环球动物趣闻

<正>傻傻乌龟爱排队地点:奥利利维也纳Haus des Meeres-Aqua Terra动物园众所周知,乌龟行动缓慢。除此之外,它们还很爱"排队"哦!不信的话,请看奥地利一群搞笑乌龟的现身说法。起初,3只乌龟排着队过独木桥。突然,领头的那只乌龟不知为何来了个"急刹车",后面的两只乌龟来不及反应,继续向前,全挤在了第一只乌龟的背上。更有趣的是,后面竟然又有几只不明真相的乌龟跟上来,在独木桥上排成了"一条龙",把围观的游客们逗得哈哈大笑。     

乌龟尿液主要成分测定及其抑菌效果研究

为了初步解释乌龟尿液抑菌的机理,我们建立了若干乌龟模型,分别取不同的乌龟尿液测定其中12种主要成分的含量并对其抑菌效果进行了实验研究.发现不同乌龟个体尿液中主要成分存在一定的变化,同时其对应的抑菌效果也随之变化,通过分析发现只有尿液中尿酸含量的变化和抑菌圈面积的变化存在显著正相关关系,揭示出尿酸可能是乌龟尿样中的主要抑菌成分.     

淘气小贴士

<正>鳄鱼:饿死了,咦!前方有只乌龟,它是我的午餐了。哈哈!鳄鱼一口咬了上去。乌龟:啊!救命!放开我!鳄鱼:我偏不放。乌龟听后,十分生气,180度旋转,看看我的龟龟神踢。乌龟一下子将鳄鱼的牙踢掉了好几颗。鳄鱼:啊!我的牙!555乌龟:去补牙吧,嘻嘻——(广州李婉莹)     

乌龟的电磁学研究

根据余新何教授提出乌龟长寿与新陈代谢以及乌龟结构,成分有关的论述,对乌龟干壳与活体 进行了电磁学研究,包括化学成份;显微结构,电磁辐射,磁敏及磁化率等项目的研究。     

乌龟的电磁学研究

根据余新何教授提出乌龟长寿与新陈代谢以及乌龟结构,成分有关的论述,对乌龟干壳与活体进行了电磁学研究,包括化学成份;显微结构,电磁辐射,磁敏及磁化率等项目的研究。     

乌龟与鳖的生物学及其人工养殖

乌龟(Chinemys reevsii)又名金龟、草龟。鳖或中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)又名甲鱼、团鱼。乌龟在我国分布较广,如长江流域,河南、山东、河北、陕西、四川、云南、广东、广西等;朝鲜、日本也有分布。在安徽、江苏、浙江、广东、云南、台湾、海南岛等地还较广地分布着一种水龟(Clemmys mutica)。其区别是:乌龟头后端具小鳞,而水龟头部光滑无鳞(图1)。乌龟的背     

乌龟白细胞发育过程的观察

通过对乌龟骨髓、脾脏、肝脏等几种组织涂片的观察研究,发现骨髓与脾脏是乌龟的主要造血器官;白细胞的发育过程大致经过三个阶段,即原始阶段、幼稚阶段、成熟阶段。着重描述了各个阶段细胞的形态特征,并对乌龟白血细胞的发育及命名等问题作了初步探讨。     

绿毛乌龟毛的光镜和扫道电镜观察

绿毛乌龟是江浙一带的观赏动物,它身上的背部长满绿油油的细毛,当乌龟爬动时,身上的细毛也随之在水中漂动,乌龟静止不动并将头缩回壳内,身上的绿毛好似一个小小的绿色绒球漂在水中。引起人们很大兴趣,究竟乌龟身上是否长了绿毛,它的超微结构又如何,没有人报告过,本文就此问题加以研究。     

环境温度和食物种类对乌龟幼仔生长和消化的影响

本文报道了不同环境温度和食物种类对一龄乌龟和二龄乌龟生长率、摄食量、消化率以及食物消化时间的影响。结果表明:随温度升高 (20℃→30℃),幼龟生长率、摄食量逐渐增加;一龄乌龟消化率随温度升高逐渐降低;但二龄乌龟的消化率在各温级间基本保持一致。食物消化时间与温度呈直线负相关。温度、食物种类和动物大小对幼龟食物脂肪消化率影响不显著。食物种类和动物大小对生长率、消化率的影响程度随温度而变,但对食物消化时间没有显著影响。     

乌龟Sox gene的PCR扩增及其条件

参照人SRY gene HMG-box保守区的序列,设计一对引物,扩增了乌龟的Sox gene,并对扩增条件进行了优化。结果显示乌龟Sox gene的扩增片段与人SRY gene扩增片段大小相同,为220bp左右,且雌雄个体间无差异;最佳扩增条件为：Mg^2 2.0mM、dNTP120μM、引物0.3μM及退火温度52℃。本研究为探索乌龟的性别决定机制以及Sox gene进货的保守性提供分子资料。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.