Fabrication of GaN films through reactive reconstruction of magnetron sputtered ZnO／Ga2O3

A simple and easily operated technique was developed to fabricate GaN films. GaN films possessing hexagonal wurtzite structure were fabricated on Si(111) substrates with ZnO buffer layers through nitriding Ga2O3 films in the tube quartz furnace. ZnO buffer layers and Ga3O3 films were deposited on Si substrates in turn by using radio frequncy magnetron sputtering system before the nitriding process. The structure and composition of GaN films were studied by X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. The morphologies of GaN films were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that ZnO buffer layer improves the crystalline quality and the surface morphology of the films relative to the films grown directly on silicon substrates. The measurement result of room-temperature photoluminescence spectrum indicates that the photoluminescence peaks locate at 365 nm and 422 nm.     

Sputtering of ZnO buffer layer on Si for GaN blue light emitting materials

The preparation of high quality ZnO/Si substrates for the growth of GaN blue light emitting materials is considered. ZnO thin films have been deposited on Si (100) and Si (111) substrates by conventional magnetron sputtering. Morphology, crystallinity and c-axis preferred orientation of ZnO thin films have been investigated by transmitting electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray rocking curve (XRC). It is proved that the ZnO thin films have perfect structure. The full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of the ZnO(002) XRC of these films is about 1°, while the minimum is 0.353°. This result is better than the minimum FWHM (about 2°) reported by other research groups. Moreover, comparison and discussion are given on film structure of ZnO/Si(100) and ZnO/Si(111).     

离子束增强沉积Al-N共掺杂ZnO薄膜的制备

用Al2O3粉体与ZnO粉体均匀混合,压制成溅射靶。在Si和SiO2/Si衬底上,用离子束增强沉积(IBED)方法对沉积 膜作Ar+/N+注入,制备Al-N共掺杂氧化锌薄膜(ANZO)。在氮气氛中作适当的退火,可以方便地获得取向单一、结构致 密、性能良好的共掺杂ZnO薄膜。探索用IBED方法在Si和SiO2衬底上制备优质掺杂薄膜的可能性。初步研究了ANZO共掺 杂薄膜的结构、电学和光学性能。     

生长温度和源氛浓度对ZnO晶体生长影响的机理分析

利用原子层沉积（ALD）方法在Si（100）片上沉积200nm的ZnO薄层作为籽晶层,通过化学气相沉积（CVD）法常压下在籽晶层上生长ZnO晶体结构。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、场发射电子扫描显微镜（FESEM）和光致发光光谱（PL）手段对其结构形貌及光学性质进行表征,结合晶体生长机理讨论和分析影响ZnO微纳结构生长的因素。结果表明,反应源气氛浓度是影响ZnO形貌的重要因素。     

TiO2修饰层对ZnO薄膜结构及发光性质的影响

为了增强ZnO薄膜的发光性能,采用溶胶-凝胶法分别制备3层ZnO基和6层ZnO基底上覆不同层数TiO₂修饰层的透明薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪、紫外-可见光分光光谱仪和荧光光谱仪对薄膜样品的晶体结构、光致发光性能和可见光透过率进行研究。结果表明:所有混合镀膜样品,其结晶性均受到阻碍,所得样品呈现出明显的非晶状态;TiO₂修饰层层数对ZnO薄膜的紫外发光强度有很大的影响,空气退火时3层基的TiO₂修饰层最佳层数为1层,6层基的最佳层数为3层,而真空退火时修饰层的最佳层数均为2层;ZnO薄膜紫外发光强度最多可增强近10倍;所有样品可见光波段平均透过率均达到80%以上,修饰层和退火方式对薄膜透过率影响不大。     

Mg质量分数及缓冲层对ZnMgO∶Ga薄膜性能的影响

为了解决氧化锌在柔性电子器件应用方面的问题,利用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）柔性衬底上室温下制备镓掺杂氧化锌（ZnO∶Ga）和镓掺杂Zn1-xMgxO (Zn1-xMgxO∶Ga)透明导电薄膜,采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）,扫描电镜,霍尔效应测试仪,紫外-可见光分光光度计对结构和性能进行表征,探讨靶材中镁质量分数对薄膜结构及光电性能的影响,并采用预沉积ZnO无机缓冲层法来改善薄膜样品的性能.研究结果表明,在柔性衬底上通过优化生长参数制备出性能良好的ZnO基透明导电薄膜,通过缓冲层的预沉积可以明显改善薄膜的结构和电学性能,薄膜电阻率最低可至8.27×10^-4 Ω·cm,在可见光区平均透射率超过70%.     

不同衬底温度对ZnO薄膜结构和光学性质的影响

利用磁控溅射在玻璃基片上制备了不同衬底温度下的ZnO薄膜.借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、吸收光谱、光致发光谱(PL)等手段研究了衬底温度对ZnO薄膜的微结构、光致发光性能的影响.结果表明:所有样品均呈现ZnO六角纤锌矿结构且具有高度c轴择优取向;ZnO薄膜在可见区的吸收系数很小,在紫外区有很高的吸收系数;室温下的荧光光谱显示薄膜具有较强的紫光发射.     

