Climate,Health, and Nursing Tool (CHANT): A confirmatory factor analysis

Objective

To confirm the factor structure of the Climate, Health, and Nursing Tool (CHANT) tool via confirmatory factor analysis.

Design and sample

This is a cross-sectional analysis of voluntary, anonymous responses collected online in 2019, from a non-representative sample of 489 nurses from 12 nations with 95% of the respondents from the United States.

Measurements

A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test a five-factor measurement model of the 22-item CHANT. Reliability was examined via Cronbach's α coefficient.

Results

The five CHANT subscales demonstrated acceptable reliability with Cronbach's α ranging from 0.67 to 0.91. The five-factor model of CHANT demonstrated good fit, x²(199) = 582.747, p < .001, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.06, and SRMR = 0.04 with statistically significant item-factor loadings.

Conclusion

CHANT is a reliable and robust instrument to measure nurses’ awareness, concern, motivation, and home and work behaviors regarding climate change and health, and is ready to be utilized in research, policy, professional settings, and among educators.     

The relationship between health and housing in low-income older adults: A secondary analysis of survey data

Objective

To examine the health-housing relationship in low-income older adults, and differences by income and receipt of housing assistance.

Design

Secondary analysis of longitudinal survey data.

Sample

About 10,858 adults aged 62+ who completed at least one wave of the 2014 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) (n = 37,333 observations).

Measurements

SIPP variables representing demographics and housing quality, affordability, stability, and neighborhood were analyzed. Low-income and higher-income participants were differentiated by the household income-to-poverty ratio.

Results

Low-income participants were significantly more likely to be in poor health and report problems with housing quality, affordability, and neighborhood safety compared to higher-income participants (p < .001). Increased household size and problems with housing quality and neighborhood safety were associated with poor health in both groups (p < .05). Low-income participants who received housing assistance were significantly poorer, less healthy, and food insecure than participants not receiving assistance (p < .001); however, the health-housing relationship was not different in the two groups.

Conclusions

Results provide additional support for housing as a social determinant of older adult health. Though housing assistance programs reached a subset of low-income older adults, the results suggest a housing assistance shortfall. Implications for public health nurses and researchers are explored.     

Plasma CXCL1 levels and TRAF3IP2 variants in patients with myocardial infarction

Background

IL‐17A plays an important role in inflammatory responses in myocardial infarction (MI). IL‐17A signals through its receptor, for which, Act1 (TRAF3IP2) functions as a key upstream adaptor in the pathway.

Aim

To compare frequencies of functional polymorphisms of TRAF3IP2 (rs13210247, rs33980500) between patients with MI and healthy controls.

Methods

The selected SNPs were studied in 201 Iranian MI patients and 201 healthy blood donors from Fars Province by PCR‐RFLP in association with clinicopathologic criteria of patients. CXCL1 plasma levels in 126 MI patients and 50 normal subjects were measured by ELISA.

Results

A significant increase in the mutant (T) allele of TRAF3IP2 rs33980500 in patients with diastolic dysfunction of the heart (P = .01) was observed. The highest correlation, however, was observed between the TRAF3IP2 rs33980500 TT genotype and T allele with left main coronary artery stenosis (P = .01, P < .001; OR = 31.03). T allele of TRAF3IP2 rs33980500 was also associated with female gender, family history of cardiovascular disease, and mechanical complications of heart (P = .04, P = .02, and P = .01, respectively). Moreover, TRAF3IP2 rs13210247 (G) correlated with mechanical complications of the heart (P = .01). A significant increase in the plasma levels of CXCL1 chemokine in patients (P = .0006) associated with TT genotype of TRAF3IP2 (rs33980500) was observed (P = .04).

Conclusion

The gene variants of Act1 adaptor are associated with correlates of poor outcome in patients with MI and plasma CXCL1 levels.

     

Living with relapsed myeloma: Symptoms and self‐care strategies

Aims and Objectives

To explore which symptoms relapsed myeloma patients experience and what self‐care strategies are used.

