我国烟层气勘探研究的回顾与展望

近十多年我国广泛开展了烟层气远景资源评价和煤层气地质勘探选区研究,其中不少选区进行了专门的烟储层岩石物理研究和煤层气勘探,初步找到了沁心盆地南部和鄂尔斯盆地东缘两块煤层气保存富集条件较好的区块,经小型井网试采的结果证明其具有工业开发价值。对煤储层的涌透率、以气封闭条件等有了较深刻的认识,提出煤层气藏的概念;对煤层气成藏的地质条件也有一些认识,但这些研究还只是初步的,特别是对煤层气藏不均一性的认识还     

阜新刘家区煤层气地质因素分析

刘家区具有丰富的煤炭资源和较高的煤层气含量，因此被列为煤层气开发的重点靶区。根据刘家区煤层气勘探与开发的实际，论述了有关地质因素对煤层气开发的影响。认为在诸多的地质因素中，岩浆岩、地质构造、水文地质、围岩是主要地质因素。     

我国煤层气勘探研究的回顾与展望

近十多年我国广泛开展了煤层气远景资源评价和煤层气地质勘探选区研究,其中不少选区进行了专门的煤储层岩石物理研究和煤层气勘探.初步找到了沁水盆地南部和鄂尔多斯盆地东缘两块煤层气保存富集条件较好的区块,经小型井网试采的结果证明其具有工业开发价值.对煤储层的渗透率、煤层气封闭条件等有了较深刻的认识,提出煤层气藏的概念;对煤层气成藏的地质条件也有了一些认识,但这些研究还只是初步的,特别是对煤层气藏不均一性的认识还很肤浅.我国的煤层气地质储量进一步扩大在很大程度上依赖于煤层气成藏地质理论的成熟程度.随着西气东送管线的建成投产,煤层气消费市场会迅速扩大.在未来十年内,我国的煤层气工业可望达到大规模开发利用的地步.     

煤储层吸附特征研究现状及展望

从吸附机理、吸附数学模型、吸附影响因素以及多元气体吸附等几个方面，综述了国内外煤储层吸附气体研究的现状，分析了当前我国煤储层吸附研究中存在的问题和难点，对下一步煤储层吸附研究的发展趋势和需要解决的问题作了进一步的探讨。     

阜新盆地刘家区煤储层综合分析

在对阜新盆地刘家区构造演化及构造特征、煤层发育特征、煤的化学成分及排采试验资料分析的基础上,对研究区煤层气含量、煤的吸附性、煤层渗透率、煤储层压力、临界解吸压力、煤体结构、煤层气产出特点进行了综合研究。认为研究区煤层分布广、厚度大、丰度高,煤的吸附能力强;而且埋深与辉绿岩侵入体是控制煤层气含量的主要因素,成煤后期构造运动是影响煤储层渗透率的关键因素。煤层气开发有利区应在向斜翼部和岩墙、岩床附近煤变质程度高的区域。     

煤层气地质学新进展

自20世纪80年代以来,我国的煤层气勘探取得了突破性进展。在沁水盆地南部获得了可观的煤层气地质储量;河东煤田的煤层气勘探也取得了重大进展。煤层气地质学研究取得了明显进展:a 煤储层岩石物理研究取得重要进展;b 提出了煤层气藏的概念并依据我国的煤层气地质条件识别出几种主要煤层气藏类型;c 深化了对煤层气藏封闭保存条件的认识,充分认识到煤层气耗散对煤层气封闭保存的重要影响。d 对高煤阶煤层气藏研究有了突破性进展,突破了无烟煤勘探煤层气的禁区,获得了可观的煤层气地质储量;e 强化了低煤阶煤层气藏的研究;f深化了对煤层气藏不均一性的认识,初步揭示了煤层气藏不均一性的产生原因及其分布规律。      

测井方法在煤层气勘查中的应用

根据测井原理,利用煤层气测井中各种参数可以确定和评价煤层气及其储层的相关参数,如储存煤层深度、厚度、工业分析、含气量、渗透率、岩石力学性质、储层温度等.对煤层气钻井的固井质量也可以利用声幅测井、声波变密度测井、自然伽马测井、磁定位测井做出可靠的解释.山西某煤层气勘探区测井资料与试井、化验等资料表明,测井数据与化验、试井、排采等数据非常接近,可见利用测井数据成果可为煤层气的勘探与开发提供可靠的理论依据.     

