可信管道模型研究

针对可信计算基（TCB）可信扩展过程中涉及的隔离问题,提出了可信管道模型。对可信管道进行了形式化描述,给出了构成元素、建立规则和传输规则;分析了基本属性,证明了可信管道支撑下的TCB可信扩展符合非传递无干扰模型;分析了可信管道模型的安全性;给出了一个可信管道的实施框架。     

基于TrustZone的可信移动终端云服务安全接入方案

可信云架构为云计算用户提供了安全可信的云服务执行环境,保护了用户私有数据的计算与存储安全. 然而在移动云计算高速发展的今天, 仍然没有移动终端接入可信云服务的安全解决方案. 针对上述问题, 提出了一种可信移动终端云服务安全接入方案, 方案充分考虑了移动云计算应用背景, 利用ARM TrustZone硬件隔离技术构建可信移动终端, 保护云服务客户端及安全敏感操作在移动终端的安全执行, 结合物理不可克隆函数技术, 给出了移动终端密钥与敏感数据管理机制. 在此基础之上, 借鉴可信计算技术思想, 设计了云服务安全接入协议, 协议兼容可信云架构, 提供云服务端与移动客户端间的端到端认证. 分析了方案具备的6种安全属性, 给出了基于方案的移动云存储应用实例, 实现了方案的原型系统. 实验结果表明, 可信移动终端TCB较小, 方案具有良好的可扩展性和安全可控性, 整体运行效率较高.     

基于可信主体的高可信数据库系统结构设计

分析了基于可信主体的DBMS高可信安全体系的设计方法,通过一个基于角色机制的DBMS体系结构设计实例,探讨了在高可信的要求下DBMS的存取控制、体系、TCB和事务处理的设计,最后给出了该DBMS设计中存在的问题及下一步的工作。     

TCB可信扩展模型研究

TCB的可信性与系统安全密切相关。随着TCB边界的不断扩大,保证TCB边界可信扩展成为信息安全防范的重要环节。目前针对TCB扩展的研究主要集中在技术层面,理论研究相对欠缺。基于可信计算思想研究了TCB可信扩展模型,依据安全策略将TCB层次化分割为TCB子集,形式化描述了TCB子集之间的可信支撑关系,证明了TCB可信扩展性的必要条件,提出了模型的实施框架。     

清华同方TST系统信任机制和实现

本文提出了一种基于可信密码模块的系统信任链实现方式。这种信任机制构建于可信密码平台模块（TCM）之上,符合《可信计算密码支持平台功能与接口规范》要求,保证了整个系统的可信。同时本文给出了具体实现,为开发基于可信密码模块的系统信任链提供了解决方案,为推广国产可信计算平台提供了有力的技术支撑：     

基于轻量级虚拟化环境的可信多级安全容器机制

传统的多级安全机制在实现时一般需要依赖安全操作系统,但最终证明这些多级安全系统在实际应用方面并不成功。针对目前多级安全机制实用性差的问题,提出一种基于轻量级虚拟化环境的可信多级安全容器机制。首先对系统安全域进行划分,提出一套多级安全策略规则,然后通过形式化方法证明其符合多级安全要求;最后通过联合文件系统技术和容器技术说明该机制的技术可行性,并对应用场景给出了说明。结果表明,本方法实现简单,应用范围广,可以有效改善多级安全机制实用性差的问题。     

基于龙芯处理器的可信计算机研究与设计

随着龙芯处理器芯片的日益成熟,基于龙芯处理器嵌入式计算机产品在军事等领域得到应用,为满足特定应用领域的安全可信需要,实现计算机终端系统的安全性、数据保密性和可用性,以国产龙芯处理器为例,通过分析处理器的硬件架构与工作原理,结合可信计算技术,重点分析了基于龙芯处理器的可信计算机体系结构、信任根的构建、信任链传递机制,提出了可信软件协议栈设计思路,实际应用中验证了基于龙芯处理器可信计算机设计方法的可行性和正确性。     

增强RSVP-TE协议下的可信连接建立方法

针对可信网络中亟需解决的可信连接建立方法展开研究,以增强型RSVP-TE可信连接控制协议为基础,结合可信度量、基于CPK的协议安全认证及可信路由等技术,提出了一种具备节点可信度、带宽和优先级保障的可信连接建立方法,最终为数据在网络中的传送提供高安全可信的信息传输服务。仿真实验结果表明,该方法能够灵敏准确地反映节点状态变化和恶意攻击,能够有效地保证网络连接的安全可信性,具有良好的动态响应和抗攻击能力。     

可信PDA计算平台系统结构与安全机制

PDA作为一种手持设备,面临着众多的安全问题.文中利用可信计算思想构造了可信PDA的体系结构与安全机制.首先提出了一种带数据恢复功能的星型信任结构,其在安全性、效率及可靠性等方面较TCG的链式信任结构都有很大提升.在此基础上,进一步使用总线仲裁等技术构造了可信PDA的体系结构模型.文中还提出并实现了针对可信PDA嵌入式操作系统的安全增强、基于可信PDA平台的可信网络连接(TNC)以及SD卡全卡加密等新的安全技术与方法.在此基础上,给出一种可信PDA的原型系统.经过实验验证,这款可信PDA在各方面都达到了可信计算平台的技术要求.     

基于可信计算平台的接入认证模型和OIAP授权协议的研究与应用

在参考现有认证技术的基础上,提出了一种基于可信计算平台的可信接入认证模型.利用此模型可以及时发现待接入设备是否是安全可信,然后进行正确处理.在确定接入的设备是安全可信后,考虑到下一步此设备需要使用认证授权协议OIAP向服务资源发出申请,但是OIAP协议本身存在基于口令机制的缺陷,为此本文还提出增强OIAP协议安全性的方法.在＂八六三＂项目＂可信计算系统平台＂中的实际应用证明上述的模型和方法的有效性,并展现了其良好的应用前景.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.