基于活动的社交网络中的群组推荐算法设计

在基于活动的社交网络（EBSN）中,群组中聚集了具有相似兴趣的用户,并为用户组织并举办线下活动,在社区的发展中起到了至关重要的作用,因而理解用户加入群组的原因和群组形成的过程在社交网络的研究中是一个重要的议题.本文通过基于活动的社交网络中的一些相关内容信息,比如社交网络中的标签信息和地理位置信息,来辅助推荐系统更好地为用户预测对于群组的偏好.本文提出了SEGELER （pair-wiSE Geo-social Event-based LatEnt factoR）模型,并使用这些社交网络中的信息,来为用户的兴趣进行预测.通过在真实的EBSN数据集上进行实验与验证,本文的模型不仅可以有效提升对于用户偏好的预测,也可以缓解冷启动问题.     

考虑群组结构的在线社交网络竞争性舆情信息传播模型研究

针对在线社交网络中竞争性舆情信息同时传播的问题,在无标度网络的基础上引入群组结构,构建竞争性舆情信息传播模型,考虑舆情信息内容、用户亲密度、社会强化效应因素并进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明,引入群组结构的无标度网络充分契合了在线社交网络的复杂性质;群组数量、群组规模、用户亲密度、社会强化效应对竞争性舆情信息的传播有不同的促进作用;控制舆情信息内容的重要性与模糊度可有效调控竞争性舆情信息的传播与扩散。     

社交网络中感知技术的研究与应用

社交网络已成为互联网上最热门的话题和网络应用亮点,它让用户组织自己的网络链接,维护各种社会关系.社交网络重要的是对个人信息的维护,对网络内他人信息的感知;在社交网络环境下,用户的信息感知程度普遍较低.探索了是否可有效调整CSCW领域中的感知概念以应用到社会网络领域.分析了感知的概念和内涵,对比了CSCW领域的群组与社交网络中的社区,研究了社交网络感知信息的形成过程,从社交网络环境和群组两个方面讨论了感知技术的应用,改善了社交网络中的通信,增强了用户之间的交互性.最后,实现了面向科研工作者的社交网络--学术社区,在学术社区中应用感知技术,帮助研究者发现科研热点或某一领域的研究群体,促进学术交流和创新.     

基于蒙特卡罗贝叶斯推理的移动群智感知可靠任务分配机制

针对现有任务分配策略的不足,研究了在工人数量有限的移动群智感知系统中任务分配策略,借助社交网络来分配任务并获得高收益。首先,建立了社交网络的动态不确定环境,利用社交网络完成任务,传播任务。然后考虑到不同社交网络对任务的偏好不同,设置任务偏好度这一不确定指标,借助经济学风险价值的理论描述任务分配的可靠性。最后利用蒙特卡罗贝叶斯推理方法研究任务动态传播模型的复杂参数的高斯过程,设计基于知识梯度的采样算法选择蒙特卡罗采样点,从而实现高收益的任务分配方案。为了验证所提策略的性能,将其与四种基准的采样算法进行比较。实验结果表明,所提任务分配策略在提高收益方面是有效的。     

基于图卷积网络融合群组关系的社会化推荐方法

协同过滤推荐系统普遍面临交互数据稀疏，社会化推荐通过引入用户社交信息来缓解数据稀疏问题。现有社会化推荐方法主要关注好友关系，即用户间形成的直接社交关系，但社交数据的稀疏性限制了该类方法的性能表现。由用户加入兴趣小组所形成的群组关系数量繁多且富有价值，然而目前较少有研究关注这种关系，仅有的方法多采用矩阵分解等传统方法建模，对用户协同兴趣和社交影响的表达不够深入。为提升推荐质量，进一步研究群组关系，从缓解社交数据稀疏性的角度论证其在辅助推荐方面的作用，并基于建模能力更强的图卷积网络学习用户、项目与群组之间的高阶关系，分别设计出以间接和直接方式利用群组关系的推荐方法 IGRec-Trans和IGRec-Direc，探索更合理的群组关系融合方式。在真实数据集上的实验结果表明，所提方法能有效提升推荐性能，相比最优基准方法DiffNet++，在HR@10和NDCG@10指标上最高可提升4.55%和3.98%，在冷启动用户推荐任务上NDCG@10指标最高可提升18.6%。     

