绞股蓝养生茶的研制

本研究以甜型绞股蓝为主要原料，研制具有保健作用的液体饮料。在解决混浊沉淀和获得良好独特风味方面效果显著，工艺简便有效。适合大规模生产。     

莲子冬瓜绿豆清凉饮料的研制

在分析了莲子、冬瓜、绿豆理化性质的基础上，根据其营养成分和加工性质，提出了绿豆、冬瓜、莲子为原料制造清凉饮料的工艺流程，研究了各种加工因素和添加剂对混浊型饮料质量的影响，工对其杀菌条件进行了探讨、制造出色、不分层、不沉淀、口感好的复合混浊型清凉饮料。     

杀菌型乳酸菌饮料的研制

阐述了杀菌型乳酸菌饮料的生产工艺，对生产中菌种的筛选，饮料的调制及杀菌条件的选择等方面进行试验后，确定了适合生产实际的方案。针对该饮料易发生沉淀、分层等现象，通过螯合剂的选择和正交试验取得各稳定剂的最佳添加组合，较好地解决了杀菌型乳酸菌饮料的稳定性问题，延长了产品的货架期。     

解决果奶饮料沉淀的技术关键

探讨了果奶饮料生产原材料、配方、工艺、包装、环境、人等因素对产品沉淀的影响,分析产品产生沉淀和分层的原因,并阐述了解决果奶饮料沉淀及分层的方法和措施。     

解决茶叶饮料混浊沉淀的方法及原理

本文介绍了浓缩茶汁通过转溶、乙醇沉淀处理后,再配制成茶叶饮料,可以解决茶叶饮料在低温下出现混浊沉淀的问题。并结合茶叶化学成份的特点,较细地介绍了采用该方法的原理。     

绿豆茶保健饮料的研制

以茶叶和绿豆等为原料研制了一种复合茶饮料,设计了绿豆茶饮料的配方,采用脱酚工艺及添加抗坏血酸的方法,解决了饮料混浊沉淀及褐变问题。     

复合保健茶饮料的工艺研究

以茶叶及几种药食两用植物为原料研制了一种复合保健茶饮料,实验采用脱酚工艺及添加抗坏血酸,解决了饮料混浊沉淀及褐变问题。     

复合保健茶饮料的工艺研究

以茶叶及几种药食两用植物为原料研制了一种复合保健茶饮料,实验采用脱酚工艺及添加抗坏血酸,解决了饮料混浊沉淀及褐变问题。     

乳酸菌饮料稳定性的影响因素

乳酸菌饮料常常不能保持均匀的稳定状态，易分层和沉淀。如何解决饮料中蛋白质的稳定性是许多食品工作者以及生产厂家亟待解决的问题。就影响乳酸菌饮料稳定性的因素及防止措施等加以论述。     

饮料中的多酚-蛋白质反应及其稳定化处理

多酚-蛋白质反应是啤酒、葡萄酒和果汁等饮料中产生混浊沉淀的原因,限制了饮料的货架期。本文阐述了混浊反应的机理、影响因素及其稳定化处理。     

储藏期与储藏压力对稻谷籽粒压缩特性的影响研究

利用质构仪压缩稻谷籽粒的短轴来测定稻谷籽粒的压缩特性。测定的稻谷储藏在不同的时间与压力下。实验结果表明:当储藏时间为60 d且储藏压力由0 kPa增加到300 kPa,稻谷籽粒的破坏力由81.6 N减小到73.8 N,破坏能由8.10 mJ减小到6.27 mJ,破坏应变由0.139减小到0.117,表观接触弹性模量由171.3 MPa减小到57.7 MPa,最大接触应力由40.8 MPa减小到19.1 MPa。当稻谷储藏压力为77、100、139、200 kPa且储藏时间由0～60 d,稻谷籽粒的破坏力由81.6 N分别减小到79.6、79.1、78.2、77.0 N;破坏能由8.10 mJ分别减小到7.55、7.35、7.08、6.85 mJ;破坏应变由0.139分别减小到0.131、0.128、0.126、0.121;表观接触弹性模量由171.3 MPa分别减小到136.0、121.8、110.6、83.3 MPa;最大接触应力由41.2 MPa分别减小到35.0、32.5、30.3、15.0 MPa。结果表明储藏压力与储藏时间对稻谷籽粒的压缩特性有重要的影响。     

