格栅填料的应用技术总结

通过我公司在造气进出口洗涤塔及脱硫塔中应用格栅填料,总结得出格栅填料具有通气量大、压降低、不会造成粉尘焦油堵塞,冷却效果好等优点,可以使造气和脱硫系统正常、稳定、长周期、高效运行,具有较高的节能和经济效益。     

交错型开窗导流填料的流体力学性能

为了提高规整填料通量,对传统开窗导流填料结构进行改善,提出一种新型交错式开窗导流填料。在不同喷淋密度下,采用空气-水系统对3种不同交错高度的开窗导流填料进行冷模实验,研究分析了其流体力学性能,并与传统开窗导流填料进行对比。实验结果表明:新型交错规整填料的压降随着喷淋密度的增加而增大,填料盘的交错式结构有效降低塔压降,提高通量,改善气液分布。与传统开窗导流填料相比,3种新型填料盘的干塔压降、湿塔压降显著降低,液泛气速显著提高。其中180-20型填料的压降降低最为显著,220-20型填料的液泛气速最低。同时,在LEVA模型和Bain-Hougen模型的基础上,获得了实验条件下干塔压降、湿塔压降和液泛气速的关联式,其计算结果与实验数据吻合较好。     

新型高能力格栅填料的流体力学性能研究

本文对四种交叉排列形式格栅填料的流体力学性能进行了研究,关联了试验数据,总结了压降和操作负荷计算公式,并对流动状态作了分析。试验表明,格栅填料是一种能力大、压降低的优良塔用填料。     

开孔与层数对丝网波纹填料流体力学性能的影响

测定了单层无孔、双层无孔、单层开孔和双层开孔4种不同结构的金属丝网波纹填料的流体力学性能,以研究表面开孔和丝网层数对丝网波纹填料流体力学性能的影响。在直径100 mm的有机玻璃塔中使用空气-水体系对4种不同结构的金属丝网波纹填料进行了干填料压降、湿填料压降、泛点气速、持液量等流体力学性能测试。试验结果表明,4种丝网填料中双层开孔填料的干填料压降与湿填料压降低、泛点气速大、持液量适中,较其余3种填料流体力学性能更优秀。     

新型规整填料的流体力学性能研究

介绍了一种新型规整填料XY-1000,对XY-1000金属丝网波纹填料进行了流体力学性能实验.测定了干、湿填料塔的压降,泛点气速,得出了关联式.结果表明XY-1000型填料塔压降较低,操作弹性、通量较大,所得关联式误差在±18%以内.与WSY型填料相比,它是一种适应更广泛、性能优越的填料.     

规整填料压降研究新进展

综述了文献中关于规整填料压降的计算方法和模型,并对这些模型的理论基础和适用条件做了简要分析和比较。传统规整填料压降模型的来源主要是散堆填料的压降关联式和湿壁塔模型。重点归纳了基于过程基本规律的机理模型,与传统压降模型相比,在通用性、适用范围和准确性等方面都有不同程度的改进。同时指出了有待进一步探索和改进的若干问题。     

规整填料层压降的计算及与散装填料的比较

根据文献[6]导出的规整填料层压降关联式,由实验数据计算出9种规整填料本文关联式的压降常数,用空气-水物系和非水物系的实验数据进行了验证,并与Billet关联式计算值和实验值进行了比较;对规整填料层与散装填料的泛点和压降进行了比较。结果表明:该关联式与实验数据吻合较好,压降计算误差在±15％;规整填料力学性能优于散装填料。     

常减压下几种规整填料精馏特性的研究

对丝网BX、陶瓷BY、不锈钢板波纹填料及环矩鞍填料的传质性能和流体力学性能进行了测定,得到了三种规整填料全回流条件下较为简明的压降关联式,探讨了一些因素对各型填料精馏特性的影响。     