基于文本与社交信息的用户群组识别

社交媒体上的个人群体信息对于理解社交网络结构非常有用,现有研究主要基于用户之间的链接和显式社交信息识别用户的个人群体,很少考虑使用文本信息与隐含社交信息。但是隐含社交信息以及文本信息,在显式的社交信息缺乏时对于识别用户的群体是非常有帮助的。在本文中,我们提出一种隐含因子图模型有效地利用各种隐含与显式的社交与文本信息对用户的群组进行识别。其中,显式的文本与社交信息是通过用户发表的文本与个人关系生成的,同时,我们利用矩阵分解模型自动生成隐含的文本与社交信息。最后,我们利用因子图模型与置信传播算法对显式与隐含的文本与社交信息进行集成,并对用户群组识别模型进行学习与预测。实验证明我们的方法能有效地对用户群组进行识别。     

无线有组织网群组移动模型

群组移动模型是无线网络研究中的基础问题之一。移动模型对无线网络协议的设计、算法的性能评价等问题的研究具有重要意义。回顾了现有群组移动模型的特点和应用范围,它们都不能有效模拟无线有组织网群组行为特性。在分析无线有组织网群组特点的基础之上,提出了以中心节点为参考点的无线有组织网群组移动模型,模型仿真更加接近真实无线有组织网络。通过设置不同参数对网络仿真与网络实际情况进行分析比较,证实了新的群组移动模型的可用性。     

基于用户行为的社交网络节点可视化设计

为了更好表现用户间的关系数据,用户节点网络的可视化成为社交应用中主要的分析方式。目前,常用的节点网络仍是基于网络社交关系这一因素,而社交网络基于用户群体具有动态变化的特性。为了更好表现社交网络动态性和用户驱动的特性,文章将结合用户行为数据,通过采用多变量视角和添加时间维对现有的社交图谱进行改良,以提高可视化图包含的信息量和可用性。     

用于脑网络连接加权图比较的可视分析系统设计与实现

人脑功能网络的研究是近十年生物学领域的重要课题,可视化工具作为数据分析的重要手段,在脑科学研究中有着举足轻重的地位;然而现有的脑功能网络可视化工具存在信息获取效率低、功能单一等问题;针对以上问题,设计并实现了一款用于脑网络连接加权图比较的可视分析系统,帮助研究人员探索不同群组间的差异;首次提出并使用一种用于脑网络连接加权图比较的新可视化方法,针对该方法的用户评估表明,改进后的可视方法在做对比分析任务时更有效;此外,系统将数据挖掘与可视化相结合,增强了群组间差异的表现形式;并且提供了多视图协同等一系列交互方式供研究人员自主探索;最后使用了两组公开数据集进行案例分析,验证了系统的有用性和高效性.     

基于社交关系和时序信息的团购推荐方法

针对目前团购推荐方法较少结合单个用户与群组用户，并且对时间间隔、社交关系等上下文相关信息的利用不充分的问题，提出了一种基于社交关系和时序信息的团购推荐方法。对单个用户进行推荐时，针对循环神经网络（RNN）的门控循环单元（GRU）在团购推荐时没有考虑时序信息的影响，以及用户-商品交互序列中不相关的商品数据会产生噪声等问题，提出了融合时序感知GRU和自注意力的团购推荐模型（RTSA）。首先，通过计算用户购买的任意两个商品之间的个性化时间间隔，构建了时序感知GRU(TGRU)模型；然后，采用自注意力网络研究商品位置及个性化时间间隔的影响；最后，实验结果表明在Amazon Beauty数据集中，RTSA相较于对单个用户推荐的最优的基线模型——基于时间间隔感知自注意力的序列化推荐模型（TiSASRec），前10个商品命中率提升了11.73%。对群组用户进行推荐时，针对团购群组推荐中预定义的融合策略不能动态获取群组用户权重，以及群组-项目交互数据的稀疏性等问题，提出了融合社交网络和分层自注意力的团购推荐模型（SSAGR）。首先，采用RNN捕捉团购中用户随时间变化的复杂潜在兴趣；其次，利用分层自注意...     

Improving the readability of clustered social networks using node duplication

Exploring communities is an impor tant task in social network analysis. Such communities are currently identified using clustering methods to group actors. This approach often leads to actors belonging to one and only one cluster, whereas in real life a person can belong to several communities. As a solution we propose duplicating actors in social networks and discuss potential impact of such a move. Several visual duplication designs are discussed and a controlled experiment comparing network visualization with and without duplication is performed, using 6 tasks that are impor tant for graph readability and visual interpretation of social networks. We show that in our experiment, duplications significantly improve community-related tasks but sometimes interfere with other graph readability tasks. Finally, we propose a set of guidelines for deciding when to duplicate actors and choosing candidates for duplication, and alternative ways to render them in social network representations.     