国内外大豆加工业生产现状与发展趋势

结合工作与生产实际，在查阅和调研了国内外大豆加工业相关资料和项目之后，对生产现状进行了简要表述，对发展趋势进行了粗浅分析。明确指出：国外大豆加工业的发展趋势是原料生产与产品研发同步进行，努力抢占国内外市场，开发传统品牌产品，加强宣传工作力度，瞄准“三高”产品，增加社会经济效益，组建发挥社会团体作用，推动大豆产业发展。国内发展趋势是注重快餐型大豆食品生产，适应消费人群生活特点，注重大豆蛋白功能性的研发，满足国内市场需要，注重油脂加工业合理布局，扩大相关产业向前发展，以此发挥优势和强项，打造具有中国特色的与世界同步发展的大豆加工产业。     

小米馒头工艺与品质研究

通过对小米馒头的工艺与品质进行研究,可知随着小米粉添加量的增加,加水量逐渐降低,发酵体积逐渐减小,通过正交实验可以得出在小米粉添加量为45%、加水量为45%、发酵时间为3h、醒发时间为40min时,可以得到品质良好的小米面馒头。     

Simulation modelling and risk assessment as tools to identify the impact of climate change on microbiological food safety – The case study of fresh produce supply chain

The current quality assurance and control tools and methods to prevent and/or to control microbiological risks associated with fresh produce are challenged due to the following pressures upon the food supply chain, i.e. changing consumption patterns, globalization and climate change. It demonstrates the need for scientific research and development of new and/or improved tools, techniques and practices to adapt the current risk management systems. In this paper, a conceptual research approach is presented to analyse the complexity of the climate change and globalization challenge on the fresh produce supply chain taken as a case study. The factors which affect the vulnerability of the fresh produce chain demand a multidisciplinary research approach. The proposed knowledge-based modelling system is believed to be a most appropriate way to identify problems and to offer solutions to monitor and prevent microbiological food safety risks during all phases of food production and supply. To explore the potential impact of climate change and globalization, baseline information can be obtained by surveillance and performance measurement of implemented food safety management systems. Simulation of climate change scenarios and the logistic chain of fresh produce, along with mathematical models to optimize packaging technology to maintain quality and safety of fresh produce are tools to provide insights in the complex dynamic ecosystem. They are the basis for elaboration of risk assessment studies to scientifically support management options and decisions to new microbiological threats related to globalization and climate change in the fresh produce supply chain. This research concept as such will contribute to develop strategies in order to guarantee the (microbiological) food safety of fresh produce on the long term.     

延长P—RCAPMP高浓磨机械密封寿命的有效途径

磨损是接触式机械密封经常发生的一种失效形式。本文从P—RCAPMP高浓磨机械密封基本结构、作用原理和设计特点,分析了P—RCAPMP高采磨机械密封主要磨损形式、磨损规律。以控制机械密封磨损率的关键参数为手段,达到延长机械密封耐磨寿命的目的。     

Determination of Optimum Drying Off Time for Dairy Cows Using Decision Analysis and Computer Simulation

A model of the drying off decision problem was constructed in which the effect of parity, month of freshening, length of dry period prior to lactation, and the length of open period during the current lactation on milk production were considered. The seasonal variations in the price of milk and feed costs were also considered. The net return per year was used to compare the effect of different times of drying off. Optimum length of dry period for first lactation cows freshening in summer to fall was 47 to 49 d if open between 40 and 160 d and 50 to 53 d if open more than 160 d. For cows freshened during winter to spring, the optimum dry period was 50 to 53 d if open between 40 and 130 d and 53 to 63 d if open more than 130 d. For mature cows freshening during summer to fall, the optimum dry period was 48 to 56 d if open between 40 and 130 d and 56 to 84 d if open more than 130 d. If cows freshened during winter to spring, the optimum length of dry period was 51 to 54 d, 54 to 85 d, and 80 to 112 d for cows open 40 to 70 d, 70 to 130 d, and more than 130 d, respectively.     