塑料格栅填料的开发与应用

介绍塑料格栅填料的特点，在易淤积的塔器中使用塑料格栅填料，可提高传质效率，降低运行阻力。塑料格栅填料是一种高效、低阻力、大通量的规整填料。     

土工格栅与不同粒径填料界面作用特性试验研究

路基边坡加筋设计时,土工格栅与填料间的界面作用特性是影响加筋边坡工程安全与稳定的重要因素.为研究土工格栅与不同粒径填料的界面摩擦特性,进行了土工格栅与3种不同粒径均匀粗粒土的拉拔试验,分析了法向应力、填料粒径和拉拔速率3个因素对界面参数的影响.试验结果表明:土工格栅所受的最大拉拔力,随着填料粒径和拉拔速率的增大而增大,但填料粒径比拉拔速率的增幅大;不同粒径或不同拉拔速率下,格栅-土的界面最大剪应力与法向应力均呈线性拟合关系;填料粒径的增大显著提高了界面参数似黏聚力,但对似摩擦角变化不明显;拉拔速率的增大,使得界面参数似黏聚力几乎呈线性增长,而似摩擦角变化不明显.该试验结果对加筋边坡工程的设计具有一定的参考价值.     

Performance characteristics of a packing with boundary layer turbulizers. III. Liquid film controlled mass transfer

Liquid film controlled mass transfer in a novel design of a honeycomb packing (Turbo-Pack) with turbulizers in the region of the boundary layer has been studied. For comparison, packings without turbulizers have also been investigated. Dimensionless equations for evaluation of mass transfer are proposed and their constants have been analyzed statistically. It is shown that the presence of turbulizers leads to an increase of the mass-transfer coefficient by up to 55% and to a decrease of up to 4.5-times in the packing pressure drop per mass transfer unit. A comparison over the most effective packings known from the literature shows that, as far as its low pressure drop per mass transfer unit is concerned, the novel packing is superior to all other packings.     

填料因子的确定方法和物理意义

本文提出了确定填料因子的简便方法，探讨了填料因子的物理意义。认为引入湿填料因子和液泛填料因子是不恰当的，推荐按Ｋｉｓｔｅｒ－Ｇｉｌｌ经验关联式计算国产填料的泛点压降。     

Performance characteristics of a packing with boundary layer turbulizers. IV. Gas-film controlled masstransfer

The gas-film controlled mass-transfer rate in a honeycomb packing, with stamped groove turbulizers (Turbo-Pack) which affect the region of the boundary layer, has been studied. An equation for determining the mass-transfer coefficient as a function of gas velocity and the geometrical dimensions of the packing has been derived. It is found that the effect of the height of packing blocks is far less than that forecast by Zhavoronkov's equation which was derived for packings with a much higher wall thickness. Comparison of experimental data relevant to the novel design with reference packings cited in the literature shows that as far as its low values of pressure drop per mass transfer unit are concerned the Turbo-Pack packing is superior to all other known packings.     

液相流动方式对波纹规整填料性能的影响

根据液相在波纹规整填料片上呈现渗流、膜状流等不同的流动方式,选择5种不同的波纹规整填料对其流体力学和传质性能进行研究,以探究液相在波纹片上的流动方式对波纹规整填料性能的影响.研究结果表明,液相呈渗流流动的泡沫碳化硅波纹规整填料(SCFP型)有利于液体横向扩散和液膜均匀分布,当液相喷淋密度和气相F因子均较小时,其压降最低,传质效率最高;液相主要呈渗流流动、兼有膜状流动的双层错孔丝网填料(DMⅢ型)有利于波纹片两侧液体交换,强化液体在流动过程中的扰动,其压降及传质性能略逊于SCFP型填料;液相主要呈膜状流动的BX型、DMⅠ型及DMⅡ型填料波纹片表面液膜较厚,横向扩散能力差,其传质效率低于SCFP型和DMⅢ型填料.研究揭示了依靠渗流作用的波纹规整填料具有较好的应用性能,为波纹规整填料的进一步发展开拓了新思路.     

