产品结构调整是炼油业的必然选择

随着国内炼油业的不断发展和对外开放程度的日益扩大，加之亚洲金融危机后一些周边国家低价倾销油品的冲击，国内成品油供过于求的矛盾日益突出。文章以亚太和中国未来几年石油产品的供需预测数为基准，阐述了炼油业调整产品结构的重要性和紧迫性，并就如何调整产品结构进行了探讨，指出我国石油产品结构调整的方向和应采取的必要措施。     

巴西石油公司的炼油能力接近极限

国营石油巨头巴西石油公司Petrobras于2011年2月2113表示,巴西正在迅速达到其石油炼制能力极限,问题可能是受到国内原油生产和对石油产品持续增加的影响。原油产量比炼油能力增长更快,需求也比炼油能力更快地增长,需提高炼油能力已显而易见。     

世界石油供需现状

文章主要叙述世界石油储藏量，产量，炼油能力，石油消费量和石油进出口量。     

石化集团公司炼油“十五”规划发展思路

２１世纪初,世界经济环境将发生很大变化。全球经济一体化的步伐加快,世界大型石油,石化公司经过兼并重组竞争能力大大提高。我国国有大中型企业进一步深化改革,石油,石化两大集团正在进行重组改制。在国内外新的形势下,制定“十五”规划要有新的思路和方法,应突出研究市场发展和提高企业的竞争能力。本文从分析２１世纪初炼油工业所处的发展环境入手,从市场,资源,油品质量和产品结构、环保要求,降低成本提高竞争力等方面     

2010年我国将增3000×10~4t/a炼油能力

2010年第15届中国LPG（液化石油）国际会议发布的信息表明,在2009年投产3000×10^4t／a的基础上,2010年我国石油行业还将有3000×10^4t／a炼油能力投入运行。前些年炼油能力吃紧的局面已彻底扭转．但国际金融危机引起的需求下降所导致的能力过剩几年后才能消化。     

从第17届世界石油大会看炼油工业的发展前景

对第17届世界石油大会有关炼油和石油化工部分的论述进行整理和评述。重点介绍了用氢气作能源及生物质能源和有关清洁燃料、清洁生产技术的新进展，指出炼油和石油化工的结合将更加紧密，并扩展到与热能、电能的结合。     

2010年的世界炼油业

剑桥能源（IHSCERA）最近发布研究报告,对世界炼油行业的发展趋势提出了新的看法。该机构预测全球石油需求将在2010年开始恢复增长,但需求增量并不足以填补全球炼油行业的闲置产能;新炼厂及改扩建项目将会对冲掉未来两年石油产品需求增量的大部分,甚至全部,产业优化重组不可避免。     

日本政府计划开发提高炼油效率的技术

日本经济产业省(METI)将实施一个为期5年的项目,旨在开发提高炼油效率的技术,以生产更多的汽油、柴油和其它高附加值石油产品。据METI称,现有的炼油技术只能令大约70%的原油转化成高附加值产品。METI的目标是将原油转化率提高至80%,这样可以令日本原油需求量减少约10%。这个投资100亿日元的项目于2011财年开始。该项目同时还将开发重质原油加工技术,加工原料类似于产自     

炼油产业格局加速调整

由于石油需求的格局发生变化,世界炼油行业的布局正在加速调整中,东西方分化趋势逐渐明显,世界炼油业的发展重心继续东移。全球新建炼油厂均位于亚洲,欧美炼厂关闭和出售的事件频现。预计未来几年,世界新建炼油项目仍将主要集中在亚洲,欧美地区的炼油业务调整和重组还将继续,这促使世界石油石化工业的发展重心加速向具有市场潜在优势的亚洲转移。据IEA预计,2010-2016年期间,全球炼油能力将增加4.8亿吨/年,其     

炼油行业发展现状及发展对中海油炼油板块的启示

本文分别对世界炼油行业以及国内炼油行业的现状进行了总结和分析,并对炼油的发展趋势进行了研判。2017年世界炼厂原油加工量创历史新高,炼厂开工率和炼油毛利均有所提升;世界各国加快推进清洁燃料发展进程;各主要地区炼油业发展情况各异,世界炼油能力继续缓慢增长。对于中海油炼化企业发展来说,为了改善经营状况,促进行业水平的提升以及能源利用的发展,需要经营管理策略的应用。笔者对此进行了研究,结合我国石油销售企业的特征对经营管理进行了研究,期望对炼油企业的发展有一定作用。     

Overview on Routes for Development of China''''s Petroleum Refining Technology

China has formed a complete and packaged system of domestic petroleum refining industry. Till 2020 the demand for petroleum products in China will record a sharp growth. However, China is currently confronted with a shortage of oil resources, unsatisfactory quality of petroleum products, a widening gap between demand and supply of steam cracking feedstocks, and a stern situation in environmental protection. In this context the petroleum refiners of China, while taking into account the actual conditions, should seek for the way of deep processing to produce transportation fuels and chemical feedstocks that can hardly be replaced by other energy forms, continue to bring into full play FCC process as core process for making finished oil products, speed up the development of hydrocracking to achieve integration between refining and chemical production, adopt measures that can combine feedstock pre-treatment, novel FCC technologies and after-treatment of products to improve the quality of finished products, as well as realize the recycling of wastewater and control over air pollution caused by SOx to accelerate the development of petroleum processing industry in China.     

