纳米粒子与纳米材料

介绍了纳米粒子的一些优异特性及纳米材料、纳米复合材料的研究进展,并着重介绍了无机纳米粒子填充聚合物复合材料的主要制备方法、研究现状及其良好性能.     

聚合物／无机纳米复合材料的制备及应用

简述了纳米粒子的制备方法,着重介绍了聚合物／无机纳米粒子纳米复合材料的制备,性能及应用。     

纳米材料的应用及新进展

介绍了纳米粒子的优异特性。着重介绍了聚合物／无机纳米粒子复合材料的主要制备方法，研究现状及应用和2000年聚合物粘土纳米复合材料的最新进展。     

聚合物基纳米复合材料的制备及研究进展

本文简要介绍了聚合物基纳米复合材料制备方法及研究进展,分析了纳米粒子在聚合物分散的机理及技术。     

聚合物无机纳米复合材料的研究进展

介绍了纳米粒子的特性和无机纳米粒子对聚合物改性的机理。总结了聚合物无机纳米复合材料的制备方法。     

聚合物基纳米复合材料的界面

对聚合物基纳米复合材料进行了简单的归类，综述了各种聚合物基纳米复合材料的界面研究进展。具体介绍了改善聚合物一热液晶聚合物(TLCP)纳米复合材料界面相容性的方法及TLCP的增韧机理、无机纳米粒子与聚合物界面相互作用对增强、增韧效果的影响及纳米粒子的增韧机理。并对纳米复合材料的界面研究提出了一些看法。     

1999年聚合物／无机纳米材料最新进展与21世纪发展的战略

简述了纳米粒子的一些优异特性及纳米粒子,纳米复合材料的最新研究进展。着重介绍了本世纪末聚合物／无机纳米复合材料的主要制备方法,研究及应用现状,并对其在２１世纪的发展提出了设想。     

聚合物纳米复合材料结晶行为研究进展

综述了聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料及聚合物/刚性纳米粒子复合材料中基体树脂的结晶行为,并分析了纳米粒子影响聚合物结晶过程的机理。     

1999年聚合物/无机纳米材料最新进展与21世纪发展战略

简述了纳米粒子的一些优异特性及纳米粒子,纳米复合材料的最新研究进展,着重介绍了本世纪末聚合物/无机纳米复合材料的主要制备方法,研究及应用现状,并对其在21世纪的发展提出了设想。     

聚合物-无机纳米复合材料的制备及应用前景

论述了纳米粒子的基本特征,介绍了聚合物-无机纳米复合材料的制备方法及应用前景.     

纳米微粒／聚丙烯复合材料的流变学研究进展

总结了有机纳米微粒和无机纳米微粒改性聚丙烯复合材料的流变学研究,并对纳米微粒改善复合材料的流变学性能进行了综述。纳米微粒的加入在提高复合材料力学性能的同时,能够改善复合材料的流变学性能,对材料的成型加工具有一定的指导意义。     

电化学法制备金属Co-P纳米粒子

采用化学镀技术制备了金属 Co- P纳米粒子 ,元素分析表明其成份为 Co:95 .7%、P:4.3%。由 X-射线衍射确认晶相为六方密排 Co。对其形状和大小进行了透射电镜和激光散射分析。确认 Co- P纳米粒子为球形 ,平均粒径为 37.0 nm。在正己烷中存在软团聚 ,团聚体平均尺寸约 65 .0nm。     

功能性Janus纳米颗粒的研究进展

Janus纳米颗粒是一类在空间或物化性质上各向异性的纳米材料,因其独特的性质和在功能涂层、环境、催化、生物医学等领域的应用而受到广泛关注。不同纳米颗粒的侧边分布为定制具备丰富功能的Janus纳米颗粒提供了一个灵活的平台,与传统均质纳米颗粒相比,功能性Janus纳米颗粒凭借两种功能或多种功能的结合拓展了更多的新兴应用领域。该文重点讨论了磁响应性、光催化性、非对称浸润性及自驱动性等功能性Janus纳米颗粒的制备策略;同时介绍了功能性Janus纳米颗粒的应用领域,并对其存在的问题进行分析讨论;最后,对功能性Janus纳米颗粒合成和应用前景进行了展望。     

