一种互耦和相干源条件下的DOA估计方法

空间平滑算法是一种常用的解相干处理方法,而阵元间互耦的存在会导致空间平滑算法失效,从而无法准确估计相干源DOA。针对这个问题,文中提出了一种新的DOA估计方法。该方法基于信号子空间和噪声子空间的正交性原理,利用入射信号源中的独立信号源可以有效估计出互耦矩阵,再通过估计的互耦矩阵对接收数据协方差矩阵进行互耦补偿,克服了互耦对空间平滑算法的影响,从而保证了相干源DOA能准确估计。计算机仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性。     

阵列互耦条件下相干信源DOA估计算法研究

针对阵列互耦条件下相干信源到达方向（DOA）估计的问题,利用均匀线阵互耦矩阵的带状循环特性及对称Toeplitz性,提出了一种基于改进的空间平滑算法的信源DOA估计算法。该算法无需阵元的互耦参数信息,只需一维谱峰搜索,避免了通常多参数联合估计的多维非线性搜索及迭代运算;由于采用改进的空间平滑算法,所以该算法具有很好的统计估计性能。计算机仿真结果验证了该算法的正确性和有效性。     

基于四阶累积量的宽带OFDM信号DOA估计

当宽带OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)独立信号和相干信号共存时,传统四阶累积量方法无法估计出宽带OFDM相干信号的来波方向,针对这个问题提出了一种新算法。该算法首先通过离散傅里叶变换,将宽带阵列接收数据分解为若干个窄带信号,通过四阶累积量方法估计出各个频点处独立信号的来波方向,将各个频点处的独立信号的DOA估计相加求平均即为宽带OFDM独立信号的DOA估计;然后分离出独立信号的信息,构造出一个只包含OFDM相干信号信息的矩阵,最后通过稀疏重构的方法估计出OFDM相干信号的DOA。计算机仿真结果证明该算法适用于非高斯信号和色噪声情况。     

基于累积量的二维DOA估计的特征向量算法

本文提出一种基于累积量的二维ＤＯＡ估计特征向量算法,算法能同时确定目标的仰角与方位角;空间平滑累量使算法能更有效抑制高斯空间有色噪声。本文证明了,通过对累积选择,算法还可抑制非高斯空间白噪声,仿真实验证明了该算法明显估于ＭＵＳＩＣ算法。     

一种新的互耦条件下宽带信号DOA估计算法

基于一致聚焦和Khatri-Rao子空间的思想,提出了一种新的互耦条件下宽带信号DOA 估计算法。首先,通过在阵列两端设置辅助阵元来补偿各个频率处的互耦效应;接着,对补偿后的协方差矩阵进行一致聚焦操作,并重排成一个高维矩阵;最后,通过搜索Khatri鄄Rao 子空间谱估计出宽带信号的DOA。算法适用于互耦未知的场合,对宽带信号频率谱是否平坦没有要求,且在互耦自由度较小时能够分辨多于阵元数的宽带信号。计算机仿真结果证明了算法的有效性。     

四阶累积量稀疏表示的DOA估计方法

针对现有稀疏重构DOA估计算法不能抑制噪声项以及在高斯色噪声背景下不再适用的问题,本文提出了基于四阶累积量稀疏重构的DOA估计方法。首先,利用接收数据的四阶累积量构建了稀疏表示模型,该模型抑制了噪声项;其次对四阶累计量矩阵进行奇异值分解,化简了稀疏表示模型,通过奇异值分解,不仅减小了数据规模,而且进一步抑制了噪声。对于稀疏表示模型的求解,先利用信号子空间与噪声子空间的正交特性选取权值矢量,然后利用加权l1范数法对模型求解实现DOA估计。理论分析和仿真实验表明本文算法在高斯白噪声和色噪声背景下均适用;能够处理非相干和相干信号,且在低信噪比条件下,对相干信号有更高的估计精度;较之同类的稀疏重构算法,本文算法具有较低的算法复杂度和更高的角度分辨力。      

互耦条件下基于4阶累积量的双基地MIMO雷达角度估计

发射和接收阵列的互耦效应将使得双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的角度估计算法性能下降.针对阵列互耦效应和高斯色噪声并存情况,该文提出一种基于4阶累积量组合矩阵构造的收发角度估计方法.该方法首先根据收发互耦矩阵的Kronecker乘积特点,并结合互耦矩阵带状、对称的Toeplitz变换性质,充分利用所有的接收数据,构造...     

