Effect of N on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Ti-6Al alloy

Duetotheirhighspecificstrength,goodcorrosionresistance,goodhightemperatureproperties,titanium andtitaniumalloysareconsideredidealmaterialsforspace,oil,chemicalandmedicalindustries[1-3].They alsohavepotentialapplicationintheautomobileindus try[4-7].Titaniu…     

晶粒大小对AZ31镁合金绝热剪切敏感性的影响

为了研究晶粒尺寸对镁合金绝热剪切敏感性的影响,采用等通道转角挤压(ECAP)技术对AZ31镁合金进行了不同程度的晶粒细化并采用分离式Hopkinson压杆对细化后的AZ31镁合金试样进行了动态剪切试验.采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和维氏硬度计,分别对冲击压缩后的AZ31镁合金试样进行了组织观察和硬度测试.结果表明,晶粒越小,AZ31镁合金的绝热剪切敏感性越弱.在对绝热剪切带及其周围组织进行维氏硬度测量时发现,剪切带内细小晶粒区的硬度明显高于其周围组织的硬度.     

脉冲电流对Ti-6Al-4V合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

采用组织观察、性能检测、断口分析等方法研究了脉冲电流对Ti-6Al-4V合金显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,脉冲电流使试样瞬间急速升温、产生较高的热压应力,并发生α→β相变,随后试样快速降温冷却发生β→α′相变。由于急速升温和快速冷却,新相的形核率增加且无充足时间长大,使合金的显微组织细化,而相变和组织细化导致了合金力学性能提高和电阻率变化。适当优化电脉冲处理工艺参数可使Ti-6Al-4V合金的综合力学性能明显提高。通过测量电阻变化可间接表征电脉冲处理后材料微观组织结构的变化程度。     

氮对Ti-6Al合金的铸态组织与性能的影响

采用熔铸工艺制备了w(N)=0.045~0.27%的原位自生氮化物增强钛铝基复合材料.分析测试了该材料的铸态组织和合金的力学性能.研究结果表明:在Ti-6A l的合金中,当w(N)=0.045~0.27%时,随着氮质量分数的增加,增强体的体积分数有所增加.Ti-6A l-xN中的氮化物较为细小.复合材料的硬度、抗压强度和弹性模量均高于Ti-6A l合金.随着氮质量分数增加材料的抗压强度、硬度和弹性模量增加.由压缩断口分析可知,基体为韧性断裂.随着氮质量分数增加,合金由韧窝 解理断口向具有解理特征的脆性断裂转变.     

热处理对Zr-4合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响

为探讨不同显微组织对核燃料包壳管Zr-4合金力学性能的影响,对Zr-4合金进行了再结晶退火,960℃、4min淬火,960℃、4min淬火＋400℃、18h回火的工艺处理,并分析了Zr-4合金的显微组织和拉伸性能.试验结果表明：再结晶退火态的Zr-4合金组织为等轴α晶;拉伸断裂形式呈韧性断裂,断口以韧窝为主,韧窝底部不存在第二相粒子;经960℃、4min淬火后,显微组织为板条状马氏体,抗拉强度达到635MPa,断口形式属于脆性断裂;回火后显微组织与淬火后相同.     

不同温度下AZ31镁合金绝热剪切变形局域化

为了了解镁合金在不同温度高应变率载荷作用下发生变形局域化的特点,进而揭示镁合金在高速冲击载荷作用下发生绝热剪切的特殊规律,采用分离式Hopkinson压杆对挤压态AZ31镁合金进行了常温及高温的高速冲击压缩试验,而后对不同温度冲击后的试样通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜进行变形机制的分析.结果表明:常温下试样在受到剪切力后,在剪切区的裂纹周围产生了大量的孪晶;高温下试样的剪切区内产生了明显的绝热剪切带,并且在剪切带周围发现了大量平行的孪晶.在TEM下观察到剪切带内为等轴晶晶粒,在剪切区内发生了动态再结晶过程.     

