel containing more alginate exhibited relatively rapid swelling and deswelling rates, whereas a full‐IPN hydrogel showed an adverse tendency. All the hydrogels with NIPAAm exhibited a change in the swelling ratio around 30–40°C, and full‐IPN hydrogels showed more sensitive and reversible behavior than semi‐IPN hydrogels under a stepwise stimulus. In addition, the swelling ratio of the hydrogels continuously increased with the pH values, and the swelling processes were proven to be repeatable with pH changes. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4439–4446, 2006     

Characteristics of electrical responsive chitosan/polyallylamine interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel

An interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel composed of chitosan and polyallylamine exhibited electric‐sensitive behavior. The chitosan/polyallylamine IPN hydrogel was synthesized by radical polymerization using 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone (DMPAP) and methylene bisacrylicamide (MBAAm) as initiator and crosslinker, respectively. The swelling behavior of the IPN was studied by immersion of the gel samples in aqueous NaCl solutions at various concentrations and pHs. The swelling ratio decreased with increasing concentration and pH of electrolyte solution. The stimuli response of the IPN hydrogel in electric fields was also investigated. When a swollen the IPN was placed between a pair of electrodes, the IPN exhibited bending behavior in response to the applied electric field. The IPN also showed stepwise bending behavior depending on the electric stimulus. In addition, thermal properties of the IPN were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric analysis (DEA). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2290–2295, 2002     

p(AAm/TA)‐based IPN hydrogel films with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for biomedical applications

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN), either semi‐IPN (s‐IPN) or full IPN, based on a natural polymer tannic acid (TA) and synthetic poly(acrylamide) (p(AAm)) were prepared by incorporation of TA during p(AAm) hydrogel film preparation with and without crosslinking of TA simultaneously. The synthesis of p(AAm/TA) s‐IPN and IPN hydrogels with different amounts of TA were prepared by concurrent use of redox polymerization and epoxy crosslinking. The p(AAm)‐based hydrogels were completely degraded at 37.5°C within 9 and 2 days at pHs 7.4 and 9, respectively. Biocompatibility of p(AAm), s‐IPN, and IPN were tested with WST assay and double staining, they had 75% cell viability up to almost 20 μg mL^?1 concentration against L929 fibroblast cell. Antioxidant properties of IPN and s‐IPN hydrogels were investigated with FC and ABTS^? methods. Antimicrobial properties of TA‐containing s‐IPN, and IPN hydrogels were determined against three common bacterial strains, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and it was found that p(AAm/TA)‐based s‐IPN and IPN hydrogels are effective antimicrobial and antioxidant materials. Moreover, almost up to day‐long linear TA release profiles were obtained from IPN and s‐IPN hydrogels in phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 at 37.5°C. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41876.     

Enhanced adsorption properties of interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels for heavy metal ion removal

In this study, sequential interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels based on poly(polyethylene glycol diacrylate) poly(PEGDA) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) were prepared with enhanced adsorption properties for heavy metal ion removal. The swelling behavior and mechanical property of the IPN hydrogels were characterized. It was found that swelling ratio increased, and mechanical strength decreased with the PMAA content in the IPN. The IPN hydrogels were used to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution under the non-competitive condition. The effects of pH values of the feed solution at the range of 3–5 and PMAA content in the IPN on the adsorption capacity were investigated. The results indicated that the adsorption capacity of the IPN hydrogels increased with the pH values and PMAA content in the IPN. Furthermore, the synergistic complexation of metal ions with two polymer networks in the IPN was found in the adsorption studies. Regeneration studies suggested that metal rebinding capacity of the IPN hydrogels did not change significantly through repeated applications compared with the first run. It was concluded that the poly(PEGDA)/PMAA hydrogels could be used as fast-responsive, high capacity, and renewable sorbent materials in heavy metal removing processes.     

Preparation and characterization of a positive thermoresponsive hydrogel for drug loading and release

A positive thermoresponsive hydrogel composed of poly(acrylic acid)‐graft‐β‐cyclodextrin (PAAc‐g‐β‐CD) and polyacrylamide (PAAm) was synthesized with the sequential interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) method for the purpose of improving its loading and release of drugs. The structure and properties of the PAAc‐g‐β‐CD/PAAm hydrogel (IPN hydrogel) were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and swelling measurements. FTIR studies showed that the IPN hydrogel was primarily composed of an IPN of PAAc‐g‐β‐CD and PAAm. The data from DSC and swelling measurements indicated that the phase‐transition temperature or upper critical solution temperature (UCST) of the IPN hydrogel was approximately 35°C. Through the measurement of the temperature dependence of the swelling, increases in the UCST and non‐sensitivity to changes in the salt concentration were observed for the IPN hydrogel versus the normal IPN hydrogel poly(acrylic acid)/PAAm (without β‐cyclodextrin). Furthermore, the swelling/deswelling kinetics of the IPN hydrogel also exhibited an improved controllable response rate versus the normal IPN hydrogel. Ibuprofen (IBU) was chosen as the model drug for examining loading and release from the IPN hydrogel. The experimental data proved that the IPN hydrogel provided a positive drug release pattern; the IBU released faster at 37°C than at 25°C, and improved drug loading and controlled release were achieved by the IPN hydrogel versus the normal IPN hydrogel. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009