互耦条件下基于4阶累积量的双基地MIMO雷达角度估计

发射和接收阵列的互耦效应将使得双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的角度估计算法性能下降.针对阵列互耦效应和高斯色噪声并存情况,该文提出一种基于4阶累积量组合矩阵构造的收发角度估计方法.该方法首先根据收发互耦矩阵的Kronecker乘积特点,并结合互耦矩阵带状、对称的Toeplitz变换性质,充分利用所有的接收数据,构造出多组发射和接收4阶累积量矩阵,通过组合收发累积量矩阵进一步构造出4阶块累积量矩阵,并利用矩阵的奇异值分解,提取出发射和接收旋转不变因子.理论和仿真结果表明:在强互耦效应情况下,所提算法能够有效估计出高斯色噪声背景下目标的收发角度,并实现自动配对.在强互耦情况下,所提算法的估计性能优于其他算法.     

基于四阶累积量的后验稀疏约束迭代DOA估计方法

子空间DOA估计方法的一个缺点是在子空间分解过程中难以利用信号的相关信息或有关DOA估计的先验信息改善DOA估计的性能。该文结合子空间方法和四阶累积量矩阵拟合方法,利用信号四阶累积量矩阵的结构信息与信号间相互独立的先验信息,研究了一种新的不相关窄带信号波达方向(DOA)的迭代估计方法。理论分析和仿真实验结果表明,这种迭代DOA估计方法一般经过几次迭代就能获得稳定的高分辨率DOA估计。     

考虑互耦影响下的DOA估计算法

研究了考虑互耦情况下的DOA估计算法MUSIC算法。互耦改变了阵列响应矢量和接收信号相干矩阵的特征值结构,因此影响了DOA估计的精度,用矩量法计算了由半波振子阵列的单元之间的互耦,通过得到的阻抗矩阵来估计互耦的影响。最终给出了计算机仿真的结果。     

阵元间互耦条件下一维波达方向估计方法

该文在与波达方向(DOA)有关的阵元间互耦条件下,提出了一种新的自校准DOA估计方法,并给出了参数可辨识性的一个必要条件。该方法利用一维DOA搜索,无需估计互耦参数,避免了多维参数搜索和迭代过程。仿真实验结果表明,阵元间互耦参数和DOA估计存在模糊性。在其间存在互耦的阵元个数已知的条件下,可以得到正确的DOA估计结果。     

Two-dimensional direction of arrival estimation in the presence of uncorrelated and coherent signals

In this paper, a novel two-dimensional direction of arrival (2-D DOA) estimation method is proposed based on a new array configuration when uncorrelated and coherent signals coexist. The DOAs of uncorrelated signals are estimated using the non-zero eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of the DOA matrix (DOAM) combined with our proposed criterion. Meanwhile, we can form a new matrix without the information of uncorrelated signals. Then the coherent signals are resolved with the redefined DOAM that is constructed by the smoothed matrices of the new matrix. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. Other arrays that contain multiple identical central-symmetric subarrays (e.g. uniform rectangular arrays) can also be applied with our method.     

Directions of arrival estimation with planar antenna arrays in the presence of mutual coupling

Directions of arrival (DoAs) estimation of multiple sources using an antenna array is a challenging topic in wireless communication. The DoAs estimation accuracy depends not only on the selected technique and algorithm, but also on the geometrical configuration of the antenna array used during the estimation. In this article the robustness of common planar antenna arrays against unaccounted mutual coupling is examined and their DoAs estimation capabilities are compared and analysed through computer simulations using the well-known MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm. Our analysis is based on an electromagnetic concept to calculate an approximation of the impedance matrices that define the mutual coupling matrix (MCM). Furthermore, a CRB analysis is presented and used as an asymptotic performance benchmark of the studied antenna arrays. The impact of the studied antenna arrays geometry on the MCM structure is also investigated. Simulation results show that the UCCA has more robustness against unaccounted mutual coupling and performs better results than both UCA and URA geometries. The performed simulations confirm also that, although the UCCA achieves better performance under complicated scenarios, the URA shows better asymptotic (CRB) behaviour which promises more accuracy on DoAs estimation.     