Methods

This was a qualitative study utilising focus group interviews (n = 4) with relapsed myeloma patients (n = 15) and carers (n = 9). The focus groups were analysed and guided by thematic analysis.

Results

Three major themes with subthemes were identified following analysis of the interview data: “difficult symptoms; “self‐care” and “feeling vulnerable.” These findings indicate the challenges relapsed myeloma patients experience with ongoing symptoms and highlight the importance of continuity of care.

Conclusions

Symptom management for myeloma patients remains complex due to the array of treatments given. These patients require holistic care and thorough regular assessments to help them cope with the adverse effects on their physical and psychological health. For patients with a long‐term diagnosis of myeloma, self‐management workshops and regular education sessions may be of benefit.

Relevance to clinical practice

This study highlights the key role of healthcare professionals in going beyond assessment of symptoms to offering advice and support to assist relapsed myeloma patients in managing their symptoms.     

Frailty risk in hospitalised older adults with and without diabetes mellitus

Background

Research indicates that diabetes mellitus (DM) may be a risk factor for frailty and individuals with DM are more likely to be frail than individuals without DM; however, there is limited research in hospitalised older adults.

Objectives

To determine the extent of frailty in hospitalised older adults with and without DM using a 16‐item Frailty Risk Score (FRS) and assess the role of frailty in predicting 30‐day rehospitalisation, discharge to an institution and in‐hospital mortality.

Methods

The study was a retrospective, cohort, correlational design and secondary analysis of a data set consisting of electronic health record data. The sample was older adults hospitalised on medicine units. Logistic regression was performed for 30‐day rehospitalisation and discharge location. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyse time to in‐hospital death and weighted using propensity scores.

Results

Of 278 hospitalised older adults, 49% had DM, and the mean FRS was not significantly different by DM status (9.6 vs. 9.1, p = 0.07). For 30‐day rehospitalisation, increased FRS was associated with significantly increased odds of rehospitalisation (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI [1.01, 1.51], p = 0.04). Although 81% were admitted from home, 57% were discharged home and 43% to an institution. An increased FRS was associated with increased odds of discharge to an institution (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI [1.26, 1.74], p < 0.001). The FRS was not significantly associated with increased risk of in‐hospital death (p = 0.17), but DM was associated with a 484% increase in the instantaneous risk of death (AHR = 5.84, 95% CI [1.71, 19.9], p = 0.005).

Conclusion

Diabetes mellitus and frailty were highly prevalent; the mean FRS was not significantly different by DM status. Although increased frailty was significantly associated with rehospitalisation and discharge to an institution, only DM was significantly associated with in‐hospital mortality.

Relevance to clinical practice

Frailty assessment may augment clinical assessment and facilitate tailoring care and determining optimal outcomes in patients with and without DM.     

Joint effects of prothrombotic genotypes and body height on the risk of venous thromboembolism: the Tromsø study

Essentials

• Body height and prothrombotic genotypes are associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
• The joint effect of prothrombotic genotypes and tall stature on VTE risk is scarcely investigated.
• We investigated the joint effect of prothrombotic genotypes and tall stature on VTE risk.
• Prothrombotic genotypes did not yield excess risk of VTE in subjects with a tall stature.

Summary

Background

Studies have reported synergistic effects of prothrombotic single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and obesity on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Tall stature is associated with an increased VTE risk, but the joint effect of prothrombotic genotypes and tall stature on the VTE risk is unknown.

Aims

To investigate the joint effects of prothrombotic genotypes and tall stature on the VTE risk.

Methods

Cases with incident VTE (n = 676) and a randomly selected age‐weighted subcohort (n = 1842) were sampled from the Tromsø study (cohort follow‐up: 1994–2012). DNA was genotyped for rs6025 (factor V Leiden), rs1799963 (FII), rs8176719 (ABO blood group), rs2066865 (fibrinogen‐γ), and rs2036914 (FIX). Age‐adjusted and sex‐adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of VTE were calculated by categories of risk alleles (de Haan 5‐SNP score: 0–1, 2–3, and ≥ 4) and body height (< 40th, 40th–80th and > 80th percentiles).