Fabrication of GaN epitaxial films on Al2O3/Si (001) substrates

Single crystal GaN films of hexagonal modification have been fabricated on Al₂O₃/Si (001) substrates via a low pressure metalorganic chemical deposition (LP-MOCVD) method. the full width at half-maximum of (0002) X-ray diffraction peak for the GaN film 1.1 μm thick was 72 arcmin, and the mosaic structure of the film was the main cause of broadening to the X-ray diffraction peak. At room temperature, the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of GaN exhibited near band edge emission peaking at 365 nm. Project supported by the “863” Advanced materials Committee of China and the Planning Commission of China.     

基片表面朝向对ZnO纳米线生长机理的影响

采用热蒸发ZnO粉末法,以金膜为催化剂,在两片表面分别朝上和朝下的Si(100)基片上生长ZnO纳米线(样品分别标为1#和2#)。X射线衍射(XRD)图谱上只存在ZnO的(002)衍射峰,说明ZnO纳米线沿(001)择优取向。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征发现,ZnO纳米线整齐排列在Si基片上,直径在100nm左右,平均长度为4mm。通过分析得出,两种基片上生长的ZnO纳米线的生长机理是不相同的:1#样品,在基片表面上先生长ZnO薄膜,再在薄膜上生长ZnO纳米线;2#样品,ZnO纳米线直接外延生长在基片表面。结果显示基片表面的朝向影响ZnO纳米线的生长机理。     

Effect of silver growth temperature on the contacts between Ag and ZnO thin films

Highly c-axis oriented ZnO thin films were deposited on Si substrates by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. At different growth temperatures, 200 nm silver films as the contact metal were deposited on the ZnO thin films. The growth temperatures have great influence on the crystal quality of Ag films. Current-voltage characteristics were measured at room temperature. The Schottky contacts between Ag and ZnO thin films were successfully obtained when silver electrodes were deposited at 150°C and 200°C. Ohmic contacts were formed while the growth temperatures were lower than 150°C or higher than 200°C. After analysis, the forming of Ag/ZnO Schottky contacts was shown to be dependent on the appearance of the p-type inversion layer at the interface between Ag and ZnO layers.     

在高ECR 等离子体密度下沉积高质量氮化镓薄膜

目的　研究在电子回旋共振等离子体辅助法生长ＧａＮ 时的离子密度对其质量的影响．方法　用朗缪尔探针测量离子密度,用Ｘ 射线双晶衍射及霍尔测量分析ＧａＮ的质量与性能． 结果离子密度越高,薄膜的质量与性能就越好． 当生长ＧａＮ 时的离子密度为２－０ ×１０１１ ｃｍ － ３ 时,所得ＧａＮ 晶膜的氮镓量比接近于１ ,本底电子密度为３－７ ×１０１８ ｃｍ － ３ ,Ｘ 射线双晶衍射回摆曲线的半高宽为１６ ａｒｃｍｉｎ ． 结论　提高离子密度能明显提高ＧａＮ 的质量与性能     

氧化铝缓冲层对ZnO薄膜性质的影响

采用反应磁控溅射的方法在石英衬底上制备了一层AI2O3薄膜,并将其作为后续ZnO薄膜生长的缓冲层.然后,采用反应磁控溅射的方法在AI2O3缓冲层上制备了ZnO薄膜.对比研究了引入Al2O3缓冲层前后,ZnO薄膜的结构和光学特性.通过引入Al2O3缓冲层,发现ZnO薄膜样品的(002)方向X射线衍射峰的半峰宽(FWHM)明显减小,光致发光谱中与缺陷相关的可见发光峰强度明显减弱,吸收光谱中的吸收边变得更加陡峭.这些结果表明引入Al2Q3缓冲层后,ZnO薄膜的结构和光学特性得到了很大改善,为制备高质量ZnO薄膜提供了参考.     

ZnO films on transferable and low thermal resistance graphite substrate grown by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

ZnO thin films were deposited on graphite substrates by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method with Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 ·2H 2 O aqueous solution as precursor. The crystalline structure, morphology, and optical properties of the as-grown ZnO films were investigated systematically as a function of deposition temperature and growth time. Near-band edge ultraviolet(UV) emission was observed in room temperature photoluminescence spectra for the optimized samples, yet the usually observed defect related deep level emissions were nearly undetectable, indicating that high optical quality ZnO thin fi lms could be achieved via this ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. Considering the features of transferable and low thermal resistance of the graphite substrates, the achievement will be of special interest for the development of high-power semiconductor devices with suffi cient power durability.     

氮化温度对有机沉淀法制备GaN纳米粉体的影响

首次报道了以硝酸镓（Ga（NO3）3）为原料,采用有机沉淀法在碱性条件下制备出含Ga的前驱体,将该前驱体在950-1 050℃之间利用氨气（NH3）直接氮化合成了GaN纳米粉体,并利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和光致发光（PL）技术对所制备的GaN纳米粉体分别进行了物相组成、显微形貌和发光性能分析.结果表明：有机沉淀法制备的含Ga前驱体粉体在不同氮化温度下均生成了高纯度六方纤锌矿型GaN纳米粉体,其粒径小于100 nm,且均匀分散;随着氮化温度的增高,GaN纳米粉体的颗粒度下降,结晶度增强;1 050℃氮化合成的GaN纳米粉体发光性能最优异.     