滇东黔西煤层气选区及勘探目标评价

滇东黔西晚二叠世成煤期煤层气盆地发育,是华南重要的煤层气资源分布区,。本文概述煤层气盆地的划分与评价,提出煤层气系统的新概念,并对重点盆地进行研究。提出煤层气区带和煤层气地质风险分析的概念,并对滇东黔西地区重点区带进行煤层气藏预测及勘探目标优选,提出煤层气重点勘探开发试验区。     

加快发展中国煤层气产业的政策思考

党中央和国务院对煤层气产业给予亲切关怀和支持,为中国煤层气产业的发展创造了很好的氛围。早在1996年江泽民总书记就明确指出“依靠科技进步,发展煤层气     

微生物提高煤层气产量模拟实验研究

为解决微生物对煤层产气量的影响,通过对不同煤阶煤岩进行生物气模拟实验发现,在实验室条件下煤中微生物能利用自身物质进行生物产气。通过设置不同温度实验发现,在35℃条件下产气量要大于15℃时的产气量,说明35℃的温度更适合微生物利用煤样产气。在进行定量实验后发现,在添加外源营养物质或外源菌类的条件下能提高煤的产气量。在添加外源菌种的条件下,增产比例可达115%,而通过添加营养物质增产比例可达144%。      

贵州六盘水地区煤层气勘探反思

本文对贵州六盘水地区煤层气勘探开发前景进行了分析、对勘探历史进行了回顾,对煤层气勘探受挫原因进行了浅析.指出针对薄弱技术环节进行改进,六盘水地区煤层气勘探可望取得突破.     

Gas outburst disasters and the mining technology of key protective seam in coal seam group in the Huainan coalfield

Coal and gas outburst disasters in coal seams are becoming more serious as coal mines extend deeper underground in China. To aid gas control in high-gas outburst coal seam group, this study performed research based on the geological conditions of the Xinzhuangzi coal mine in the Huainan coalfield. The laws of gas occurrence, the strength of the coal outburst, and the regional partition were studied. Simultaneously, we introduced the key protective seam mining technology and confirmed the mining sequence of coal seam groups. The results indicate that (1) each seam absorbs gas well, and the currently measured gas content is up to 15.0 m³/t. (2) Although some differences about coal seams outburst intensity remain, the differences in the same group are very small. (3) The coal seam B10 was chosen as the key protective seam and was mined first; then adjacent seams were mined from bottom to top by layer within the roof of B10 and from top-to-bottom within the floor of B10 to guarantee each adjacent coal seam received the good effects of pressure-relief and increasing permeability. (4) The main methods of gas extraction in each protected seam are surface boreholes and net-like penetrating boreholes in the floor roadway, and related technical parameters were determined according to the degree of pressure-relief in coal seam. This in situ experiment indicates a method aiding the gas control problem and guaranteeing safe and highly efficient exploitation of high-gas outburst seams.     

影响未开采煤层瓦斯含量的地质因素定量分析——以铁法盆地晓南矿14#煤层为例

未开采煤层瓦斯含量及影响因素研究,是煤矿安全生产的重要基础研究工作,以铁法盆地晓南矿未开采的14^#煤层为例,系统分析了影响瓦斯含量的地质因素。采用灰色关联方法,对各影响因素进行研究,建立了灰色关联模型,并计算出各影响因素的关联度。研究结果表明：影响晓南矿14^#煤层瓦斯含量的主要地质因素有煤的变质程度、地质构造、煤层厚度及煤层埋深等。并用多元回归对其进行了瓦斯含量预测。这为未开采煤层瓦斯含量的研究提供了科学方法,并为该煤矿的安全开采提供了基础资料。     

基于灰熵法的深部煤层瓦斯含量影响因素分析及预测

为了提高深部煤层瓦斯含量的预测精度,提出了采用灰熵分析法对瓦斯含量影响因素进行研究,以潘三矿深部11-2煤层为例,根据灰熵关联度的大小选取不同的影响因素分别建立了GM（1,3）、GM（1,4）和GM（1,5）预测模型,依据精度检验结果选择精度更高的瓦斯预测模型。研究结果表明,影响潘三矿深部11-2煤层瓦斯含量的因素重要程度从大到小依次为:主断层距离、煤层埋深、煤厚、顶板砂泥比、煤层倾角。由此建立的3个模型的预测精度都在合格以上,其中GM（1,4）模型预测精度达到了1级,平均相对误差为5.063 6%,可采用该模型对11-2煤层瓦斯含量进行预测,为深部煤与瓦斯安全高效开采提供可靠依据。      

Geological interpretation of ply structure of the Bulli Seam,Sydney Basin,N.S.W.

