锂离子电池隔膜的国内外研究技术进展

隔膜是锂离子电池的关键材料,直接影响锂离子电池的性能。文章重点阐述了不同用途的锂离子电池其对隔膜的性能要求,同时介绍了纳米纤维涂覆隔膜、纳米陶瓷颗粒涂覆隔膜、纳米陶瓷颗粒掺杂复合隔膜等5种新型高性能动力锂电池隔膜的研究进展,并对隔膜未来的发展方向做了展望。     

国内外锂离子电池隔膜的研究进展

作为锂离子电池中的重要组成部分,隔膜对于锂离子电池的化学性能和安全性能有着至关重要的影响。本文简要介绍了锂离子电池隔膜的作用及性能要求,重点介绍了五种不同种类的隔膜:微孔聚烯烃隔膜、改性聚烯烃隔膜、聚酰亚胺锂电池隔膜、有机/无机复合隔膜、纳米纤维隔膜等,以及四种制膜工艺:干法、湿法、静电纺丝、熔喷法等,并展望了锂离子电池隔膜的未来发展方向。     

无机超细粉体改性锂离子电池隔膜的研究进展

综述了近年来无机超细粉体改性锂离子电池隔膜的研究进展,首先介绍了已在锂电隔膜改性上商业应用的Al₂O₃和AlOOH对传统聚烯烃膜和新型静电纺丝膜的改性方法和改性效果,随后又对常规无机材料TiO₂和SiO₂粉体对锂电隔膜的改性进行了叙述,最后对BN等非常规隔膜改性无机材料进行了简介;总结和讨论了无机材料改性后隔膜的组分、结构和性能对锂离子电池综合性能的影响,并对其无机材料改性锂电池隔膜的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

耐高温锂离子电池隔膜材料应用现状及发展

分类总结了已有产业化耐高温电池隔膜材料的研究进展与制备工艺,着重介绍了采用不同涂覆材料与基体材料的传统与新型耐高温锂离子电池隔膜的耐热性能,并对耐高温锂离子电池隔膜材料进行了特点归纳与研究展望。     

锂离子电池隔膜材料性质研究及展望

锂离子电池隔膜是锂离子电池结构中四大主要材料之一,主要是提供电解液中锂离子迁移通道,并隔绝正负极反应避免短路发生,是影响锂离子电池性能和安全性等的重要材料。本文通过对锂离子电池隔膜性能要求的分析,对聚烯烃隔膜、无纺布类隔膜、陶瓷复合类隔膜进行简要总结与分析,并对高性能隔膜材料的设计与构筑进行了展望。     

高耐热陶瓷涂覆锂离子电池隔膜研究进展

氧化铝外观为一种白色、粉末状,无杂物。分子式为α-Al_2O_3。氧化铝材料具有耐高温性、耐火性能优等特点,可以满足作为锂离子电池隔膜的涂覆材料的要求,从而可以达到锂离子电池对隔膜高安全性的要求。本文介绍了一种高耐热陶瓷涂覆锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法及涂覆陶瓷浆料后锂离子电池隔膜的微观结构、耐热收缩、机械强度等性能。     

锂离子电池隔膜改性研究现状

针对现有的锂离子电池隔膜在吸液率、强度和安全性等方面存在的不足,提出了其改性的必要性;综述了锂离子电池隔膜接枝改性、复合改性、共混和填充改性等改性方法,并对各种改性方法进行了分析;指出在改性研究的同时,应开发新的电池隔膜制备方法,如静电纺丝技术等;建议开发新的电池隔膜材料,以提高电池隔膜性能,制备具有特殊性能的锂离子电池隔膜。     

微孔陶瓷隔膜的研制与应用

一、前言目前,可供选作碱性电池新的隔膜材料的主要集中于刚性陶瓷隔膜和无机纤维或无机材料与有机材料复合制成的柔性隔膜两大类。无机隔膜不仅具有很好的耐高温,抗氧化性能,而且具有很高的阻挡银扩散迁移和抗锌枝晶生长和蔓延的能力。     

锂离子电池隔膜研究与发展现状

介绍了锂离子电池隔膜的特性和类型。重点介绍了国内外聚烯烃隔膜的发展现状,通过专利和文献的检索了解到以聚烯烃为原料生产锂离子电池隔膜的发展历史和目前国外对锂离子电池隔膜开展研究较活跃的国家,最后介绍了锂离子电池隔膜的生产技术和国内市场情况,并提出了发展建议。     

锂电池有机-无机复合固态电解质研究进展

有机-无机复合固态电解质是锂离子电池材料的研究热点,由于其兼有聚合物与无机电解质的优点而有望成为下一代全固态锂离子电池的重要组成部分。在这篇综述中,以不同种类的无机填料为依据,总结了常见的复合电解质研究形式,对其最新进展进行了综述。从工作的新颖性、性能提升和实用性等方面考察,对最新研究的不同种类无机填料对复合电解质性能的影响做了分析。     

锂离子电池隔膜的研究及发展现状

综述了隔膜主要作用及性能、国内外研究发展现状。重点叙述了隔膜的制备方法,对干法和湿法的原理、工艺及所制得的隔膜性能上的区别进行了详细的阐述;同时简单介绍了隔膜的改性研究现状和新型电池隔膜的发展,最后对电池隔膜的未来发展趋势进行展望。     

Resin-silica composite nanoparticle grafted polyethylene membranes for lithium ion batteries

