激光测距仪校准技术研究

为解决激光测距仪的校准问题，本文通过研究其测距精度的测试方法，设计了一套由衰减组件和光电模拟法测距精度测试仪组成的测试系统，并进行验证试验。实验证明：该系统准确、稳定、可靠，能实现激光测距仪测距精度的校准，且测量重复性在1.2m以内，其建立方法和测试技术可为激光测距仪计量标准的建立提供参考。     

基于振动台的实时动力子结构实验系统稳定性预测研究

基于振动台的实时子结构试验是重要的现代结构试验技术,能很好的对土-结相互作用、减震系统（比如TLD、TMD）等动力特性进行大尺寸试件试验研究。试验系统稳定性是实现子结构试验的关键,但复杂的振动台动力特性使其稳定性预测精度还难以满足试验要求。该文结合振动台系统综合建模和根轨迹技术发展了稳定性预测方法,通过试验验证了该方法的可行性。同时从相位和幅值影响两方面对比讨论了常用分析方法的局限性,并采用该方法就结构特性对稳定性的影响进行了分析。研究结果表明考虑振动台综合模型的方法能很好的预测子结构试验系统稳定性。     

确定橡胶材料应变能密度函数的一种新方法研究

有限元计算中，橡胶材料作为一种超弹材料常采用应变能密度函数来表示其力学性能。确定应变能密度函数的常用方法是先做出标准试件，然后进行单向拉伸、等轴压缩、平面剪切等试验，最后对试验数据进行拟合。该方法的前提是能得到标准试件，而在得不到标准试件的情况下就需要寻求新的方法来确定应变能密度函数。本文提出了一种从橡胶总成试验数据出发，利用多目标优化软件iSIGHT集成有限元软件，优化确定橡胶应变能密度函数的新方法，同时还在应变能密度函数选取方面得出一些有实用价值的规律。     

体力劳动强度的多因素综合度量研究

该文首先通过试验法对140组男性和120组女性被试进行相关数据组的采集并对其进行标准化处理，然后运用数据分组处理技术（GMDH）建立劳动强度综合度量模型。结果表明：该模型能克服传统劳动强度度量方法中存在的“一刀切”、指标过于单一等缺陷，能更准确、客观和合理的对劳动强度进行评价。     

低温导热绝缘胶粘剂研究

一种低温导热绝胶粘剂用于氢氧发动机系统表面温度传感器的端封和胶接安装，介绍了胶粘剂的技术要求，研究方案及试验结果。以DW－3超低温胶粘剂为基础，经改性设计后，仍能保持胶粘剂原有的耐低温特性，而且其导热，绝缘等性能均能满足设计和使用要求。     

GB/T 21145—2023《运输用制冷机组》标准解读

随着冷链物流技术的发展，运输用制冷机组的运行工况范围和运行条件有了很大的拓展。新版GB/T 21145《运输用制冷机组》标准完善了运输用制冷机组的分类体系、技术要求和试验方法，为机组研发和质量评定提供统一的评价要求和试验方法，推进运输用制冷机组产业的技术进步。详细论述了新版标准的制订背景、适用范围，运输用制冷机组的考核工况条件、启动运行及最大负荷连续运行的技术要求和试验方法、多温区机组的制冷量试验方法、替代制冷剂的相关要求等，以期能够指导相关人员更好地使用和执行新版标准。     

面向C型货包的短距加速撞击试验装置及应用

目的 为C型货包90 m/s撞击试验提供新的试验方法和手段。方法 采用基于压缩空气驱动和反向牵引的短距加速技术，以及基于阻尼缓冲缸–迪尼玛绳的短距拦阻技术，建立新型高速重载撞击试验方法，并形成试验装置。结果 实现了负载大于5 t、速度大于90 m/s的大质量试件短距发射和撞击。结论 该试验装置与以往常用于C型货包撞击试验的火箭橇和高空缆绳相比，具有占地少、建设成本低、可调性和重复性好、测试方便、运行经济安全等特点，为C型货包的空运事故场景模拟与考核提供了一种新手段，同时也可为其他类型货包或装备的公路、铁路等运输事故场景模拟与考核提供试验技术支撑。     

