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通过对已有成果资料的分析利用和合理选用起算数据,按照技术要求,采用GPS静态测量技术、四等水准测量方式布设控制网和RTK动态测量技术、全站仪进行地形和管线测量,以及内外业一体化成图方式进行方案设计,并对作业中的技术指标及注意事项作了阐述,从而有效指导了项目的顺利实施,加快了作业进度,提高了成果质量. 相似文献
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《山东国土资源》2008,24(7)
2008年5月31日,省、市第二次城镇土地调查办公室组成验收组,对东明县城区第二次城镇土地调查项目控制测量、权属调查阶段成果进行了验收。验收组采用内外业相结合的方式,听取了工作报告、技术报告、检查报告,实地抽查检视了部分城区D级、E级GPS控制点。验收组一致认为:东明县提交的验收成果资料基本完整,齐全,技术设计方案合理,技术总结和工作总结能反映整个工作过程的组织、计划、统计情况;质量控制措施严密,检查项目齐全,格式规范;控制测量成果符合技术设计书要求,技术路线正确,工作流程合理,GPS控制网布测方案能满足城区地籍调查和相应精度分级的要求,点位选择合理, 相似文献
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超长隧洞施工测量若干问题研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
超长隧洞施工测量属于超规范作业,为保证超长隧洞贯通,必须对超长隧洞施工测量进行研究。对隧洞施工测量中洞口控制网布设、数据处理及其误差对贯通的影响与洞内基本控制网的布设、平差及检核方法等若干问题进行了研究,所得成果已运用于引黄入晋工程中的南干5^#和7^#超长隧洞施工测量中,确保了两超长隧洞的顺利贯通。 相似文献
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地籍调查是测量和调查土地及其附着物的权属、位置、质量、数量及利用现状等专业性测绘工作。此项工作采用以往传统方式工作量大,尤其在控制测量方面,操作困难且易出错。随着现代科学技术的不断发展,GPS技术在地籍调查中已得到广泛的应用,使地籍测量从常规的手工作业程序中摆脱出来。本文重点阐述利用GPS技术进行控制测量的施测方法。 相似文献
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超长隧洞施工测量属于超规范作业,为保证超长隧洞贯通,必须对超长隧洞施工测量进行研究。对隧洞施工测量中洞口控制网布设、数据处理及其误差对贯通的影响与洞内基本控制网的布设、平差及检核方法等若干问题进行了研究,所得成果已运用于引黄入晋工程中的南干5#和7#超长隧洞施工测量中,确保了两超长隧洞的顺利贯通。 相似文献
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一、引言
目前,利用GPS技术来施测各项工程平面控制网已经相当普及。在应用中大多是将利用GPS测量技术获得的高精度坐标值转换到某国家坐标系或地方独立坐标系中进行平差计算。为此,本文介绍一种不将GPS测量的高精度成果向某国家或地方坐标系转换,亦不与地面测量观测值进行联合平差或约束平差。这样做不仅可以保持GPS测量成果的高精度,同样也能满足各项工程建设的需要。通过这种方式建立起的工程平面控制网可以提供高精度高斯平面坐标值,完全可以满足工程建设中计算有关角度、边长或工程几何量等因素的需要。 相似文献
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Types and Causes of Debris Flow Damage to Drainage Channels in the Wenchuan Earthquake Area 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Debris flows are among the most common geological disasters in China,and have been particularly frequent in Sichuan Province since the Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008.The construction of debris flow drainage channels is a countermeasure used to distribute debris flow fans,and these channels play a critical role in the mitigation and prevention of damage resulting from debris flows.Under field conditions,the useful life of drainage channels can be greatly shortened as a result of strong abrasions to the drainage structure caused by the debris flow.Field investigations have shown that the types of damage to drainage channels include(a) erosion caused by hyper-concentrated silt flow,(b) impact fractures and foundation scour at the groundsills of the drainage channel,(c) destruction of the drainage channel outlet,and(d) destruction of the drainage channel caused by debris flow abrasion.In addition,based on the destruction of the drainage channel during the debris flow drainage process,a new type of drainage channel with energy dissipation components was proposed and applied in a steep,narrow gully for debris flow mitigation.Moreover,design and engineering repair recommendations for drainage channels are provided as a reference for repairing the damage to the channel.The results can provide an important reference for the effective repair and optimal design of drainage channels. 相似文献
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数字河网提取的影响参数优化分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)是提取数字河网的主要数据源.但是,由于在受到带有尺度效应的DEM空间分辨率和数字河网提取过程中,汇流面积阈值等参数的影响,使得河网提取的结果具有很大的主观性,因此,如何优化两者的取值,对于更准确地模拟地表河网具有重要的意义.本文以厦门市作为研究区,以... 相似文献
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目前,利用DEM衍生的地貌参数对大面积区域构造活动进行量化分析的研究相对较少。本文以岷江上游流域为例,利用ASTER GDEM数据和GIS技术,提取了该流域面积高程积分值(HI)、河长坡降指数(SL )、流域盆地不对称度(AF)、盆地形状指数(BS)、谷底宽度与谷肩高度比(VF)和水系分维数(FD)6种地貌参数,对其进行了等级划分,并量化了研究区相对构造活动强度(IAT)。结果显示:岷江上游流域有较高的SL、AF、BS值,较低的VF及FD值,中等HI值,其IAT值为1.33,分类等级为1级,表明该流域侵蚀程度强烈, 流域形态狭长, 河谷呈V型形态,受构造活动影响显著,地貌发育处于幼年期晚期,中年期早期。研究结果与区域地质背景较为吻合,该方法可为进一步探讨区域构造活动差异性提供新的手段。 相似文献
