基于有限元法的摇枕疲劳强度分析

以货车转K6型转向架摇枕为研究对象,建立了摇枕的三维几何模型,采用HyperMesh软件对摇枕进行了网格划分,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,分别计算了典型载荷工况下的摇枕应力分布,从而确定了摇枕的疲劳薄弱部位并进行了局部优化,根据AAR标准,评价了摇枕的疲劳强度,对摇枕进行了寿命计算分析。     

基于ANSYS的转K2转向架摇枕结构分析

以转K2转向架摇枕为例,通过有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立转向架摇枕模型,并进行计算分析,校验其强度和刚度是否满足性能指标的要求.发现转K2转向架摇枕在车辆运行中存在的危险点和危险截面,判断出转K2转向架摇枕在车辆运行中可能出现的破坏部位,从而为改进该转向架摇枕的结构设计提供参考.     

城市轻轨车辆带摇枕转向架的结构方案设计和动力学性能

城市轨道交通应用范围越来越广,除市内运行要求外,目前还出现了市郊运行(运行速度达到120 km/h)需求。为解决目前城市轻轨列车的跨线提速运营能力不足问题,提出一种跨线提速带摇枕轻轨转向架结构方案,并对其动力学性能进行了研究。该方案主要在车体与构架之间增加了摇枕结构,以实现车体构架摇头运动约束解耦与回转阻尼的非线性。在对转向架结构分析的基础上,对于无摇枕转向架与带摇枕转向架构架、摇枕与车体进行受力分析,并建立5模块低地板轻轨列车动力学模型,分析两种转向架新轮、磨耗轮状态下的稳定性、平稳性、安全性(包括R350大半径曲线与R50小半径曲线)与回转阻力系数。结果表明:由于转向架摇枕带来的回转阻力的非线性特性,带摇枕转向架的稳定性、平稳性与大、小半径下曲线通过安全性均优于无摇枕转向架。该转向架既可胜任市郊高速运行的要求(保证120 km/h运行),又能胜任市内小半径曲线安全通行的要求(安全通过R50),为跨线提速运营提供了保障。     

重载货车转向架摇枕试验研究

简要介绍了国内重载货车转向架的种类、结构,结合台架试验,校核了DZ1型转向架摇枕的静强度与疲劳强度。同时,对DZ1型转向架摇枕进行了疲劳损伤分析。     

载重110t铁路货车摇枕疲劳强度分析

介绍了基于AAR载荷谱的出口美国重载110t载重摇枕疲劳试验及动应力测试结果,并利用线性累积损伤法则,对摇枕进行疲劳寿命预测。     

常导高速电磁悬浮车辆二系悬挂结构对比优化

建立常导高速电磁悬浮车辆系统动力学模型,模型详细考虑了电磁悬浮系统、控制系统电动力特性、悬挂系统的非线性特性。传统高速电磁悬浮车辆为摇枕+空簧+吊杆结构,其结构复杂,制造、维护成本高。探索性提出取消传统摇枕,采用大变位空簧直接支撑车体的二系悬挂方案,并进一步研究无摇枕增设抗侧滚扭杆的二系方案。基于车辆系统动力学模型,从车辆运行平稳性,曲线通过性能等角度,对三种二系悬挂配置下的车辆动力学性能进行对比分析。得出以下结论：有摇枕方案的各项动力学指标均较优于无摇枕方案;相对于无抗侧滚的二系结构,有抗侧滚的车辆车体横向、垂向及侧滚角位移均有所降低,并且已经达到了与有摇枕方案基本相当的水平;无摇枕增设抗侧滚结构的二系悬挂方案能够达到简化车辆悬挂系统结构的效果,同时能够满足动力学性能要求,推荐在日后的结构设计中采用该方案并进行试验验证。     

电熔刚玉复合涂料在转K6型摇枕﹑侧架铸钢件上的应用

本文就转K6型摇枕、侧架铸钢件生产特点,试制电熔刚玉复合涂料,确定工艺参数,在转K6型摇枕、侧架应用,效果良好,并降低了生产成本。成功替代锆英粉涂料应用于转K6型摇枕、侧架。     

轨道激励频率对转向架摇枕动应力的影响

采用C80B型敞车弹性体整车模型,以轨道垂向不平顺作为轮轨激扰进行车辆动力学仿真计算,在获得摇枕动态载荷与轨道垂向不平顺激励频率的对应关系的基础上,计算分析了轨道垂向不平顺激励频率对摇枕动应力的影响。研究结果表明,9.25~16.67 m之间的轨道波长对摇枕关键部位最大动应力的影响比较大。     

转向架摇枕、侧架非线性分析

利用有限元分析软件NX-Nastran对转向架摇枕、侧架进行非线性分析。通过设置材料非线性、几何非线性,以获得摇枕、侧架在永久变形工况和极限载荷工况下的应力情况,并对比试验结果。计算结果表明,摇枕、侧架结构满足标准要求。     

铁路货车铸钢摇枕与侧架浇注系统设计

对铁路货车铸钢摇枕、侧架工艺特性作出了分析,对浇注系统开设的原则和形式作出了阐述,对合理设计浇注系统,克服由于摇枕、侧架结构工艺性差特点获得优良铸件,进行了较为细致的分析和论述。     

Features of fatigue crack development in cast steel parts of railroad structures

The paper presents the results of an experimental study on the features of fatigue crack development in 20GFL grade low-alloy steel of a freight car bolster with simulation of the operating process of loading. The experiment results are compared with calculations using the fatigue failure diagram for this steel.     