Results

The VTE risk increased by increasing category of body height, and subjects with height ≥ 178 cm had a two‐fold higher VTE risk (HR 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51–2.73) than those with height ≤ 165 cm. The VTE risk also increased across categories of risk alleles. However, the combination of a tall stature and risk alleles, either individual SNPs or risk score, did not result in an excess VTE risk. Subjects with four or more risk alleles and height ≥ 178 cm had a two‐fold (HR 2.08; 95% CI 1.24–3.52) higher VTE risk than subjects ≤ 165 cm with no risk allele or one risk allele.

Conclusions

In contrast to obesity, the presence of prothrombotic genotypes did not result in an excess VTE risk in subjects with a tall stature.     

Serum carbohydrate antigen 153 and renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective

The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between serum carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153) and renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

A total of 184 patients with T2DM were included, and renal function was assessed by the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula adjusted coefficient of the Chinese people.

Results

Serum CA153 concentrations were positively correlated with blood glucose (BG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (r = .204, P = .005; r = .165, P = .025) in patients with T2DM. There was a negative correlation between serum CA153 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r = −.229, P = .002) in whole patients with T2DM; similarly, the correlations were observed in both women and men (r = −.228, P = .028 for women, r = −.231, P = .028 for men). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that serum CA153 was still significantly correlated with estimated GFR (beta = −0.286, P < .001).

Conclusions

Serum CA153 is negatively correlated with estimated GFR in patients with T2DM, and serum CA153 may be a potentially useful clinical biomarker to assess renal function in the study population.

     

Correlation between neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and Ranson score in acute pancreatitis

Background

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by inflammation of the pancreas, elevated pancreatic enzymes, and abdominal pain. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is used as a marker of inflammation. In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate novel early prognostic predictors of AP, such as NLR and its correlation with the Ranson score.

Methods

A total 435 patients (Male: 152; 34.9%, Age: 63.53 ± 17.22 years) were included in the study. Data were collected by two clinicians scanning the registered hospital records.

Results

Classification of the patients according to the aetiologies revealed gallstone(s) 58.6% (n = 255), hyperlipidaemia 2.2% (n = 9), viruses 0.7% (n = 3), malignancies 0.5% (n = 2), and alcohol 0.2% (n = 1). No reason was discovered in 37.9% (n = 165) of patients. Age, duration in the intensive care unit, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, and the NLR were greater in the group with a Ranson score ≥3 than the group with a Ranson score <3.

Discussion

Quick diagnosis is essential in AP. Current scoring systems for AP diagnosis are complicated, whereas NLP is a simple, practical, and effective marker.

     

Effect of Baduanjin on physical functioning and balance in adults with mild-to-moderate intellectual disabilities: A comparative study

Background

Adults with intellectual disabilities often experience mobility limitations. Baduanjin, a mindfulness-based exercise intervention, can exert positive effects on functional mobility and balance. This study examined the impact of Baduanjin on physical functioning and balance of adults with intellectual disabilities.

Method

Twenty-nine adults with intellectual disabilities participated in the study. Eighteen received a Baduanjin intervention for 9-months; 11 participants did not receive any intervention (comparison group). Physical functioning and balance were assessed using the short physical performance battery (SPPB) and stabilometry.

Results

Participants in the Baduanjin group experienced significant changes in the SPPB walking test (p = .042), chair stand test (p = .015), and SPPB summary score (p = .010). No significant changes between groups were observed in any of the variables assessed at the end of the intervention.

Conclusions

Baduanjin practice may cause significant, albeit small, improvements in physical functioning of adults with intellectual disabilities.     

Clinical and economic impact of compression in the acute phase of deep vein thrombosis

Essentials

• The value of compression therapy in acute phase of deep vein thrombosis is still unclear.
• Patients with deep vein thrombosis received acute compression hosiery, bandaging, or none.
• Acute compression reduces irreversible skin signs related to post thrombotic syndrome.
• Compression hosiery may be the preferred choice for the acute phase

Summary

Background

The effectiveness of compression therapy in the acute phase of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is not yet determined.