薄板铝合金的CMT焊接工艺

为了解决利用传统焊接方法焊接铝合金时容易造成生产效率低、焊接变形大以及夹钨、裂纹、气孔等缺陷,对6082-T6铝合金进行了冷金属过渡焊,并确定了最佳焊接工艺参数.利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析仪和X射线衍射仪对铝合金的焊缝成型、显微组织与相组成进行了分析.利用维氏显微硬度计和万能拉伸试验机测量了焊接接头的硬度和拉伸力学性能.结果表明,在最佳焊接工艺参数下6082-T6铝合金焊缝成型良好,其焊缝组织主要由α-Al固溶体组成.焊接接头的拉伸断裂位置处于热影响区,其最高拉伸强度约为母材的61%,拉伸断口形貌为塑性断口.     

Ti-6Al-2Zr-15Ni合金固溶过程中Ti2Ni相的形貌变化

利用光镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射术观察和分析了Ti-6Al-2Zr-15Ni合金在不同温度固溶处理后的显微组织．该合金的铸态组织由枝晶和枝晶间共晶组成,枝晶为Ti2Ni纤维和仅基体组成的共析组织,枝晶间共晶由棒状α相和Ti2Ni基体组成．固溶处理时Ti2Ni相的形貌和尺寸发生了明显变化．850℃以下固溶,随固溶温度的升高,纤维状的Ti2Ni发生了熔断,粒化和粗化等过程．900℃固溶时,枝晶内仪相转变为β相,Ti2Ni溶解,枝晶间α/Ti：Ni共晶组织转变为半连续Ti2Ni相分布于晶界．随温度的升高,晶界Ti2Ni球化,并在960℃时发生多边化,970℃时多边形Ti2Ni的棱角钝化．     

Effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Fracture Toughness of Friction Welded Joint

The effect of post weld heat treatment on the microstructure and fracture toughness of friction welded joints of Ti-6.5Al-1Mo-1V-2Zr alloy was studied. The experimental results show that equiaxial grains were formed at the center of the weld metal while highly deformed grains were observed in the thermomechanically affected zone. The fracture toughness of the weld metal was lower than that of the thermomechanically affected zone under as-weld and post weld heat treatment conditions. With increasing temperature of post weld heat treatment, the fracture toughness of weld center and thermomechanically affected zone increased. The fractographic observation revealed that the friction welded joints fractured in a ductile mode.     

TiA(l)-10Nb合金铸态组织演化规律的研究

研究Ti-(44～54)Al-10Nb合金铸态组织的演化规律,并确定全β凝固的TiAl-10Nb合金的成分范围.实验结果表明:Ti-(44～53)Al-10Nb合金的凝固组织为典型的柱状晶组织,Ti-54Al-10Nb合金的宏观组织为等轴组织;在其凝固组织(纵截面)上部存在较多的缩松,这主要是由于Nb元素的添加量加多,...     

Effects of microstructures on the deformation and fracture behaviors of TiAl-based alloys

The fracture toughnessK _Ic, the tensile deformation and fracture behaviors of different microstructures ofγ-TiAl based alloy, Ti-33Al-3Cr-0.5Mo] were studied at room temperature. It is found that theK _Ic value is lower in the duplex microstructure, and increases with the increase of vol pct of the lamellar microstructure, and that the full lamellar has the highestK _Ic value. Cleavage was the dominant fracture mechanism in the duplex microstructure material. In contrast, for the full lamellar microstructure the high anisotropy of deformation and the large strain discontinuity at grain boundaries resulting in decohesion of grain boundaries are the main fracture processes. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Advanced Materials Committee of China Synopsis of the first author Chen Xiaoqun, associated professor, born in Jan. 1965, current research fields: physical metallurgy of high-temperature structural intermetallic compounds.     