The ply structure of the Bulli seam in the Southern Coalfield of the Sydney Basin persists over the main part of the coalfield. Lateral variations were investigated using both petrographic profiles and swelling index profile sections. The results indicated that the thickness pattern of the whole Bulli seam was affected by three independent factors: (1) post‐depositional loss of the top portion of the seam; (2) pre‐depositional topography; and (3) differential subsidence during deposition. The lack of definite correlation between seam thickness and present geological structure suggests that no local tectonic movement took place during deposition of the seam. Tectonic movement cannot, therefore, be the main cause of variation in seam thickness. Subsidence during deposition of the Bulli seam in the northeastern margin of the coalfield appears to have been too rapid, and near the western margin too slow, to form a thick coal seam. However, in the main part of the coalfield, the rate of subsidence was suitable for peat accumulation and a thick seam was deposited under stable conditions, as indicated by the persistent ply structure.     

Statistical analysis of the microlithotype sequences in the Bulli Seam, Australia, and relevance to permeability for coal gas

Sequential microlithotype analyses through the Permian Bulli Coal, Sydney Basin, Australia, enable determination of the abundance, locations and thicknesses of various microlithotypes in the seam. Statistical analyses allow prediction of these parameters. Microlithotype analyses may be used as a means of predicting seam permeability in relation to coal gas drainage, if used in conjunction with reported correlation between coal type and seam reservoir properties.A combination of sequential microlithotype analyses and statistical modelling provide data on the number, location and thicknesses of individual bands of vitrite, vitrinertite, inertite and mineral-rich coal. A Markov chain describes both the order and thickness of the bands in the seam. Local ordering of microlithotypes is similar, irrespective of vertical orientation, which suggests that analyses and predictions may be possible using representative, randomly oriented samples. Statistical modelling can be used to characterise the seam using a small number of parameters. These include the elements of the transition probability matrix of the Markov chain, from which many seam properties such as maximum band thickness, thickness distribution of bands and spacing of thick bands can be predicted.The permeability of vitrite-rich coal in the seam is 30 mD and it is 2.3 mD for inertite-rich coal. In general, for the Bulli seam, vitrite-rich plies are expected to provide better flow paths for coal gas than inertite-rich plies, because of the abundance of cleat systems in vitrite. Using this information, it thus may be possible to predict gas and water flow paths in a seam from microlithotype analyses, thereby leading to the development of a rapid method for assessing the comparative permeabilities of coal plies.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部延安组巨厚煤层内古气候旋回分析

煤是一种气候敏感型沉积物,为了查明煤层中蕴含的古气候信息及其演化控制因素,选取鄂尔多斯盆地南部延安组一段4号巨厚煤层为研究对象,通过系统密集采样,并测试煤的有机显微组分含量、主量和微量元素及有机质稳定碳同位素含量。利用煤岩显微组分、特征元素和碳同位素等方法,分别在该巨厚煤层内部识别出4个温湿-干热交替的古气候旋回,且识别结果非常一致;该结果与前人在邻区4号煤层中使用古植物含量系数法的识别结果也非常吻合。在此基础上,与前人在该巨厚煤层中识别出的米兰科维奇旋回信息进行比较,综合分析认为该巨厚煤层中古气候旋回的发育与演化主要受到天体轨道参数中偏心率长周期的控制。研究成果证实了方法的可靠性,阐明了古气候旋回的成因机制。      

利用人工神经网络法预测煤层厚度研究

我国的兖州、淮北、平顶山、焦作等矿区,普遍存在着煤层缺失、剥失、分叉、合并等现象,煤层厚度变化对煤炭开采产生很大影响.据资料统计,如果实际煤厚比设计煤厚变薄10%～20%时,煤炭产量就会下降35%～40%.煤田高分辨率三维地震勘探的开展,为解决地质问题提供了丰富的三维数据体,特别是为BP人工神经网络法研究煤层厚度提供了多种地震波属性.     

黑石—大山盆地赋煤特征初步探讨

通过收集整理物探、钻探资料,分析了黑石—大山盆地煤层赋存规律,认为在盆地的斜坡地带煤层赋存较好,总结出含煤岩系及煤层的变化规律,指出下一步找煤方向——在黑石东—塔拉站区域及官地镇—大山林场区域。     

四川省珙县金堂煤矿区煤层对比研究

煤层对比是一项基础地质工作,对研究煤田沉积环境和聚煤规律,指导煤矿生产,具有重要的理论和现实意义。针对金堂煤矿区煤层的具体情况,采用多种方法对各煤层进行对比研究,揭示煤层赋存规律。