Objectives

To investigate the impact of compression therapy in the acute phase of DVT on determinants of the Villalta score, health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), and costs.

Patients/Methods

Eight hundred and sixty‐five patients with proximal DVT (substudy of the IDEAL DVT study) received, immediately after DVT diagnosis, either no compression, multilayer bandaging, or hosiery. In the acute phase and 3 months after diagnosis, HRQOL was determined by use of the EQ‐5D, SF6D, and VEINES‐QoL intrinsic method (VEINES‐QoL^int). At 3 months, signs and symptoms were assessed for the total and separate items of the Villalta score, and healthcare costs were calculated.

Results

The compression groups had lower overall objective Villalta scores than the no‐compression group (1.47 [standard deviation (SD) 1.570] and 1.59 [SD 1.64] versus 2.21 [SD 2.15]). The differences were mainly attributable to irreversible skin signs (induration, hyperpigmentation, and venectasia) and pain on calf compression. Subjective and total Villalta scores were similar across groups. Differences in HRQOL were only observed at 1 month; HRQOL was better for hosiery (EQ‐5D 0.86 [SD 0.18]; VEINES‐QoL^int 0.66 [SD 0.18]) than for multilayer compression bandaging (EQ‐5D 0.81 [SD 0.23; VEINES‐QoL^int 0.62 [SD 0.19]). Mean healthcare costs per patient were €417.08 (€354.10 to €489.30) for bandaging, €114.25 (€92.50 to €198.43) for hosiery, and €105.86 (€34.63 to €199.30) for no compression.

Conclusions

Initial compression reduces irreversible skin signs, edema, and pain on calf compression. Multilayer bandaging is slightly more effective than hosiery, but has substantially higher costs, without a gain in HRQOL. From a patient and economic perspective, compression hosiery would be preferred when initial compression is applied. Trial registration: IDEAL DVT study ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01429714.     

Aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase‐to‐platelet ratio outweigh fibrosis index based on four factors and red cell distribution width‐platelet ratio in diagnosing liver fibrosis and inflammation in chronic hepatitis B

Background

The benefits of using serum markers to diagnose stages of liver disease in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients are controversial. We conducted a study to compare the clinical significance of four markers in evaluating liver inflammation and fibrosis in CHB patients.

Methods

A total of 323 treatment‐naive CHB patients who received a liver biopsy and routine laboratory testing were enrolled in our study. We used the Scheuer scoring system as a pathological standard for diagnosing liver inflammation and fibrosis. The diagnostic performance of the fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB‐4), the aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), the gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase‐to‐platelet ratio (GPR), and the red cell distribution width‐platelet ratio (RPR) were analyzed with receiver‐operating characteristic curves (ROC).

Results

No significant differences among the four indexes for diagnosing significant fibrosis (S ≥ 2) was found, while APRI and GPR were superior to FIB‐4 and RPR in diagnosing moderate (G ≥ 2), severe (G ≥ 3) inflammation, and severe fibrosis (S ≥ 3). The AUROCs for diagnosing G ≥ 2 and G ≥ 3 were 0.732 and 0.861 for APRI, 0.726 and0.883 for GPR, 0.703 and0.705 for FIB‐4, and 0.660 and 0.747 for RPR, respectively. The AUROCs for diagnosing S ≥ 2 and S ≥ 3 were0.724 and 0.799 for APRI, 0.714 and0.801 for GPR, 0.683 and0.730 for FIB‐4, and 0.643 and 0.705 for RPR, respectively.

Conclusion

APRI and GPR were more effective than FIB‐4 and RPR at diagnosing liver inflammation and fibrosis.

     

Translation and validation of the Canadian diabetes risk assessment questionnaire in China

Objectives

To adapt the Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire for the Chinese population and to evaluate its psychometric properties.

Design and Sample

A cross‐sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 194 individuals aged 35–74 years from October 2014 to April 2015.

Methods

The Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire was adapted and translated for the Chinese population. Test–retest reliability was conducted to measure stability. Criterion and convergent validity of the adapted questionnaire were assessed using 2‐hr 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scores, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated to establish its predictive validity.