半固态温度区电磁搅拌对Al-25%Si合金显微组织影响

在半固态温度区域对Al-25％Si合金施加电磁搅拌,从组织形貌上看,随搅拌时间的延长初晶Si的边角逐渐钝化;初晶Si的分布变得更均匀．搅拌时间为30min时,初晶Si微观形貌最圆整,分布最均匀．金属型抗拉试棒断口基本上为解理性断口,半固态铸造合金试棒断口中出现了较多的韧性断裂区带和韧窝．     

Investigation on the Tensile Properties and Fracture Characteristics of Amorphous Ribbons Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05

Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05非晶带材的拉伸性能和断裂特征研究

创新点说明：

本文采用单辊甩带法制备出的 Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05非晶合金带材,采用差热分析法（DSC）、X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)研究了 Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05非晶带材的微观组织及晶化过程,并使用INSTRON E3000电子万能材料试验机研究了非晶带材的力学性能。

1）Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05非晶薄带自由面与贴辊面的微观结构差异较大,自由面光洁平整,而贴辊面粗糙不平且有孔洞等缺陷。

2）对Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05非晶带材的力学性能研究表明,非晶带材内部应力分布严重不均匀,在拉伸过程中始终处于弹性变形阶段,Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05非晶带材的常温抗拉强度可达2000 MPa,弹性模量低于铁基合金材料。

3）对非晶薄带试样断口进行分析,非晶薄带试样断裂后断裂表面具有韧性断裂的韧窝特征。一般Fe-B-Si非晶带材脆性大,而Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05非晶带材具有一定的塑性。

关键词：Fe81.50B1.40Si7.95Nb7.37Cu1.73P0.05合金,拉伸强度,韧性,脆断,熔体旋淬法,韧窝

     

高温高应变率下AM60B镁合金力学性能及失效行为

为了研究镁合金在高温、高应变速率下的变形行为及失效机制,采用分离式Hopkinson压杆在应变速率为1 600~4 500 s^-1、温度为27~150 ℃范围内,对真空压铸AM60B镁合金进行了动态压缩实验,并采用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对压缩后的组织进行了观察.结果表明:在所测试的应变范围内,随着应变率的提高,应力-应变曲线均呈现上升趋势,且最大应变也随之增加,表现出正应变率强化效应.在150 ℃时真空压铸AM60B镁合金变形能力最好; 50 ℃时断裂强度最高.真空压铸AM60B镁合金在高温及高应变率下的断裂方式为以解理断裂为主并伴有韧性断裂的混合断裂方式.当变形温度低于150 ℃时,真空压铸AM60B镁合金在高应变率压缩下的变形机制主要是滑移.     

Fracture toughness of multiphase TiAl-Nb alloy in situ consolidated by spark plasma sintering

A fine-grained TiAl alloy with a composition of Ti-45Al-5Nb-1.5Cr-0.2W (mole fraction, %) with multiphases was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and heat-treating at 1 100 °C for 48 h. The relationship among sintering temperature, microstructure and fracture toughness were investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical testing. The results show that microstructure of the bulk alloy depends on the sintering temperature strongly, and the main phase TiAl and few phases Ti₃Al and niobium solid solution (Nbss) are observed in the SPS bulk samples. In the heat-treatment condition, the lamellar and Nbss phase can provide significant toughening by plastic strengthening, interface decohension, crack branch and crack bridge mechanisms. The fracture mode of the SPS TiAl composite samples is intergranular rupture and cleavage fracture.     

07MnNiCrMoVDR钢焊缝组织与低温冲击韧性分析

采用SMAW焊接工艺焊接低合金高强度07MnNiCrMoVDR钢获得焊接接头,通过焊缝显微组织观察、冲击断口分析、焊缝低温冲击试验,研究了07MnNiCrMoVDR钢焊缝组织与低温冲击韧性。结果表明,焊缝组织由沿晶界分布的先共析铁素体、晶内的针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体构成,针状铁素体以微夹杂物为核心生长。温度为－40 ℃时,不同部位焊缝冲击吸收功随试样截取深度的增大而减小;与近表面处相比,1/2厚度处焊缝冲击吸收功损失约67%,在1/4厚度处,焊缝冲击吸收功随着温度的降低而降低;焊缝的低温冲击韧性符合要求。焊缝冲击断口的表面由凹凸不平变得比较平整,断口的微观形貌由韧窝花样变成解理河流花样。     