实现波能装置共振的方法研究

共振状态下波能系统效率高且聚能能力强的现象已为试验和理论所证实。研究实现波能系统共振的方法可以形成高效波能利用技术。在研究波能利用技术时,涉及流-固耦合、几何非线性、波浪易变性等问题,实现波能系统共振还有许多理论和技术问题需要解决。基于波能系统共振思想的主动共振波能技术是一种高效波能利用技术。通过在波能装置中设置可调的刚度对波能系统动力特性进行调整,使波能系统的自振频率与海浪频率一致,以实现波能系统共振。针对主动共振波能技术,基于势流理论及多刚体动力学理论,导出了刚度调节值计算公式。通过数值仿真试验证明了该公式的正确性和准确性。所提出的方法和共振控制方程同样适用于其他波能技术。     

电站金属微创试验技术发展及应用

微创试验技术是以对部件微小损伤为代价获取微小试样进行材料性能及组织研究,微创试验技术应用于电站金属评估方面可以解决电站传统无损检测数据信息不全面、常规取样试验方法破坏性大且成本昂贵等问题。通过对微创试验技术发展、方法及应用的阐述,对比分析其与传统试验方法在电站金属试验方面应用的优劣,认为采用微创试验技术获取电站金属材料在长期高温服役下的组织、性能等劣化数据,对电站高温金属部件剩余寿命评估是可行的,突破传统取样试验对评估工作的限制,具有较好的发展和应用空间,对电站后续安全稳定运行十分必要。     

贵州大气环境中耐侯钢在电网应用中的关键技术

大气腐蚀对电网输变电设备的安全运行的影响显著。目前广泛在电网输变电设备领域使用的钢材的耐大气腐蚀性能和防腐技术难以满足电网建设和长寿命服役要求。首先简述了输变电设备大气腐蚀现状，指明了环境参量中大气成分、大气相对湿度、温度和钢材的化学成分、组织状态对电网设备腐蚀速率和腐蚀机制的影响；结合贵州省大气环境条件，对耐候钢在贵州电网应用中亟需解决的关键问题进行了分析；最后，提出通过现场暴露试验、加速试验和发展在线监测技术，不仅能收集海量的腐蚀数据，实现腐蚀评级并建立完整的大气腐蚀等级图，还可结合大数据处理和机器学习等方法，获得耐候钢在特定大气环境中的腐蚀机制，为耐候钢在电网设备中替代普碳钢和相关设备的安全运行提供技术保障。     

Modelling the long-term dynamics of pre-vaccination pertussis

The dynamics of strongly immunizing childhood infections is still not well understood. Although reports of successful modelling of several data records can be found in the previous literature, the key determinants of the observed temporal patterns have not yet been clearly identified. In particular, different models of immunity waning and degree of protection applied to disease- and vaccine-induced immunity have been debated in the previous literature on pertussis. Here, we study the effect of disease-acquired immunity on the long-term patterns of pertussis prevalence. We compare five minimal models, all of which are stochastic, seasonally forced, well-mixed models of infection, based on susceptible–infective–recovered dynamics in a closed population. These models reflect different assumptions about the immune response of naive hosts, namely total permanent immunity, immunity waning, immunity waning together with immunity boosting, reinfection of recovered and repeat infection after partial immunity waning. The power spectra of the output prevalence time series characterize the long-term dynamics of the models. For epidemiological parameters consistent with published data, the power spectra show quantitative and even qualitative differences, which can be used to test their assumptions by comparison with ensembles of several-decades-long pre-vaccination data records. We illustrate this strategy on two publicly available historical datasets.     

电子式电能表绝缘性能对EMC抗扰度试验的影响与改进

讨论电子式电能表的绝缘性能对EMC抗扰度试验的影响及改进措施。通过增大间隙或爬电距离能使电能表的绝缘性能符合要求，从而能够通过EMC抗扰度试验，而增加的成本最低。优化后的试验流程为优先通过6kV的脉冲电压试验，然后进行各项EMC抗扰度试验，可以达到事半功倍的效果。     

面向Job-Shop调度的改进免疫算法研究

由于模拟生物免疫系统功能的免疫算法具有解决复杂工程问题的潜力,同时也存在容易陷入局部最优平衡态和进化后期搜索停滞不前的缺陷,在深入分析生物免疫系统机理之后,将生物免疫原理和生物遗传理论集成到免疫算法中,提出了双倍体免疫算法.这种算法采用疫苗、双倍体等多种生物机制,不仅防止了早熟,而且加快了收敛速度.最后通过典型的Job-Shop调度Benchmark问题LA21的求解证实了此算法的有效性和可行性.     