Direction finding in the presence of mutual coupling

An eigenstructure-based method for direction finding in the presence of sensor mutual coupling, gain, and phase uncertainties is presented. The method provides estimates of the directions-of-arrival (DOA) of all the radiating sources as well as calibration of the gain and phase of each sensor and the mutual coupling in the receiving array. The proposed algorithm is able to calibrate the array parameters without prior knowledge of the array manifold, using only signals of opportunity and avoiding the need for deploying auxiliary sources at known locations. The algorithm is described in detail, and its behavior is illustrated by numerical examples     

L型阵列互耦条件下的二维波达方向估计

针对L型阵列,提出一种去互耦算法.该算法在L型阵列的两均匀线阵上分别取受互耦影响一致的阵元,则其理想导向向量可与互耦参数剥离,用其中一组阵元输出的协方差阵和两组阵元输出的互协方差阵构建矩阵,根据其传播算子构成的信号子空间和阵元导向向量张成同一空间以及均匀线阵的旋转不变特性得到两个与方向角和俯仰角相关的信息参量.在这两参量配对时,只需对包含信息参量的其中一个矩阵进行一次特征值分解以及简单的除法运算即可实现.理论和仿真表明,该算法无需谱峰搜索,只需一次特征分解,有效抑制了互耦影响,测量精度高.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation in the presence of mutual coupling based on joint sparse recovery

A novel Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimation method is proposed in the presence of mutual coupling using the joint sparse recovery. In the proposed method, the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue of covariance matrix of array measurement is viewed as the signal to be represented. By exploiting the geometrical property in steering vectors and the symmetric Toeplitz structure of Mutual Coupling Matrix (MCM), the redundant dictionaries containing the DOA information are constructed. Consequently, the optimization model based on joint sparse recovery is built and then is solved through Second Order Cone Program (SOCP) and Interior Point Method (IPM). The DOA estimates are gotten according to the positions of nonzeros elements. At last, computer simulations demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed method.     

基于Toeplitz矩阵重构算法的宽带相干信号方位估计

根据天线阵列接收到的数据,提出了一种基于Toeplitz矩阵重构的宽带相干源方位估计算法.该算法先由Toeplitz 阵列接收到的数据得到包含波达方向信息的协方差矩阵,再对该协方差矩阵进行聚焦处理,得到同一频率的阵列协方差矩阵,最后由高分辨子空间处理方法得到宽带相干信号的波达方向估计.仿真实验证明了该方法的有效性.     

用禁忌搜索实现DOA估计

为解决DOA参数估计搜索算法中局部极值和实时性等问题,从现代优化理论的角度出发,选用比遗传算法、模拟退火法更易利用问题特殊信息的禁忌搜索算法来求解DOA的极大似然估计.理论分析和仿真结果表明:该方法不仅能获得全局最优解;而且在获得与AP算法相当测向精度和测向分辨率的情况下,有更低的计算量;对相干信号,其性能比AP算法有较大的提高.     

共形阵列非圆信号波达方向估计算法

受共形载体变曲率结构的影响,各天线单元指向不尽相同,使得共形天线阵列呈现极化多样性。因此,共形天线阵列的建模过程中需考虑不同阵元的极化响应特性。基于柱面共形天线阵列的快拍数据模型,利用非圆信号的特性对阵列输出进行扩展,基于秩亏理论和子空间原理实现信号波达方向（DOA）估计,所提方法估计精度高,不需要参数配对。存在相干信源时,提出对扩展后的虚拟阵列进行划分,对划分出的子阵进行虚拟的空间平滑,实现解相干的预处理操作。仿真结果表明该方法能有效应用于柱面共形阵列非圆信号DOA估计,并提高了空间分辨率。      

Minimum norm mutual coupling compensation with applications in direction of arrival estimation

This paper introduces a new mutual coupling compensation method based on the minimum norm solution to an underdetermined system of equations. The crucial advantage over previous techniques is that the formulation is valid independent of the type of antenna element and provides good results in situations where signal strengths vary considerably. In using the matrix pencil algorithm to estimate the directions of arrival, the examples show that the proposed method results in significantly lower bias than the traditional open circuit method. The analysis of mutual coupling is also applied in the context of a code division multiple access communication system.