医学图像分割算法综述与探索

医学图像分割是图像分割技术的重要应用领域,是医学图像处理的基本技术.本文对集中典型使用的分割算法进行分类和综述,简要讨论了每种算法的研究现状.     

基于阈值的医学图像分割技术的计算机模拟及应用

随着现代计算机技术及图像处理技术的快速发展,图像分割作为图像分析、理解的基础,在诸多领域具有广泛的应用,尤其在医学方面。医学图像分割是医学图像处理和分析的关键步骤,也是其它高级医学图像分析和解释系统的核心组成部分。本文针对医学图像分割的分类、特征等进行了简要的介绍,对基于阈值的分割方法进行详尽的讨论并以计算机实际处理效果分析了各种基于阈值的分割方法的优缺点。     

医学图像分割技术中变形模型方法的研究综述*

医学图像分割是医学图像处理中的一个经典难题。医学图像分割技术的发展不仅影响到医学图像处理中其他相关技术的发展,如可视化、三维重建等,而且在生物医学图像的分析中也占有极其重要的地位。近年来,由于一些新兴学科在医学图像处理中的应用,医学图像分割技术取得了显著的进展。对近年来兴起的基于变形模型的医学图像分割技术进行研究,综述了其发展历程和基本原理,分析和比较了基于变形模型的图像分割的各种技术的优缺点,展望了该技术领域以后一段时间内的发展趋势。     

论图像分割技术在医学图像处理中的应用

随着科学技术的发展,医学图像更加精细且清晰,医学图像处理在医疗领域中的应用也越来越广泛.图像分割技术是专门用于图像处理的一门技术,通过将医学图像进行基于计算机算法的分割处理可以实现重点区域重点分析,最终完成对患者的辅助诊断.主要研究现有流行的图像分割技术,并结合显微镜成图的老鼠胎盘图像,分析图像分割技术在医学图像处理中的应用.     

基于形态学分水岭的彩色图像分割

将数学形态学理论应用到彩色图像处理是当前的研究热点问题。由于彩色图像的高维特性,导致经典的分水岭方法难以直接拓展到彩色图像处理中。已有的方法常常忽略彩色图像的色度信息,因此分割精度较低。本文提出了一种新的方法,该方法首先定义了新的彩色空间,在新的彩色空间下对彩色图像的色调和亮度分量分别进行分割,然后利用饱和度加权以实现各个分量的融合,得到最终的分割结果。实验结果表明,本文提出的新方法能正确分割彩色图像,分割效果明显优于传统的方法。     

基于HSV空间的彩色图像分割

彩色图像分割是彩色图像处理和图像识别的重要问题,彩色图像分割可以看成是灰度图像分割技术在各种颜色空间上的应用。根据HSV颜色空间颜色和亮度无关,将彩色图像从RGB空间变换到HSV空间,然后经过H分割对绿色信息进行提取得到分割结果。试验表明,这是一种计算高效的分割算法。     

基于模糊技术的彩色图像分割方法

由于彩色图像提供了比灰度图像更为丰富的信息,因此彩色图像处理正受到人们越来越多的关注。彩色图像分割是彩色图像处理的重要问题,目前对彩色图像的分割已提出了许多种算法,在这些算法中由于模糊技术能很好地表达和处理不确定性问题,因此在彩色图像分割领域会有更广阔的应用前景。本文主要介绍了基于模糊技术的模糊阈值分割法、模糊聚类分割法和模糊连接度分割法。     

基于数学形态学的医学图像分割方法研究

文章介绍了医学图像处理中的医学图像分割的有关概念和数学形态学进行图像分析的基本步骤,重点论述了几种医学图像分割方法和基于数学形态学的分水岭分割算法,并给出了该算法的优点。     

Jolly：基于Python的医学图像处理框架

研究支持快速开发医学图像处理系统的框架 Jolly,采用Python作为主要开发语言,通过对比当前已有的医学图像处理系统,抽象出应用层模块:数据管理模块、可视化管理模块、数据表示及转换模块.在主流医学图像处理系统开发包ITK、VTK等提供的医学图像分割、配准、可视化等功能基础上,提供更高级的组件式开发功能.应用实例和与当前主流开发包对比表明Jolly在支持快速开发医学图像处理系统中具有优势,可以作为开发医学图像处理系统的一个选择.     

医学图像分割方法

图像分割是图像处理和计算机视觉领域中的基本技术,是大多数图像分析及视觉系统的重要组成部分。医学图像分割是图像分割的一个重要应用领域,在临床诊疗中起着越来越重要的作用。到目前为止对医学图像的分割已有上百种方法,但还没有一个公认的最好方法,也没有一个判断分割是否成功的客观标准。总结了目前广泛应用的医学图像分割方法,讨论了每类分割方法的特点和其所适用的范围,说明了医学图像分割研究的目的及意义,展望了医学图像处理的发展前景和面临的挑战。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.