Subunit-based mucosal vaccine delivery systems for pulmonary delivery - Are they feasible?

Pulmonary infections are the most common cause of death globally. However, the development of mucosal vaccines that provide protective immunity against respiratory pathogens are limited. In contrast to needle-based vaccines, efficient vaccines that are delivered via noninvasive mucosal routes (such as via the lungs and nasal passage) produce both antigen-specific local mucosal IgA and systemic IgG protective antibodies. One major challenge in the development of pulmonary vaccines using subunit antigens however, is the production of optimal immune responses. Subunit vaccines therefore rely upon use of adjuvants to potentiate immune responses. While the lack of suitable mucosal adjuvants has hindered progress in the development of efficient pulmonary vaccines, particle-based systems can provide an alternative approach for the safe and efficient delivery of subunit vaccines. In particular, the rational engineering of particulate vaccines with optimal physicochemical characteristics can produce long-term protective immunity. These protect antigens against enzymatic degradation, target antigen presenting cells and initiate optimal humoral and cellular immunity. This review will discuss our current understanding of pulmonary immunology and developments in fabricating particle characteristics that may evoke potent and durable pulmonary immunity.     

A method of increasing the noise-immune and spectral efficiency of data transmission over digital communication channels under conditions of generalized Rayleigh fadings

The action of fading on the noise immunity of digital communications in a generalized Rayleigh (Rician) channel when setting up communications under multipath signal propagation conditions is investigated. The gain in noise immunity and spectral efficiency from the use of interrupted data transmission and the complexing of the interrupted communications with diversity reception compared with existing methods of such reception is estimated.     

Enhancement of ballistic capabilities of soft welds through hardfacing

An attempt has been made to improve the ballistic immunity of austenitic welds through a hardfacing technique by a shielded metal arc welding process. Welds with complete hardfacing shattered under ballistic impact. An overlay of hardfacing alloy over austenitic weld disintegrated due to extensive cracking in the hardfacing layer. Sandwiching of the hardfacing alloy weld between austenitic welds served the dual purpose of weld integrity and ballistic immunity due to the high hardness of hardfacing alloy and the energy absorbing capacity of austenitic weld deposit. However, for full ballistic immunity equivalent to the base metal a minimum thickness of hardfacing weld layer was found to be essential. The observed trends are explained on the basis of microstructural features and cracking behaviour in the hardfacing alloy.     

Increasing the noise immunity of data transmission over digital communication channels under Nakagami fading conditions

The action of fadings on the noise immunity of digital communications in a channel with Nakagami signal fading when radio waves propagate through a medium with random nonuniformities (in particular, in satellite communications when the radio waves pass through the troposphere), is investigated. The gain in noise immunity from the use of intermittent data transmission compared with existing methods of reception is estimated.     

传导抗扰度测试的信号电平控制方法

通过对传导抗扰度测试的信号电平控制方法进行分析,表明功率放大器增益的不确定度会导致试验电平的误差。为了避免功率放大器增益所引起的误差影响,对信号电平的控制方法提出改进。通过监测功率放大器的输出功率,调整输出信号的大小,提高传导抗扰度测试的准确性。     

Mirror tilt immunity interferometry with a cat's eye retroreflector

This paper describes the behavior of a cat's eye retroreflector, which is incorporated in a novel way in a double-pass homodyne polarization interferometer. The amount of mirror tilt immunity a cat's eye provides is calculated within the paraxial approximation using 4×4 ABCD matrices. It is found that there is a position of the target mirror in which the tilt immunity is at a maximum. A real cat's eye, which is affected by aberrations, is optimized and examined using Zemax software for optical design. The maximum amount of mirror tilt immunity is numerically calculated and written in terms of defocus and spherical aberration. Finally, for the purposes of comparison, the amplitude of the Lissajous pattern as the target mirror tilts is calculated for both an interferometer with an integrated cat's eye and an interferometer with a cube corner.