Results

The test–retest reliability was 0.988. Adequate validity of the adapted questionnaire was demonstrated by positive correlations found between the scores and 2‐hr 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests (r = .343, p < .001) and with the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scores (r = .738, p < .001). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.705 (95% CI .632, .778), demonstrating moderate diagnostic value at a cutoff score of 30. The sensitivity was 73%, with a positive predictive value of 57% and negative predictive value of 78%.

Conclusions

Our results provided evidence supporting the translation consistency, content validity, convergent validity, criterion validity, sensitivity, and specificity of the translated Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire with minor modifications. This paper provides clinical, practical, and methodological information on how to adapt a diabetes risk calculator between cultures for public health nurses.     

Transformational leadership vs. proactive personality: Contributing factors to physiotherapists proactive behaviors and burnout during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic

Background

In May 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) added burn out to the list of occupational phenomena in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Soon thereafter, in March 2020, a global pandemic of SARS-COV-2 was declared.

Objective

To investigate the interplay between transformational leadership, a proactive personality, employee proactive behaviors, and burn out in the field of physiotherapy during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic.

Methods

Physiotherapists working at the Meuhedet Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) were asked to fill an online cross-sectional survey, in which they were asked to evaluate the transformational behavior of their manager and to assess their own burn out rate, degree of self-efficacy, proactive personality, and proactive behaviors. Eighty-one physical therapists (average age of 37.3 years (SD = 9.0)) responded to the survey, most of whom were female (67.9%, n = 55).

Results

Transformational leadership and proactive personality were negatively associated with occupational burn out (β = −0.231, p < 0.05, β = −0.243, p < 0.05, respectively) among physiotherapists. The effect of the interaction between transformational leadership and proactive personality on proactive behaviors at work was not significant. However, a strong, significant positive relationship was found between proactive personality and proactive behaviors (β = 0.425, p < 0.001), and between self-efficacy and proactive behaviors (β = 0.479, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This up-to-date survey of transformational leadership and proactive personality among physiotherapists highlights these traits' important impact on burn out and proactive behaviors during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. Furthermore, the transformational manager plays an important role in reducing burnout levels among physiotherapists, especially during a crisis such as the SARS-COV-2 pandemic.     

Significant association between RGS14 rs12654812 and nephrolithiasis risk among Guangxi population in China

Background

Nephrolithiasis is a worldwide health problem that affects almost all populations. This study aimed to evaluate the association between rs12654812 of regulator of G protein signaling 14 (RGS14) gene and nephrolithiasis in the Chinese population.

Methods

A total of 1541 participators including 830 cases and 711 controls were included from Guangxi area in China. Age, sex, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, creatinine, uric acid, and urea nitrogen were analyzed between the case group and control group.

Results

We found that the G/A+A/A genotypes of rs12654812 had a significantly increased nephrolithiasis risk after adjusting age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking, and hypertension, compared with G/G genotype (OR = 1.361, 95% CI = 1.033‐1.794, P = .029). This hazardous effect was more pronounced in subgroup of age < 50, ever smoking, ever drinking, creatinine normal, and high uric acid. The G/A genotype of rs12654812 also had a significantly increased nephrolithiasis risk compared with G/G genotype. The A allele of rs12654812 significantly increased the risk of nephrolithiasis compared with the G allele after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking and hypertension (OR = 1.277, 95% CI = 1.013‐1.609, P = .038).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the RGS14 polymorphism is involved in the etiology of nephrolithiasis and thus may be a genetic marker for nephrolithiasis.

     

Critical consciousness of public health nurses: A descriptive,comparative survey

Background

Public Health Nurses (PHN) caring for vulnerable populations amid systemic inequality must navigate complex situations, and consequently they may experience serious moral distress known to be detrimental to PHN wellbeing.

Objective

Given PHN awareness of social inequities, the study aimed to determine if PHNs were motivated to enact social change and engage in social and political action to address inequality.