Predictive microbiology: providing a knowledge-based framework for change management

This contribution considers predictive microbiology in the context of the Food Micro 2002 theme, "Microbial adaptation to changing environments". To provide a reference point, the state of food microbiology knowledge in the mid-1970s is selected and from that time, the impact of social and demographic changes on microbial food safety is traced. A short chronology of the history of predictive microbiology provides context to discuss its relation to and interactions with hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) and risk assessment. The need to take account of the implications of microbial adaptability and variable population responses is couched in terms of the dichotomy between classical versus quantal microbiology introduced by Bridson and Gould [Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 30 (2000) 95]. The role of population response patterns and models as guides to underlying physiological processes draws attention to the value of predictive models in development of novel methods of food preservation. It also draws attention to the paradox facing today's food industry that is required to balance the "clean, green" aspirations of consumers with the risk, to safety or shelf life, of removing traditional barriers to microbial development. This part of the discussion is dominated by consideration of models and responses that lead to stasis and inactivation of microbial populations. This highlights the consequence of change on predictive modelling where the need is now to develop interface and non-thermal death models to deal with pathogens that have low infective doses for general and/or susceptible populations in the context of minimal preservation treatments. The challenge is to demonstrate the validity of such models and to develop applications of benefit to the food industry and consumers as was achieved with growth models to predict shelf life and the hygienic equivalence of food processing operations.     

The effect of storage pressure on the mechanical properties of paddy grains

To investigate the effect of storage pressure and storage time on the mechanical properties of paddy grains, an experimental study was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of paddy grains compressed at minor axis orientation using the Texture Analyzer. The paddy grains were stored under different pressures and for different time. The results showed that as the storage pressure increased from 0 to 300 kPa, the rupture force of paddy grains stored for 60 days decreased from 81.58 to 73.78 N, the rupture energy from 8.10 to 6.27 mJ, the rupture strain from 0.1392 to 0.1168, the apparent contact modulus of elasticity from 171.32 to 57.68 MPa and the maximum contact stress from 40.84 to 19.11 MPa. All of the mechanical properties of the paddy grains exhibited a linear relationship with storage pressure. As for the paddy grains stored under the pressures of 77, 100, 139, 200 kPa, as the storage time increased from 0 to 60 days, the rupture force of the paddy grains decreased from 81.58 to 79.58 N, 81.58 to 79.12 N, 81.58 to 78.21 N and 81.58 to 76.96 N; the rupture energy decreased from 8.10 to 7.55 mJ, 8.10 to 7.35 mJ, 8.10 to 7.08 mJ and 8.10 to 6.85 mJ; the rupture strain decreased from 0.1392 to 0.1309, 0.1392 to 0.1283, 0.1392 to 0.1257 and 0.1392 to 0.1213. The apparent contact modulus of elasticity decreased from 171.32 to 135.97 MPa, 171.32 to 121.77 MPa, 171.32 to 110.59 MPa and 171.32 to 83.32 MPa; the maximum contact stress decreased from 41.16 to 35.00 MPa, 41.16 to 32.45 MPa, 41.16 to 30.32 MPa and 41.16 to 14.97 MPa, respectively. The results revealed that both storage pressure and storage time have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of paddy grains.     

生命周期评价在促进造纸行业清洁生产中的应用

利用生命周期评价(LCA)的方法,分析了中国造纸业不同生命周期阶段的资源消耗及环境排放,评价了造纸业对环境造成的潜在影响,并比较了不同的废纸利用率及使用不同的能源所造成的潜在环境影响,探索资源利用、环境保护和造纸行业协调发展的途径和方法.     

建立健全鲜活小宗农产品市场监测和调控机制的思考——基于山东省大葱、生姜的调查

通过对山东省大葱、生姜生产与流通情况的调查发现,鲜活小宗农产品市场存在供给不确定性增加,产销信息不充分、不对称,市场信息监测体系不健全,产销衔接能力不强等问题;提出了建立信息平台,探索调控思路,创新手段系统,开展试点工作,发展专业合作社,提升组织化程度,稳定葱姜生产,夯实供给基础,完善流通体系,创新产销衔接等政策建议。