TMNVis: Visual analysis of evolution in temporal multivariate network at multiple granularities

Temporal (Dynamic) multivariate networks consist of objects and relationships with a variety of attributes, and the networks change over time. Exploring such kind of networks in visualization is of great significance and full of challenges as its time-varying and multivariate nature. Most of the existing dynamic network visualization techniques focus on the topological structure evolution lacking of exploration on the multivariate data (multiple attributes) thoroughly, and do not cover comprehensive analyses on multiple granularities. In this paper, we propose TMNVis, an interactive visualization system to explore the evolution of temporal multivariate network. Firstly we list a series of tasks on three granularities: global level, subgroup level and individual level. Secondly three main views, which rely mainly on timeline-based method while animation subsidiary, are designed to resolve the analysis tasks. Thirdly we design a series of flexible interactions and develop a prototype system. At last we verify the effectiveness and usefulness of TMNVis using a real-world academic collaboration data.     

语义增强的大规模多元图简化可视分析方法

网络图可视化可以有效展示网络节点之间的连接关系,广泛应用于诸多领域,如社交网络、知识图谱、生物基因网络等.随着网络数据规模的不断增加,如何简化表达大规模网络图结构已成为图可视化领域中的研究热点.经典的网络图简化可视化方法主要包括图采样、边绑定和图聚类等技术,在减少大量点线交叉造成的视觉紊乱的基础上,提高用户对大规模网络结构的探索和认知效率.然而,上述方法主要侧重于网络图中的拓扑结构,却较少考虑和利用多元图节点的多维属性特征,难以有效提取和表达语义信息,从而无法帮助用户理解大规模多元网络的拓扑结构与多维属性之间的内在关联,为大规模多元图的认知和理解带来困难.因此,本文提出一种语义增强的大规模多元图简化可视分析方法,首先在基于模块度的图聚类算法基础上提取出网络图的层次结构;其次通过多维属性信息熵的计算和比较分析,对网络层次结构进行自适应划分,筛选出具有最优属性聚集特征的社团;进而设计交互便捷的多个关联视图来展示社团之间的拓扑结构、层次关系和属性分布,从不同角度帮助用户分析多维属性在社团形成和网络演化中的作用.大量实验结果表明,本文方法能够有效简化大规模多元图的视觉表达,可以快速分析不同应用领域大规模多元图的关联结构与语义构成,具有较强的实用性.     

The State of the Art in Visualizing Dynamic Multivariate Networks

Most real-world networks are both dynamic and multivariate in nature, meaning that the network is associated with various attributes and both the network structure and attributes evolve over time. Visualizing dynamic multivariate networks is of great significance to the visualization community because of their wide applications across multiple domains. However, it remains challenging because the techniques should focus on representing the network structure, attributes and their evolution concurrently. Many real-world network analysis tasks require the concurrent usage of the three aspects of the dynamic multivariate networks. In this paper, we analyze current techniques and present a taxonomy to classify the existing visualization techniques based on three aspects: temporal encoding, topology encoding, and attribute encoding. Finally, we survey application areas and evaluation methods; and discuss challenges for future research.     

Distributed and collaborative visualization

Visualization typically involves large computational tasks, often performed on supercomputers. The results of these tasks are usually analyzed by a design team consisting of several members. Our goal is to depart from traditional single-user systems and build a low-cost scientific visualization environment that enables computer-supported cooperative work in the distributed setting. A synchronously conferenced collaborative visualization environment would let multiple users on a network of workstations and supercomputers share large data sets, simultaneously view visualizations of the data, and interact with multiple views while varying parameters. Such an environment would support collaboration in both the problem-solving phase and the review phase of design tasks. In this article we describe two distributed visualization algorithms and the facilities that enable collaborative visualization. These are all implemented on top of the distribution and collaboration mechanisms of an environment called Shastra, executing on a set of low-cost networked workstations     

基于社会网络的DDoS防御协作关系优化算法

针对以往研究中协作关系建立过程不合理及其优化影响因素考虑不全面的问题, 基于社会网络思想, 提出了一种DDoS防御协作关系优化算法。从复杂适应系统和社会网络两个角度分析了DDoS防御协作关系特点, 给出了协作关系优化思路; 建立了一种五元组协作关系优化影响因素分析模型, 并阐述了模型内各元组之间的关系; 参考社会网络有效连带关系的建立过程, 采用强化学习思想, 设计了协作关系优化算法。DDoS攻防仿真实验结果验证了算法的有效性, 该算法能够获得较少交互关系数, 降低交互协作信息量, 提高整体防御能力。     