Alloying elements characterization in a Ti-5.6Al-4.8Sn-2Zr-1Mo-0.35Si-1Nd titanium alloy by carbon addition

The effects of carbon addition (0.01wt%-0.43wt%) on a Ti-5.6Al-4.8Sn-2Zr-1Mo-0.35Si-1Nd (wt%) alloy with a bimodal microstructure were investigated. Electron probe microanalysis was carried out to examine the partitioning behavior of carbon and the relation of carbon content to the distributions of Al and Mo in the primary α phase (αp) and β transformed structure (β). It was found that interstitial carbon is enriched in the αp phase and its content slightly reduces with the increase of the volume fraction of αp.The measurements of carbon content in the present alloy with an αp of 15vo1% showed that the carbon content in the αp phase increases with the increment of carbon addition until a maximum but keeps almost constant in the β phase. The addition of carbon reduces the solubility of Al and Mo in the αp phase and leads to the increment of Mo partitioning to the β phase. When the carbon content is over 0.17wt% (0.67at%), carbide precipitation occurs in the matrix and its volume fraction is related to the volume fraction of αp which can be explained in term of the difference of carbon solubility in the αp and β phases.     

TC21两相钛合金片层组织的静态球化行为

对锻态TC21合金在两相区内进行热处理,研究了其片状组织的静态球化行为。结果表明：两相区内随着固溶温度的升高,α相球化率增加的同时其体积含量迅速减少,固溶时间的延长有利于组织的均匀化,但对提高球化率的作用不大;固溶后随着冷却速度的降低α相的球化率增加,TC21合金经925℃保温2h慢冷后α相的球化率达到95％以上。对α相静态球化的原因分析表明：晶界α相自身的形成特点是其球化的根本原因,其与晶内初生α片交接处的存在对晶界α相的球化有一定贡献;晶内α片的球化是一个片状组织粗化的过程,依靠片层界面缺陷处的溶质原子迁移进行。     

Influence of Asymmetric Monotonic Hot Rolling on Microstructures and Mechanical Property of Microalloyed Steel

For refining grain and obtaining excellent properties, the experiments of asymmetric and symmetric monotonic hot rolling were carried out to investigate the role of shear strain on the microstructures and mechanical properties of V-microalloyed steel. The study demonstrates that the gradient ferrite distribution and dispersive pearlite through the sheet thickness are observed in asymmetric rolled specimen, and the homogeneous microstructure with ferrite and large pearlite is found in symmetric rolled specimen. The average grain size in asymmetric rolled specimen is smaller than the one in symmetric rolled specimen. The styles of precipitate morphology in asymmetric rolled specimen are random precipitate and obvious interphase precipitate, while the ones in symmetric rolled specimen are random precipitate and unobvious interphase precipitate. The additional shear strain results in the microstructure difference between asymmetric rolled specimen and symmetric rolled specimen. The impact energy of asymmetric rolled specimen, 58 J, is more than the one of symmetric rolled specimen, 48 J. Both deflection-energy curve and fracture morphology show that the fracture style of asymmetric rolled specimen is ductile, and the ones of symmetric rolled specimen are brittle and ductile.     

Mg-Al合金非平衡凝固共晶组织及形成机理

为了研究Mg-Al合金非平衡凝固组织,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、x-射线衍射仪以及拉伸性能测试,分析了金属型铸造Mg-x%Al(x=8、10、12)合金的铸态组织.结果表明,Mg-x%Al(x=8、10、12)合金的铸态组织由α固溶体、沿晶界分布共晶组织及其附近的次生相所组成,共晶组织以β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂为基且其上分布着粒状α相,次生β相与α固溶体以片层相间的形式出现.采用金属型铸造,实验合金的冷却速度较快,先形成离异共晶的β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂相,后形成以β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂为基的共晶组织.该组织为类似于铁碳合金中莱氏体的非规则共晶体,强度和塑性很低,因此,Mg-x%Al(x=8、10、12)合金的力学性能普遍较低.