高级氧化法处理难降解有机废水研究进展

综述了几种高级氧化法包括Fenton法、O3/UV法、O3/H2O2法、UV/H2O2法、O3/UV/H2O2法和TiO2法的反应机理、特点及在难降解有机废水处理中的应用进展,并对高级氧化法存在的问题及今后的研究方向进行了探讨。     

O3、O3/H2O2、O3/H2O2/UV工艺降解炸药工业废水中RDX的试验研究

为了研究高级氧化技术对含黑索今(RDX)的炸药工业废水的处理效果,本文采用O3、O3/H2O2、O3/H2O2/UV 3种氧化工艺分别对废水中的RDX进行了降解试验,并对比分析了3种工艺的处理效果和机制。结果表明:O3/H2O2、O3/H2O2/UV工艺对RDX的去除率明显优于O3工艺;提高体系的pH值将有利于RDX的降解;随着RDX初始浓度的增加,RDX的去除率呈现下降趋势;投加H2O2和UV照射可提高臭氧的利用率,且O3/H2O2/UV工艺催化臭氧分解的能力比O3/H2O2工艺强。     

臭氧高级氧化法处理化工废水的进展研究

单独臭氧氧化降解化工废水的效率较低,为提高降解效率,研究者们开发了O3/UV、O3/H2O2、O3催化氧化等组合工艺,不仅能够对难降解有机物进行降解,而且最终生成无害的氧气.关于O3/UV、O3/H2O2、O3催化氧化这三种臭氧高级氧化法处理化工废水的协同机理及一些研究进展取得了一定成效,分别阐述了研究者们对各方法一些应用研究,对臭氧高级氧化在化工废水处理领域的应用前景进行了概述.     

UV/H_2O_2、UV/O_3和O_3体系中自由基产生效率的比较研究

以水杨酸(Salicylic Acid,SA)为模型探针分子,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)研究了UV/H2O2、UV/O3和O3等高级氧化工艺的羟基自由基(·OH)产生效率。实验结果表明,在SA初始浓度40mg/L,反应时间10min,氧化剂投加量2mmol/L的条件下,2,5-DHBA和2,3-DHBA为水杨酸与·OH反应的主要中间产物。三种高级氧化工艺中,UV/H2O2体系具有最高的羟基自由基(·OH)产生效率。     

油田采出水中萘和芴的紫外光催化和·OH氧化降解过程影响因素与条件优化分析

在UV/H2O2和UV/Ti O2/H2O2两大氧化体系中,利用·OH的氧化原理,研究了不同影响因素(UV波长、p H、H2O2)对油田采出水中多环芳烃萘和芴降解效率的影响,找出处理萘和芴的最佳优化条件和组合。对萘和芴而言,UV/H2O2体系下双氧水的最佳条件分别为0.001,0.1 mol,UV/Ti O2/H2O2的优化组合是UVC,p H=8.5,O3=10g/L。实验结果表明:与UV/H2O2相比,UV/Ti O2/H2O2对油田采出水中的多环芳烃萘和芴的降解效果好。     

O3/H2O2氧化工艺去除水中硝基苯的研究

以硝基苯为代表性有机污染物 ,对比了臭氧化和O3/H2 O2 高级氧化工艺对水中硝基苯的去除效果 .发现与臭氧化相比 ,O3/H2 O2 高级氧化工艺可以显著地提高水中硝基苯的去除效率 .无论在臭氧化还是在O3/H2 O2 高级氧化工艺中 ,水中硝基苯的降解都主要是由OH·完成的 .通过考察O3/H2 O2 高级氧化工艺去除水中硝基苯的影响因素发现 ,在O3和过H2 O2 投量相同的条件下 ,多次投加O3和催化剂H2 O2 对水中硝基苯的处理效果明显优于一次性投加 ;在本次试验条件下 ,O3/H2 O2 高级氧化工艺降解蒸馏水和自来水中硝基苯的最优H2 O2 与O3摩尔比均为 0 5 ,HCO- 3碱度水平 (以CaCO3计 )在低于 1 0 0mg/L范围内对去除硝基苯无显著影响     

O3/H2O2氧化苯乙烯气体性能及机制

O3/H2O2体系能产生大量自由基,臭氧与自由基的耦合氧化作用能提高苯乙烯的氧化去除效率.采用O3/H2O2氧化高浓度苯乙烯有机废气,研究了臭氧投加量、停留时间、H2O2体积分数、循环液喷淋密度和O3/C8H8摩尔比对苯乙烯去除率的影响.结果表明,O3/H2O2气液两相氧化能高效净化苯乙烯有机废气,苯乙烯去除率可达85.7%.适宜运行条件:停留时间为20.6 s,H2O2体积分数为10%,喷淋密度为1.72 m3·(m2·h)-1,O3/C8H8摩尔比为0.46.采用GC-MS分析O3/H2O2气液两相高级氧化苯乙烯出口气样,研究结果表明苯甲醛(C6H5CHO)和苯甲酸(C6H5COOH)为O3/H2O2氧化苯乙烯的中间产物,并推测出苯乙烯的降解机制.     

UV/H_2O_2氧化处理水中去污剂

表面活性剂是一类特殊的有机污染物,在去污、洗衣、印染等废水中广泛存在.本文以某电厂实用的5种去污剂为研究对象,考察了UV/H2O2对5种去污剂的矿化能力,研究了H2O2和去污剂初始浓度、初始p H值、去污剂种类、辐照时间等因素对氧化效果的影响.结果表明,5种去污剂在254 nm处均无较强吸收,单独UV辐照对其降解效果不明显.当去污剂初始DOC浓度为50 mg·L-1,H2O2最佳投加量为1 m L·L-1,反应时间为90 min时,对5种去污剂的矿化率(即DOC去除率)在53%~87%,矿化率随去污剂种类的不同而不同.对去污剂的矿化率随着UV辐照时间的延长而增大,去除率曲线符合一级反应动力学方程.废水初始p H值对氧化效果的影响不显著,H2O2/DOC比值对氧化效果有显著影响.研究表明,UV/H2O2技术能高效矿化水中的去污剂,H2O2/DOC比值和UV辐照时间是影响氧化效率的关键因素.     