纳米粒子添加剂在润滑剂中的应用与开发

具有特殊的物理、化学性质的纳米粒子在摩擦学领域引起人们极大的兴趣,研究表明,纳米粒子添加剂具有优良的抗磨减摩性能。但目前含纳米粒子润滑剂的商业产品寥寥无几,这主要是由于纳米粒子在润滑剂中的分散性和稳定性问题还没得到很好解决,本文详细综述了纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散性及稳定性的研究现状,纳米粒子作为油品添加剂的应用与开发等问题。     

Synthesis of core-shell gold coated magnetic nanoparticles and their interaction with thiolated DNA

Core-shell magnetic nanoparticles have received significant attention recently and are actively investigated owing to their large potential for a variety of applications. Here, the synthesis and characterization of bimetallic nanoparticles containing a magnetic core and a gold shell are discussed. The gold shell facilitates, for example, the conjugation of thiolated biological molecules to the surface of the nanoparticles. The composite nanoparticles were produced by the reduction of a gold salt on the surface of pre-formed cobalt or magnetite nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and super-conducting quantum interference device magnetometry. The spectrographic data revealed the simultaneous presence of cobalt and gold in 5.6±0.8 nm alloy nanoparticles, and demonstrated the presence of distinct magnetite and gold phases in 9.2±1.3 nm core-shell magnetic nanoparticles. The cobalt-gold nanoparticles were of similar size to the cobalt seed, while the magnetite-gold nanoparticles were significantly larger than the magnetic seeds, indicating that different processes are responsible for the addition of the gold shell. The effect on the magnetic properties by adding a layer of gold to the cobalt and magnetite nanoparticles was studied. The functionalization of the magnetic nanoparticles is demonstrated through the conjugation of thiolated DNA to the gold shell.     

Solid‐State Sintering of Glasses with Optical Nonlinearity from Mesoporous Powders

Silica glasses dispersed with Pt nanoparticles and Ag nanoparticles are derived from solid‐state sintering of mesoporous silica SBA‐15 encapsulated with Pt nanoparticles and Ag nanoparticles, respectively. Using mesoporous powders for sintering is a facile method to lower synthesis temperature for glass making and to efficiently disperse noble metal nanoparticles in silica glass matrix. The included nanoparticles still play their functional roles in impacting on optical properties of the glass products prepared by this novel method. The glass dispersed with Pt nanoparticles exhibits brown color due to the interband electron transition of Pt nanoparticles. The coloring effect of surface plasmon resonance absorption from Ag nanoparticles colors the glass dispersed with Ag nanoparticles with yellow. Open‐aperture and closed‐aperture Z‐scan methods are applied to measure third‐order nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficient of the composite glasses, respectively, under femtosecond laser radiation at 880 nm wavelength. The glass dispersed with Pt nanoparticles behaves intense nonlinear absorption comparing with nonlinear refraction in magnitude, which could be attributed to interband electron transition by monophoton absorption of Pt nanoparticles. The glass dispersed with Ag nanoparticles shows stronger nonlinear refraction than saturated absorption. The dominant contribution to third‐order optical nonlinearity of silica glass dispersed with Ag nanoparticles is intraband transition of free electrons near the Fermi surface of Ag nanoparticles. This method may have potential applications for fabricating silica glasses dispersed with ultrafine functional particles, which are potentially applicative in the fields of photonics.     