Cognitive,social, and environmental attributes of distributed engineering collaboration: A review and proposed model of collaboration

The objective of this article is to review the attributes that influence distributed collaboration groups engaged in engineering tasks in order to guide the research into the development of new tools and methods to support engineering groups. Three comprehensive areas of literature that describe the cognitive, social, and environmental factors influencing collaboration are covered including task characteristics, collaborative technology, and group/individual development. A model is proposed that can contribute to the understanding of the engineering collaboration process, distributed group interaction, and the role of the task within this environment. The relationships between the attributes included in the model are hypothesized to affect the distributed collaboration process. This article discusses the attributes and suggests that further research is required to validate the model's relationships. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Social networks,communication styles,and learning performance in a CSCL community

The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the relationships between communication styles, social networks, and learning performance in a computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) community. Using social network analysis (SNA) and longitudinal survey data, we analyzed how 31 distributed learners developed collaborative learning social networks, when they had work together on the design of aerospace systems using online collaboration tools. The results showed that both individual and structural factors (i.e., communication styles and a pre-existing friendship network) significantly affected the way the learners developed collaborative learning social networks. More specifically, learners who possessed high willingness to communicate (WTC) or occupied initially peripheral network positions were more likely to explore new network linkages. We also found that the resultant social network properties significantly influenced learners’ performance to the extent that central actors in the emergent collaborative social network tended to get higher final grades. The study suggests that communication and social networks should be central elements in a distributed learning environment. We also propose that the addition of personality theory (operationalized here as communication styles) to structural analysis (SNA) contributes to an enhanced picture of how distributed learners build their social and intellectual capital in the context of CSCL.     

Are We There Yet? A Roadmap of Network Visualization from Surveys to Task Taxonomies

Networks are abstract and ubiquitous data structures, defined as a set of data points and relationships between them. Network visualization provides meaningful representations of these data, supporting researchers in understanding the connections, gathering insights, and detecting and identifying unexpected patterns. Research in this field is focusing on increasingly challenging problems, such as visualizing dynamic, complex, multivariate, and geospatial networked data. This ever-growing, and widely varied, body of research led to several surveys being published, each covering one or more disciplines of network visualization. Despite this effort, the variety and complexity of this research represents an obstacle when surveying the domain and building a comprehensive overview of the literature. Furthermore, there exists a lack of clarification and uniformity between the terminology used in each of the surveys, which requires further effort when mapping and categorizing the plethora of different visualization techniques and approaches. In this paper, we aim at providing researchers and practitioners alike with a “roadmap” detailing the current research trends in the field of network visualization. We design our contribution as a meta-survey where we discuss, summarize, and categorize recent surveys and task taxonomies published in the context of network visualization. We identify more and less saturated disciplines of research and consolidate the terminology used in the surveyed literature. We also survey the available task taxonomies, providing a comprehensive analysis of their varying support to each network visualization discipline and by establishing and discussing a classification for the individual tasks. With this combined analysis of surveys and task taxonomies, we provide an overarching structure of the field, from which we extrapolate the current state of research and promising directions for future work.     

Approximate resolution of asynchronous conflicts among sequential collaborations in dynamic virtual environments

Asynchronous collaboration for a networked virtual environment (NVE) has emerged as a promising area in collaborative computer‐aided design applications. The concept of asynchronous collaboration is a sequential collaboration of temporal processes in an NVE where the participants are not required to be present at the time of the collaboration. Conflicts in asynchronous collaboration occur because the preceding task of a participant can influence the output of the ensuing task of another participant. The conflicted tasks must be modified manually. However, it requires considerable time and effort to resolve conflicts in a sequential collaboration. In this paper, we present an asynchronous collaborative framework that converts the conflict states of the shared objects into approximately resolved states. We develop a novel approximate resolution algorithm using a task‐based modeling mechanism to resolve the asynchronous conflicts with their corresponding tasks. Moreover, we propose a visual relation editor for convenient management. The participants can set flexible relations among shared objects using the proposed visual editor. The proposed approximate resolution approach can significantly reduce the average resolution time and the number of required manual task resolutions in a virtual environment compared to a manual resolution approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.