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本文以郑洛地区为研究区域,以裴李岗文化时期、仰韶文化前期、仰韶文化后期和龙山文化时期为时间序列,对研究区域的流域盆地面积与相应的遗址点数量的关系、流域盆地面积与相应的遗址点增长速率的关系,以及各个流域盆地中遗址点分布密度的时空分布特征进行了研究。结果显示:(1)通过相关方法分析,以数字化的形式表明了流域盆地面积与分布的遗址点数量呈显著的正相关关系,且裴李岗文化时期的相关程度与其他3个文化时期相比较小;(2)对各流域盆地内遗址点的变化趋势分析发现,流域盆地面积与分布的遗址点变化趋势呈显著的正相关关系,这也解释了流域盆地黄河流域(B)、伊洛河流域(C)的变化趋势最快的缘由;(3)对各流域盆地内遗址点的分布密度进行分级可发现,在裴李岗文化时期,东部地区遗址点的分布密度大于西部地区,而其他3个文化时期是中西部地区大于东部地区。 相似文献
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Drainage Network and Lineament Analysis: An Approach for Potwar Plateau (Northern Pakistan) 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
Drainage responds rapidly to tectonic changes and thus it is a potential parameter for teetonogeomorphological analysis. Drainage network of Potwar is a good geological record of movement, displacements, regional uplifts and erosion of the tectonic units. This study focuses on utilizing drainage network extracted from Shuttle Radar Digital Elevation Data (SRTM-DEM) in order to constrain the structure of the Potwar Plateau. SWAN syncline divides Potwar into northern Potwar deformed zone (NPDZ) and southern Potwar platform zone (SPPZ). We extracted the drainage network from DEM and analyzed 112 streams using stream power law. Spatial distribution of concavity and steepness indices were used to prepare uplift rate map for the area. DEM was further utilized to extract lineaments to study the mutual relationship between lineaments and drainage patterns. We compared the local correlation between the extracted lineaments and drainage network of the area that gives us quantitative information and shows promising prospects. The streams in the NPDZ indicate high steepness values as compared to the streams in the SPPZ. The spatial distribution of geomorphic parameters distinctive deformation and uplift rates suggest the among eastern, central and western parts. The local correlation between drainage network and lineaments from DEM is strongly positive in the area within I km of radius. 相似文献
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The Optimal Cross-section Design of the “Trapezoid-V” Shaped Drainage Canal of Viscous Debris Flow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Debris flow drainage canal is one of the most widely used engineering measures to prevent and manage debris flow hazards.The shape and the sizes of the cross-section are important parameters when design debris flow drainage canal.Therefore,how to design the appropriate shape and sizes of the cross-section so that the drainage canal can have the optimal drainage capacity is very important and few researched at home and abroad.This study was conducted to analyze the hydraulic condition of a Trapezoid-V shaped drainage canal and optimize its cross-section.By assuming characteristic sizes of the cross-section,the paper deduced the configuration parameter of the cross-section of a Trapezoid-V shaped debris flow drainage canal.By theory analysis,it indicates that the optimal configuration parameter is only related to the side slope coefficient and the bottom transverse slope coefficient.For this study,the Heishui Gully,a first-order tributary of the lower Jinsha River,was used as an example to design the optimal cross-section of the drainage canal of debris flow. 相似文献
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为实现国家西部1∶50 000地形图空白区测图工程:丰富产品种类,拓展服务领域的设计宗旨,根据ISO 9000对产品的概念,提出了西部测图工程整体产品模式,并对其进行细化,建立了国家两部测图工程地形图产品模式.本文以西部测图工程1∶50 000影像地形图的设计与实现为实例,详细介绍了1∶50 000影像地形图测绘新产品... 相似文献