Comparative study of dry pressure drop and flow behaviour of gas flow through sieve plate packing

Sieve plate packing is a newly developed packing that has been used in several industries due to its simple structure and operating flexibility, and no liquid flooding. In this work, first, systematic experiments were conducted to measure the pressure drop of gas flow through six sieve plate packings. The results indicated that the geometric characteristics of the packing have complicated effects on the pressure drops. Based on this, CFD simulations on the gas flow field were conducted using the realizable k-ε model, and flow behaviours such as the pressure drop, pressure nephogram, and velocity distributions within different packings were obtained. The simulation results clearly showed interesting flow patterns, including the contraction and expansion of the gas stream through the sieve hole, the flow separation on the sharp edge of the hole, and the vortexes formed when gas impacts the downstream plate. By comparing the flow patterns and the pressure drop under different packings operating at different conditions, the effects of the geometric characteristics of the packing on the pressure drop could be clearly distinguished from the flow behaviours, so that the variations in pressure drop with various packing structures were clearly indicated. Finally, based on the experimental data and the simulated results, correlations for the prediction of the pressure drops were proposed. This work will provide a useful basis for understanding the flow behaviour of gas and liquid two-phase flow in sieve plate packing.     

Liquid‐bridge flow in the channel of helical string and its application to gas–liquid contacting process

To solve the problems of the traditional packings, such as high pressure drop, mal‐distribution and short liquid residence time, a helical flow structured packings was proposed. Two different flow patterns, liquid‐bridge flow and liquid‐drop flow were identified when the width of the channel of the helical string was adjusted. Moreover, the characteristics of the helical liquid‐bridge flow including maximum liquid loading, mean thickness of liquid film, mean residence time and effective specific surface area, were examined. And the separation efficiency was studied by the lab‐scale distillation column. In comparison, the effective specific surface area of the helical flow type packings is almost as large as the traditional B1‐350Y structured packings, but with thinner liquid film, longer liquid residence time and finally higher separation efficiency. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3360–3368, 2018     

Heat transport in structured packings with co-current downflow of gas and liquid

Improvements in catalyst activity make the heat transport in fixed bed reactors increasingly important. Structured packings operated in two-phase flow are expected to outperform randomly packed beds, but heat transfer data on structured packings is scarce. In this work structured packings such as OCFS (Open Cross Flow Structures), CCFS (Closed Cross Flow Structures), knitted wire, and foam were characterised with respect to the heat transfer performance. A dedicated set-up was designed and built which enabled us to measure the heat transfer rates in two-phase flow at ambient pressure in the absence of reaction. Benchmarking and set-up validation was carried out using glass beads. The structured packings—especially OCFS and CCFS—show heat transfer coefficients that are superior over those of glass beads, at lower energy dissipation.     

Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Dry Pressure Drop in High‐Capacity Structured Packings

Experimental and numerical studies were conducted on the performance and capacity of structured packings for mixture separation with very low separation factor. Different formations and conditions of the innovative structured packing PACK‐2100 with high surface area were studied to evaluate the main characteristics such as dry pressure drop. In addition, numerical simulation was performed to describe the details of the flow structure in these modified structured packings. Three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics modeling of PACK‐2100 allowed for comparing the pressure drop in both laminar and turbulent flow regime. The obtained experimental and numerical data demonstrate the potential contribution of the packing to high‐efficiency systems with low separation factor.     

Experimental Investigation of the Froth Height in Columns with Sandwich Packings

Sandwich packings, consisting of alternatingly stacked conventional structured packings with different geometric surface areas, are promising for increasing capacity and efficiency of separation columns. Film flow and froth flow evolve along a stack, which requires comprehensive fluid dynamic analysis. In particular, the froth height is an essential parameter to determine the spatial extent of the flow regimes. Ultrafast X‐ray tomography and a 3D‐printed pressure drop profile measurement module were applied to independently estimate this parameter. The results are compared with existing correlations.     

A Shortcut Method for the Estimation of Structured Packings HEPT in Distillation

A shortcut method to calculate HETP for metal structured packings is proposed. The method is a simplification and extension of Lockett's equation for sheet packings, based on the Bravo, Rocha and Fair model. It is applicable at vacuum or pressure distillation of organic or aqueous mixtures in columns of sheet and gauze packings. The necessary variables are specific surface of packing, density of vapor and liquid and flow (when gauze packings are being considered). No estimation of hydrodynamic conditions is necessary.