XPS Studies of Magnetic Multilayers

NiOx/N81Fe19 and Co/AlOx/Co magnetic multilayers were fabricated by reactive RF/DC magnetron sputtering on clean glass substrates and oxidized Si (100) substrates, respectively. The exchange biasing field (Hex) between NiOx, and Ni81Fe19 as a function of NiOx, oxidation states was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The oxidation states and the oxide thickness of Al layers in magnetic multilayer films consisting of Co/AlOx/Co were also analyzed. It is found that the Hex of NiOx/Ni81Fe19 films only depends on Ni2+ but not on Ni3+ or Ni. The bottom Co can be completely covered by depositing an Al layer thicker than 2.0 nm. The oxide layer was Al2O3, and its thickness was 1.15 nm.     

不同衬底上低温生长GaN形貌的AFM观察

　Aim　To study the relationship between the substrate temperature and the morphology and properties of GaN. Methods Applying the hydride chemical vapor deposition method, GaN films were deposited on different kinds of substrates, including sapphire, Si(111),Si(100),GaAs and GaP(111) both on the P face and the Ga face. The growth was performed at low temperatures of below 700℃. XRD, Hall measurement, cathodoluminescence (CL) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterise the film properties. Results It was found that the temperature and the nature of substrate materials influence the layer morphology. Conclusion The analysis shows that no apparent relationship exists between the optical properties and layer morphology.     

磁控溅射法生长ZnO薄膜的结构和表面形貌特性

采用射频磁控溅射方法,在Si（111）和玻璃基片上制备ZnO薄膜。研究衬底温度和基片类型对薄膜结构、表面形貌的影响。结果显示,所有ZnO薄膜沿c轴择优生长,同种基片类型上生长的薄膜,随着衬底温度升高,（002）衍射峰强度和表面粗糙度增高;相同衬底温度下生长的ZnO薄膜,Si基片上制备的薄膜（002）衍射峰强度和表面粗糙度小于玻璃片上的。基片类型影响薄膜应力状态,玻璃片上制备的ZnO薄膜处于张应变状态,Si基片上的薄膜处于压应变状态;对于同种基片类型上生长的ZnO薄膜,衬底温度升高,应力减小。Si衬底上、300℃下沉积的薄膜颗粒尺寸分布呈正态。     

衬底和热处理温度对ZnO薄膜的微观结构的影响

采用Sol-gel法,在普通载玻片和Si（100）上使用旋转涂覆技术制备了具有c轴择优取向生长的ZnO薄膜。利用XRD和SEM研究了衬底和热处理温度对ZnO薄膜的物相结构、表面形貌和（002）定向性的影响。结果表明,sol—gel旋涂法制备的ZnO薄膜为六角纤锌矿结构,玻璃衬底上生长的ZnO薄膜为多晶形态,Si（100）衬底表现出更优取向生长特性。随着热处理温度的升高,c轴择优取向程度逐渐增强,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,ZnO的晶格参数先增加后减小。当温度在700℃时长出明显的柱状晶粒。     

在蓝宝石、MgO衬底上ZnO波导膜的制备

以ZnO烧结陶瓷为靶材,应用射频磁控溅射技术在（001）蓝宝石、（100）MgO衬底上制备ZnO波导薄膜。利用棱镜耦合、X射线衍射、RBS背散射分析等技术研究了所沉积薄膜的光波导及内部结构信息。结果表明：在两种衬底上所沉积的ZnO薄膜可以形成优良的平面光波导结构;薄膜结晶状况为存在少量其他晶向的C轴择优取向;薄膜含有的Zn及O组分原子数比例为近化学计量比;薄膜的沉积速率受衬底材料表面能作用轻微影响;薄膜的有效折射率较ZnO体材料小且受衬底材料影响。生长在蓝宝石衬底上ZnO薄膜的平均晶粒尺寸较在MgO衬底上的小,且其随膜厚的增加无明显变化,但在MgO衬底上晶粒尺寸则随膜厚的增加有增大趋势。     

ZnO纳米阵列的水溶液法制备及其荧光特性

采用简单的低温水溶液法,在修饰有ZnO种子膜的玻片上制备出形貌规整、取向性较好的ZnO纳米棒阵列。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和荧光测试仪(PL)等对产物的形貌、结构、光致发光特性进行了表征。结果表明,水热生长12 h后,能够得到均匀致密、高度取向的氧化锌纳米棒阵列,每个纳米棒直径大约为150 nm,长度为1.5μm左右。XRD结果显示,ZnO纳米棒的结构为纤锌矿结构,并沿c轴择优生长。荧光测试结果显示,所制备的ZnO纳米棒阵列在383 nm附近有一个强的紫外发射峰,同时在可见光区出现比较弱的蓝绿光发射峰。