铁路货车枕梁结构疲劳寿命对比研究

为优化铁路通用货车枕梁结构,以某型罐车为基础,利用有限元及疲劳计算方法,分析了目前通用的两种结构关键焊缝及部位的强度、疲劳寿命,通过计算结果对比分析及与试验结果的比较,说明用位移耦合的方法处理层合板焊缝是合理的,应力结果更趋近于真实值;证明了刚度协调是提高疲劳强度的重要措施,并依此提出了结构的优化方案.     

基于点支撑的板料无模渐进成形形状失稳问题

提出用顶杆在关键部位支撑板料的点支撑工艺,代替模型支撑,使成形过程周期短、成本低,降低了压头负荷,并可实现真正意义上的无模成形。但在这种点支撑成形工艺下,容易出现形状失稳现象。用轴对称抛物面、圆锥面和双曲面作为研究对象,进行大量试验,发现圆锥面是失稳的临界形状,当形状大于圆锥面时,如抛物面薄壳件,易出现失稳,小于或等于圆锥面的形状则不出现形状失稳。分析了产生失稳现象的各种因素,提出了有针对性的解决方案,经试验证明能够较好地克服薄壳件失稳的出现。     

浅谈SBC-HP3型边坡清筛机装载车车架结构及组装工艺

SBC-HP3型边坡清筛机装载车车架主体由主梁、枕梁、加强梁、松渣装置支架组成.主要介绍SBC-HP3型边坡清筛机装载车车架的主要结构特点及主梁和枕梁的组焊工艺,其目是确保车架的整体强度,以满足整个装载车的承重要求.     

大型工业CT在摇枕、侧架无损检测中的应用

摇枕、侧架作为列车转向架的重要组成部分,对列车行驶安全起到至关重要的作用。各生产厂家亟需具有高穿透力的检测设备对其进行大批量的检测。本文介绍了采用工业CT技术的一种新型的CT/DR扫描系统,能够对摇枕、侧架的内部结构及内部的气孔、砂眼、夹杂物、缩孔、疏松、冷隔、裂纹等铸造缺陷进行无损检测,能够很好地满足该行业的需求。     

基于基结构法的液压机底座结构拓扑优化

为使液压机底座结构的拓扑设计更加合理,提出了基于基结构法的底座结构拓扑优化方法,并以8 MN液压机底座为例,给出了以板为基本结构单元的底座基结构和建立在基结构基础上的包含尺寸变量和拓扑变量的结构拓扑优化数学模型。针对该拓扑优化问题,设计了专门的遗传求解算法。     

基于PLC的肩棉缝合控制系统设计

本文给出了基于PLC的肩棉缝合控制系统架构及实现方案。该系统实现了该道工序的自动化生产，而且开发周期短，性能优良。     

逆向工程技术在铁路货车铸造模具中的应用

为快速实现模具逆向重构并改进原有模具结构设计缺陷,以某型出口车型模具为例,采用CATIAv5软件平台,运用激光扫描技术获取旧模具点云数据并进行数据处理,采用逆向工程技术进行三维模型的逆向重构,并对原有的薄弱结构进行改进设计,通过新模具的加工制造验证逆向重构方法的有效性。     

Multidisciplinary design optimization of vehicle instrument panel based on multi-objective genetic algorithm

Typical multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO) has gradually been proposed to balance performances of lightweight, noise, vibration and harshness(NVH) and safety for instrument panel(IP) structure in the automotive development. Nevertheless, plastic constitutive relation of Polypropylene(PP) under different strain rates, has not been taken into consideration in current reliability-based and collaborative IP MDO design. In this paper, based on tensile test under different strain rates, the constitutive relation of Polypropylene material is studied. Impact simulation tests for head and knee bolster are carried out to meet the regulation of FMVSS 201 and FMVSS 208, respectively. NVH analysis is performed to obtain mainly the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes, while the crashworthiness analysis is employed to examine the crash behavior of IP structure. With the consideration of lightweight, NVH, head and knee bolster impact performance, design of experiment(DOE), response surface model(RSM), and collaborative optimization(CO) are applied to realize the determined and reliability-based optimizations, respectively. Furthermore, based on multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA), the optimal Pareto sets are completed to solve the multi-objective optimization(MOO) problem. The proposed research ensures the smoothness of Pareto set, enhances the ability of engineers to make a comprehensive decision about multi-objectives and choose the optimal design, and improves the quality and efficiency of MDO.     

Development of a tilting system for electric multiple unit to speed up on conventional lines

An advanced tilting system for KTT (Korean Tilting Train) was developed and a performance test of the system has been completed. KTT has been constructed to speed up and promise a significant enhancement in service quality on a conventional line. KTT is an electric multiple unit composed of 6 cars running at the design speed of 200 km/h. The tilting system is the core technology of KTT and combined with the conventional bogie system. It has a self-steering mechanism and a swing link. The self-steering mechanism of Z-bar type is free to rotate on the curve and stable to run on a straight line. The swing link mechanism of the bolster enables the carbody to tilt up to 8°. A tilting control system detects a curve with sensors and commands the electro-mechanical actuators to move the bolster through the computer network system. GPS collaborates with the tilting system to perceive the curve previously and enables gradual tilting so as not to violate passenger comfort. The performance of the tilting system has been verified by a trial test running of KTT on a commercial conventional line. The tilting system is ready for commercial use. This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Hong Hee Yoo SUNG IL SEO, Dr. Seo was born at Seoul, Korea in 1962. He graduated from Department of Naval Architecture, Seoul National University in 1984 and received a doctor degree from the same university in 1994. He entered Hanjin Heavy Industries Co. in 1986 and was engaged in structural design of ship and development of aluminum rolling stocks. He transferred to KRRI in 2002. He was engaged in development of Korea High Speed Train. He has been in charge of the development project for Korea Tilting Train. He published many research papers on high speed train, structural design and welding deformations in international journals.