Design and sample

A survey of 173 PHNs was conducted in fall 2022. The convenience sample was mainly female (96.5%), White (85%), had associate/bachelor's degrees (71.7%), and worked in governmental public health settings (70.7%).

Measure

The study employed the Short Critical Consciousness Scales’ subscales: Critical Reflection, Critical Motivation, and Critical Action.

Results

PHNs were highly motivated to address inequities (Critical Motivation = 20.83; SD = 3.16), with similarly high awareness (Critical Reflection = 17.89; SD = 5.18). However, social and political action scores were much lower (Critical Action = 7.13; SD = 2.63). A subgroup of PHNs with strong agreement regarding the impact of poverty were more likely to be younger (p = .039) and work in a community setting (p = .003); with higher scores across subscales (p < .001).

Conclusions

High critical reflection and motivation among PHNs aligned with literature. Lower Critical Action scores warrant investigation into validity for PHNs, and possible role constraints.     

The Brighton musculoskeletal Patient‐Reported Outcome Measure (BmPROM): An assessment of validity,reliability, and responsiveness

Background

In response for the need of a freely available, stand‐alone, validated outcome measure for use within musculoskeletal (MSK) physiotherapy practice, sensitive enough to measure clinical effectiveness, we developed an MSK patient reported outcome measure.

Objectives

This study examined the validity and reliability of the newly developed Brighton musculoskeletal Patient‐Reported Outcome Measure (BmPROM) within physiotherapy outpatient settings.

Methods

Two hundred twenty‐four patients attending physiotherapy outpatient departments in South East England with an MSK condition participated in this study. The BmPROM was assessed for user friendliness (rated feedback, N = 224), reliability (internal consistency and test–retest reliability, n = 42), validity (internal and external construct validity, N = 224), and responsiveness (internal, n = 25).

Results

Exploratory factor analysis indicated that a two‐factor model provides a good fit to the data. Factors were representative of “Functionality” and “Wellbeing”. Correlations observed between the BmPROM and SF‐36 domains provided evidence of convergent validity. Reliability results indicated that both subscales were internally consistent with alphas above the acceptable limits for both “Functionality” (α = .85, 95% CI [.81, .88]) and ‘Wellbeing’ (α = .80, 95% CI [.75, .84]). Test–retest analyses (n = 42) demonstrated a high degree of reliability between “Functionality” (ICC = .84; 95% CI [.72, .91]) and “Wellbeing” scores (ICC = .84; 95% CI [.72, .91]). Further examination of test–retest reliability through the Bland–Altman analysis demonstrated that the difference between “Functionality” and “Wellbeing” test scores did not vary as a function of absolute test score. Large treatment effect sizes were found for both subscales (Functionality d = 1.10; Wellbeing 1.03).

Conclusion

The BmPROM is a reliable and valid outcome measure for use in evaluating physiotherapy treatment of MSK conditions.     

Adnexal torsion: color Doppler and three-dimensional ultrasound

Objective  

To correlate preoperative ultrasound and color Doppler findings in patients with surgically proven adnexal torsion.     

The influence of meaningful activities in the quality of life and functional autonomy of adults with intellectual disability: A prospective study during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic might negatively impact the quality of life and functional autonomy of Spanish adults with intellectual disability, and meaningful activities could prevent this negative progression.

Methods

This is a prospective cohort study in Spanish adults with intellectual disability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quality of life, functional autonomy and functional independence were measured. The meaningful activities studied were structured-leisure, community self-management, and occupational and physical activities.

Results

Seventy-three participants were included in the study. Quality of life and functional autonomy significantly deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic (all p > .001). Greater participation in community self-management activities before COVID-19 was associated with less detriment to quality of life (ß = −.312; p = .008), while greater participation in occupational and physical activities was associated with less detriment to the performance of instrumental activities (ß = −.317; p = .016; and ß = −.285; p = .030, respectively).

Conclusion

People with intellectual disability living in residential homes experienced a decrease in their quality of life and functional autonomy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their involvement in community self-management activities and physical and occupational activities before the pandemic had preventive effects on the detriment to the quality of life and functional autonomy.