水处理中的高级氧化技术

随着水质污染的日益严重,以产生大量自由基为主体的高级氧化技术越来越受到人们的关注.本文综述了O3/H2O2,O3/uV,H2O2/uV和催化臭氧化几种高级氧化技术在水处理中的应用及其反应机理,并对其发展前景进行了分析.     

O_3、UV、H_2O_2及其组合工艺处理有机污染物的效果对比研究

采用O3、UV(紫外光)、H2O2及其多种组合工艺处理乙酸有机污水,在不同的操作条件下进行比较和探讨,结果表明:组合工艺较之单独氧化剂具有优势,其对乙酸的去除能力为O3/H2O2相似文献   

高级氧化技术在废水处理中的应用研究进展

探讨了高级氧化技术（Ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ Ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎ Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ，即ＡＯＰｓ）如：Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂均相湿式催化氧化；Ｈ２Ｏ２／ＵＶ、Ｏ３／ＵＶ、Ｏ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２／ＵＶ均相光催化氧化；多相湿式催化氧化，多相光催化氧化，多相催化和生化氧化等过程处理废水及其反应机理，论述了ＡＯＰｓ技术在工业废水处理方面的研究进展。     

Chemical oxygen demand reduction in coffee wastewater through chemical flocculation and advanced oxidation processes

The removal of the natural organic matter present in coffee processing wastewater through chemical coagulation-flocculation and advanced oxidation processes （AOP） had been studied. The effectiveness of the removal of natural organic matter using commercial flocculants and UV/H202, UV/O3 and UV/H2O2/O3 processes was determined under acidic conditions. For each of these processes, different operational conditions were explored to optimize the treatment efficiency of the coffee wastewater. Coffee wastewater is characterized by a high chemical oxygen demand （COD） and low total suspended solids. The outcomes of coffee wastewater treatment using coagulation-flocculation and photodegradation processes were assessed in terms of reduction of COD, color, and turbidity. It was found that a reduction in COD of 67% could be realized when the coffee wastewater was treated by chemical coagulation-flocculation with lime and coagulant T-1. When coffee wastewater was treated by coagulation-flocculation in combination with UV/H2O2, a COD reduction of 86% was achieved, although only after prolonged UV irradiation. Of the three advanced oxidation processes considered, UV/H2O2, UV/O3 and UV/H2O2/O3, we found that the treatment with UV/H2O2/O3 was the most effective, with an efficiency of color, turbidity and further COD removal of 87%, when applied to the flocculated coffee wastewater.     

Decolorization of Blue CL-BR dye by AOPs using bleach wastewater as source of H2O2

This research was focused on the investigation of the efficacy of advanced oxidation processes (Fenton,ozonation and UV/H_2O_2) for decolorization of reactive azo dye (Blue CL-BR) using bleach wastewater as possible source of H_2O_2.All the experiments were performed on the laboratory scale set-up.The results showed that colour removal efficiencies by UV or bleach (H_2O_2) alone were not so efficient.Fenton process with bleach wastewater was found to be the most effective at process conditions such as pH of 3 and H_2O_2/Fe~(2 ) ratio of 24:1,resulting in 64% colour removal.Almost complete colour removal,i.e.,99% and 95% were achieved by UV/H_2O_2 and UVfoleach wastewater in 30 and 60 min,respectively.Ozonation proved an efficient method for decolorization of Blue CL-BR dye at alkaline pH.It was possible to achieve 98% colour removal with 30 min of ozonation at pH 9.The colour removal of dye was found to follow first order kinetics.     

Removal of citrate and hypophosphite binary components using Fenton, photo-Fenton and electro-Fenton processes

Both citrate and hypophosphite in aqueous solution were degraded by advanced oxidation processes (Fe2+/H2O2, UV/Fe2+/H2O2, and electrolysis/ Fe2+/H2O2) in this study. Comparison of these techniques in oxidation efficiency was undertaken. It was found that Fenton process could not degrade completely citrate in the presence of hypophosphite since it caused a series inhibition. Therefore, UV light (photo-Fenton) or electron current (electro-Fenton) was applied to improve the degradation efficiency of the Fenton process. Results showed that both photo-Fenton and electro-Fenton processes could overcome the inhibition of hypophosphite, especially the electro-Fenton.     

光化学法降解水中氯代苯酚的研究进展

氯代苯酚（一氯、二氯、三氯、四氯和五氯苯酚）是一类重要的有机污染物。文章综合评述了它们在水中光化学降解的国内外研究进展，并比较各种高级氧化技术（ＵＶ、ＵＶ／Ｈ２Ｏ２、ＵＶ／Ｏ３、ＵＶ／Ｈ２Ｏ２／Ｆｅ（Ⅱ／Ⅲ）、ＵＶ／ＴｉＯ２）降解这些有机物的效率与影响因素，分析了它们的降解产物和分布及其反应机理。     

UV－H2O2法去除亚硝酸盐氮和氨氮的研究

用H₂O₂、紫外光(UV)辐射促进H₂O₂方法考察了水中NO-₂和NH+₄的氧化,结果表明,NO-O₂能被H₂O₂有效地氧化,而NH+₄不能被NO-₂和H₂O₂氧化,但UV辐射均有助于反应进行,使反应速率加快。