石油炼制工业中加氢技术和加氢催化剂的发展现状

中国的石油资源相对稀缺,石油炼制过程中对轻质原油的需求相对较高.石油的裂解过程主要基于加氢催化和加氢裂化.加氢催化技术可以提高轻质油品的产量,在满足市场需求,提高中国石油工业经济效益的同时,还能尽可能减少环境污染,实现"绿水青山就是金山银山"的社会要求.加氢裂化技术可直接将高硫蜡油等劣质原料转化为优质石脑油,喷气燃料,...     

调整炼油工业产业结构充分利用国内外原油资源

我国总体上已步入了世界炼油大国行列，油品市场可自身平衡，预计未来需求仍将乎稳增长。当前我国炼油工业整体竞争力不强，为应对加入WTO后面临更为激烈的国际竞争环境，未来我国应调整炼油工业产业结构，充分利用国内外原油资源，进一步提升我国炼油工业发展水平和国际竞争力。     

Review on the Trend for Development of World＇s Petroleum Refining Industry

This article introduces the situation related with the increasingly deteriorating crude quality, the demand for cleaner transportation fuels and clean production processes that the world＇s petroleum refining industry is faced with. This article also suggests that the trend for future development of global refining industry is focused on the economy of scale for the refineries and the oil processing units, the refining structure readjustment, integration of the oil refining and chemical production and formation of oil refining bases. The oil refining industry will uninterruptedly rectify its industry allocation and processing unit configuration and strive for the reduction of production cost through technical progress and management innovations to reduce the production cost, boost the profitability and sharpen the market competitive edge.     

Progress and Outlook on Technologies for Processing Inferior Crude Oil in China

The recent growth of the global petroleum refining industry and the main technologies and measures for China to process inferior crude oil were introduced. The main technologies and measures include the control over equipment corrosion induced by sour and acidic crude, in particular the corrosion of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units, the development of technology for processing inferior residue, and the development of desulfurization technology and sulfur recovery technology in the course of processing of petroleum products. In order to meet the needs for national economic development, China＇s refining enterprises will uninterruptedly develop and prefect technologies for processing inferior crude, enhance the process and equipment management, sum up the experience for better processing of inferior crude, so as to provide high-quality oil products and petrochemical feedstocks to public with better economic return.     

新技术支撑下的中国新一代炼厂

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China's Excess Oil Refining Production Capacity in the Background of the Supply Side Structural Reform

Through analysis of the current situation and newly-increased production capacity-of the oil refining industry of China, this Paper discusses both the continuous expansion trend and the serious excess of production capacity of the oil refining industry of China. Due to the entry of the Chinese economy into the new normal,the accelerated substitution of old energy by new energy and rigid restrictions composed of low carbon and environmental protection requirements, the oil demand of China will continue to increase overall, but the growth will obviously slow down. At the same time, the newly-increased production capacity in Shandong and coastal region will continuously expand, the supply and demand contradiction will intensify, and the structural excess production capacity of the oil refining industry of China will be prominent. It is suggested that the government should attach great importance to the production capacity of the oil refining industry at the macro level, and deeply carry forward the supply side structural reform, and that enterprises should speed up technical innovation,enhance regional and layout optimization, adapt to market changes and adjust product structure, control oil refining but increase chemical engineering, improve product quality and production efficiency, and constantly promote the international competitiveness of the Chinese petrochemical industry.     

能源转型中我国炼油工业面临的挑战与对策

概述了世界及我国能源低碳化转型的趋势,分析了能源低碳化转型中我国炼油工业面临的严峻挑战,提出了应对挑战的对策。一是深入研究市场变化,理性慎重进行炼化一体化和油转化项目的投资决策,加快淘汰落后炼油能力。二是坚持目标导向和需求导向,加大科技投入,大力推进原油高效利用的炼制技术、清洁高效汽柴油生产技术、炼油过程节能环保技术、智能化炼油厂构建技术、生物质炼制生产液体燃料技术、二氧化碳捕集利用技术等新技术的研究开发。三是紧紧围绕绿色低碳提质增效,积极采用新技术和新装备,认真实施已有炼油企业原油利用高效化、炼油过程绿色低碳化、产出油品高效清洁化的技术改造。四是主动应对能源低碳化转型,积极发展氢能,重视发展生物基燃料。     

新建炼油厂的设计探讨和实践

我国石油产品需求的增长高于原油产量的增加,原油进口量持续增加,炼油工业的发展受到资源短缺的制约.适当适时扩大我国原油加工能力是解决油品供需矛盾的有效途径.本文以一个8 Mt/a的新建燃料型炼油厂设计实践为例,阐明了炼油厂生产规模及布局,通过优化原油配置,使原油品种、特性与加工装置结构、产品需求结构匹配,采用清洁生产方法生产环境友好产品,实现石油化工产业的可持续发展.     

炼油产业未来发展环境分析及对策建议

简要回顾了“十二五”以来我国炼油工业发展概况;结合宏观经济发展新常态、相关产业政策、法规标准等,重点分析了“十三五”期间炼油产业面临的主要问题和形势,包括成品油需求增速放缓、柴汽比持续降低、产能过剩、市场竞争激烈、质量升级和环保标准提高等。探索性地提出了严控增量、优化存量、化解产能过剩的产业发展思路和相关措施建议;同时建议采用重油高效转化、柴油转化、烷基化等相关技术,增上配套措施,实现增产高附加值产品、调整产品结构和油品质量升级,打造绿色、智能、高效型炼厂。