Hybrid Metal (Gold)-Inorganic (Silica) Nanoparticles: Synthesis,Characterization, and Spin-Labeling

Water-soluble gold nanoparticles, capped with captopril, have been synthesized and characterized. Their average size is 2.3 nm, with a spherical shape. These gold nanoparticles can be easily labeled with stable free radicals (4-amino-tempo) by a coupling reaction performed in the presence of 2-ethoxy-1-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ). Both synthesized and spin-labeled gold nanoparticles can be incorporated into much bigger (100 nm) silica nanoparticles using the Stober method, thus forming hybrid metal (gold)-inorganic (silica) nanoparticles. These hybrid silica nanoparticles (containing or not spin-labeled gold nanoparticles) can be easily spin-labeled with another stable free radical (4-isocyanato-tempo), leading to the formation of a double spin-labeled material. In this way, some stable free radicals are attached on the gold surface while others are attached on the silica surface. Three types of EPR spectra were recorded and discussed for the hybrid gold-silica nanoparticles: (1) where the spin labels are attached to the embedded gold nanoparticles, (2) where the spin labels are attached to the silica nanoparticles, and (3) in the case of the double spin labeled material where both gold and silica nanoparticles are spin-labeled. Influence of different solvents on the EPR spectra is also discussed.     

Recent advances in synthesis,characterization, and applications of nanoparticles for contaminated water treatment- A review

The major issue of consumable water shortage in different parts of the world has piqued the interest of researchers around the globe towards finding out novel, efficient and cost-effective means and techniques for treatment of contaminated water. Towards such efforts, researchers are experimenting with various types of nanoparticles for observing their abilities to treat polluted and/or wastewater. Numerous types of nanoparticles such as carbon-based nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, ceramic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, etc. are widely tested to confirm their applicability as potential candidates for contaminated as well as wastewater treatment. Different types of nanoparticles offer specific advantages depending on their composition, physical, chemical, electrical, magnetic and structural characteristics. Nanoparticles such as nanoferrites are reported to be easily separated, regenerated and reused up to several runs without incurring any loss in their properties which tend to significantly reduce operations costs. The present study provides a detailed review of the various synthesis and characterization techniques for the production of the nanoparticles. The present study also reviews the current progress, made particularly during the last two decades, in the application of nanoparticles for successful removal of organic, metallic as well as pathogenic pollutants from the water. This review aims to highlight the unlimited potential of nanoparticles and their derivatives in the domain of contaminated and wastewater treatment.     

Atomic force microscopy analysis of nanoparticles in non-ideal conditions

Nanoparticles are often measured using atomic force microscopy or other scanning probe microscopy methods. For isolated nanoparticles on flat substrates, this is a relatively easy task. However, in real situations, we often need to analyze nanoparticles on rough substrates or nanoparticles that are not isolated. In this article, we present a simple model for realistic simulations of nanoparticle deposition and we employ this model for modeling nanoparticles on rough substrates. Different modeling conditions (coverage, relaxation after deposition) and convolution with different tip shapes are used to obtain a wide spectrum of virtual AFM nanoparticle images similar to those known from practice. Statistical parameters of nanoparticles are then analyzed using different data processing algorithms in order to show their systematic errors and to estimate uncertainties for atomic force microscopy analysis of nanoparticles under non-ideal conditions. It is shown that the elimination of user influence on the data processing algorithm is a key step for obtaining accurate results while analyzing nanoparticles measured in non-ideal conditions.     

Frequency-Dependent Magnetic Susceptibility of Magnetite and Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Embedded in PAA Hydrogel

Chemically responsive hydrogels with embedded magnetic nanoparticles are of interest for biosensors that magnetically detect chemical changes. A crucial point is the irreversible linkage of nanoparticles to the hydrogel network, preventing loss of nanoparticles upon repeated swelling and shrinking of the gel. Here, acrylic acid monomers are adsorbed onto ferrite nanoparticles, which subsequently participate in polymerization during synthesis of poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels (PAA). To demonstrate the fixation of the nanoparticles to the polymer, our original approach is to measure low-field AC magnetic susceptibility spectra in the 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz range. In the hydrogel, the magnetization dynamics of small iron oxide nanoparticles are comparable to those of the particles dispersed in a liquid, due to fast Néel relaxation inside the particles; this renders the ferrogel useful for chemical sensing at frequencies of several kHz. However, ferrogels holding thermally blocked iron oxide or cobalt ferrite nanoparticles show significant decrease of the magnetic susceptibility resulting from a frozen magnetic structure. This confirms that the nanoparticles are unable to rotate thermally inside the hydrogel, in agreement with their irreversible fixation to the polymer network.