To avoid the peeling-off of ceramic nanoparticles (NPs) from polyolefin membranes usually occurred in commercially available ceramic NPs coated polyolefin separators for lithium batteries, we propose a simple one-pot in-situ reaction method to modify commercial polyethylene (PE) separators by surface grafting 3-Aminophenol/formaldehyde (AF)/silica (SiO₂) composite NPs. The AF/SiO₂ composite NPs form self-supporting connected pores on the modified layer of the separator surface, which ensures the transportation of Li⁺. Moreover, the PE@AF/SiO₂ separators has higher electrolyte wettability and compatibility than neat PE separators attributed to the plentiful polar functional groups in the AF/SiO₂ layer and AF/SiO₂ composite NPs, resulting in higher lithium ion transference number (= 0.62) and ionic conductivity (σ = 0.722 mS cm⁻¹). More importantly, the discharge capacity, capacity retention rate and coulombic efficiency (136.2 mA h g⁻¹, 87.9% and 99%, respectively) after 200 cycles of Li|NMC half batteries with PE@AF/SiO₂ separators, are all more excellent than that with the pure PE separator (125 mA h g⁻¹, 83.1% and 85%, respectively). Our results show that the PE@AF/SiO₂ separators obtained by this modification method have higher electrochemical stability in the lithium battery system.     

锂离子电池聚烯烃隔膜改性及功能化研究

综述了近年来国内外锂电池聚烯烃隔膜的改性及功能化研究进展,分类介绍了锂电池聚烯烃隔膜的制造方法和性能的表征指标,及孔径分布、孔隙率、润湿性、耐热性、安全性、机械强度等方面的改性状况.     

Battery separators

The ideal battery separator would be infinitesimally thin, offer no resistance to ionic transport in electrolytes, provide infinite resistance to electronic conductivity for isolation of electrodes, be highly tortuous to prevent dendritic growths, and be inert to chemical reactions. Unfortunately, in the real world the ideal case does not exist. Real world separators are electronically insulating membranes whose ionic resistivity is brought to the desired range by manipulating the membranes thickness and porosity. It is clear that no single separator satisfies all the needs of battery designers, and compromises have to be made. It is ultimately the application that decides which separator is most suitable. We hope that this paper will be a useful tool and will help the battery manufacturers in selecting the most appropriate separators for their batteries and respective applications. The information provided is purely technical and does not include other very important parameters, such as cost of production, availability, and long-term stability. There has been a continued demand for thinner battery separators to increase battery power and capacity. This has been especially true for lithiumion batteries used in portable electronics. However, it is very important to ensure the continued safety of batteries, and this is where the role of the separator is greatest. Thus, it is essential to optimize all the components of battery to improve the performance while maintaining the safety of these cells. Separator manufacturers should work along with the battery manufacturers to create the next generation of batteries with increased reliability and performance, but always keeping safety in mind. This paper has attempted to present a comprehensive review of literature on separators used in various batteries. It is evident that a wide variety of separators are available and that they are critical components in batteries. In many cases, the separator is one of the major factors limiting the life and/or performance of batteries. Consequently, development of new improved separators would be very beneficial for the advanced high capacity batteries.     

聚丙烯腈/聚酯无纺布微孔复合锂电隔膜的制备及性能

为了改善锂电隔膜的耐热性、电解液亲和性和机械性能,本文以聚丙烯腈为主要材料,采用相转化法制备了聚酯无纺布支撑的聚丙烯腈微孔复合锂电隔膜,对隔膜的理化性能（孔道结构、机械性能、电解液性能和耐热性）和电池性能（循环性能、倍率性能）进行系统研究。结果表明,复合隔膜具有均匀的微孔结构,平均孔径约为425nm,孔隙率为74%,拉伸强度为30MPa;电解液亲和性良好,吸液率为385%,接触角接近0°,锂离子电导率较市售隔膜显著提高,达到1.65mS/cm;在150℃、0.5h的热处理条件下,复合隔膜的热收缩率为0。鉴于良好的理化特性,该隔膜所装配的钴酸锂/锂金属电池表现出优异的循环容量和倍率容量保持性,如在0.2C倍率下,经历200次循环后电池的放电容量保持率为95.2%,在10C倍率下电池的放电容量为0.5C倍率下的58.3%。因此,相转化法制备的聚丙烯腈基微孔复合隔膜在锂离子电池中显示出较好的应用前景。     

锂离子电池隔膜材料研究进展

近年来,锂离子电池技术发展迅速,隔膜作为电池中的核心材料之一,决定着锂离子电池的性能,因此隔膜材料及制备技术亟需被深入研究。目前,商业化的锂电池隔膜以聚烯烃隔膜为主,制备工艺正从干法向湿法过渡,但是近几年已经发展出了不同材料体系、不同制备工艺的隔膜。本文简要介绍了聚烯烃隔膜生产技术,重点综述了非织造隔膜材料、涂层以及新型隔膜制备技术的研究成果,并展望了锂电池隔膜的发展方向。     

Cellulose acetate-based separators prepared by a reversible acetylation process for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the most widely used technologies for various applications. However, polyolefin separators can hardly meet the needs of the development of LIBs due to the poor heat shrinkage and bad wettability with the electrolyte. Herein, a cellulose acetate (CA)-based separator is developed by blending with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) using a simple reversible acetylation process. This separator exhibits inherent thermal stability and improved ionic conductivity due to the finger-like and sponge-like porous structure. Moreover, the discharge capacity of the separator with a CNC loading of 3% remains at 132.9 mA h g⁻¹ when the rate reverts to 0.2 C and the capacity retention reaches 89.5% after 50 cycles. Therefore, the obtained CA-based separators can be a competitive candidate for high-performance LIBs and point the way to sustainable development.