改进植物纤维/热塑性塑料复合材料界面相容性的技术进展

综述了国内外在改进天然植物纤维增强热塑性塑料复合材料界面相容性方面所做的研究工作及最新进展,分析了复合材料界面相容性的影响因素。目前改进界面相容性的方法主要包括:天然植物纤维的表面处理,如碱化和酯化预处理、接枝改性、浸润处理、表面物理加工;添加合适的界面改性剂(如界面相容剂、化学偶联剂、表面活性剂等);以及塑料基体改性等;其他因素对复合材料相容性也有影响。     

美国高浓度过氧化氢与金属材料相容性研究进展

介绍了美国在高浓度过氧化氢与金属材料相容性方面的研究情况,概述了相容性的分级标准、分级依据和测试方法,并总结归纳了美国金属材料相容性的研究成果,分析了影响高浓度过氧化氢与金属材料相容性的因素。     

共混聚合物的相容性

本文讨论了共混聚合物相容性的热力学关系式及影响相容性的因素如溶度参数δ、极性、表面张力γ、结晶能力、粘度和分子量等,分子内和分子间的相互作用对相容性的影响也很大。     

水泥与减水剂相容性的研究

减水剂与水泥之间的相容性是现代混凝土生产与施工所必须考虑的问题,也是水泥生产企业应该关注的问题。本文研究了两种高效减水剂对不同企业生产的水泥的相容性,研究了掺不同混合材时水泥与减水剂的相容性。结果表明,同一种水泥与不同减水剂之间的相容性不一样;同一种减水剂与不同厂家的水泥之间的相容性也不一样;各种混合材对减水剂的适应性也有较大的差距。分析了影响水泥与高效减水剂相容性的因素。     

相容性对合金分离膜结构和性能的影响

介绍了相容性对合金膜的结构和性能的意义。液相共混高分子合金膜的结构与其共混体系的相容性密切相关 ,影响合金体系相容性的因素包括共混体系的性质、组成、分子结构、分子质量、结晶度、增塑作用、溶剂和操作温度等 ,因此可以通过以上途径来调控合金体系的相容性 ,进而得到理想的膜性能     

混合原油相容性及对加工过程的影响

针对炼油厂不同类型原油混炼的工艺,考察了不同类型的原油混合时的相容性,并进一步研究了混合原油相容性对蒸馏及热加工过程的影响,实验发现原油组成是影响原油混合时相容性的主要因素,实验结果表明处于不相容状态的混合原油,蒸馏时轻质馏分收率较理论值偏低,常压渣油热加工过程结焦率增加。     

水泥与外加剂相容性差的原因分析及解决措施

水泥与外加剂相容性的影响因素众多,如熟料矿物组成、粉磨工艺、水泥细度、混合材种类等。本文结合本公司的实际问题,分析了水泥与外加剂相容性差的原因,提出了相应的解决措施。结果表明,从改善熟料矿物组成和提高熟料烧成质量入手,可改善水泥与外加剂的相容性,效果显著。     

水泥熟料中间体的析晶程度对水泥与高效减水剂相容性的影响

综合采取了化学萃取法及X射线衍射法2种方法,分析比较了8种水泥熟料中间体析晶程度的大小,检测了各熟料对应的水泥与高效减水剂相容性的差异,据此分析了熟料中间体的析晶程度对水泥与高效减水剂相容性的影响。试验发现,水泥与高效减水剂的相容性不仅受到熟料中间体各矿物含量的影响,而且与中间体各矿物的析晶程度有很大关系,熟料中间体矿物的析晶程度是水泥与高效减水剂的相容性的重要影响因素。     

高聚物共混体系相容性的改善

聚合物—聚合物之间的相容性是决定高分子共混物性能的主要因素。本文评述了改进高聚物共混体系相容性的主要方法,包括与极性单体共聚,对高分子作化学改性以及引入特殊相互作用基团等。文章还总结了近年来应用以上方法以及应用共聚物作为高聚物共混体系的相容剂来改进相容性的新结果。     

饱和聚酯树脂相容性研究

文章讨论了几种饱和聚酯树脂之间,饱和聚酯树脂与氨基树脂、丙烯酸树脂、CAB之间的相容性情况,并对涂料用树脂相容性的影响因素作了简要的分析。     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.