一种资源约束下的工程项目进度计划优化方法

着眼于资源的调配,提出利用关键路线与非关键路线上完工概率的不同,有目的地将非关键路线上的资源调配到关键路线上进行进度计划优化的算法,并对该方法进行了算例说明,结果表明该法对资源约束下的工程项目进度计划优化具有实际意义。     

总承包工程大计划管理研究

随着不断发展,传统的施工总承包商向工程总承包服务商转变,已成为施工企业发展的必然趋势。原来单一的工期计划管理已经不能匹配目前的高速复杂发展状况,从而应运而生出一种新型计划管理模式——大计划管理模式。大计划管理模式是结合工期计划、进度计划,工作关键线路管控等措施,从节点计划的编制着手,明晰进度计划的逻辑关系,保证节点计划的可行性实现率,做到工期管控精细化。因此,针对大计划的管理方式与方法进行简单的探究。     

浅谈建设工程项目进度管理方法与应用研究

进度控制是一个项目成败至关重要的因素,关系到项目建成投入运营的时间、项目实际的成本控制、项目的资源消耗及项目整体的利润等,进度是项目目标得以实现的关键指标。本文笔者从项目科学的进度计划、工期、动态控制等方面的定义出发,列举项目进度计划的问题,从而根据项目进度计划的动态控制（PDCA）与闭环管理,通过项目进度计划的科学调整,借助网络计划技术、相关的计算机仿真模拟方法。总结工序工期不确定性、资源不能满足进度计划、工序复杂等综合因素,最终确保项目进度得到科学控制。     

基于BIM技术的建设工程项目施工进度管理研究

<正>工程项目施工进度管理是采用科学的方法确定进度目标和编制进度计划、资源供应计划,在与质量、费用目标协同的基础上,实现工期目标。项目施工进度管理科学与否决定了工程项目能否如期完工,其重要目标之一是平衡整个建设工程项目的支出与收益。目前,多数工程项目的施工进度管理方式是通过传统的文字和图表来表示,主要应用P6项目管理软件和Project管理软件编制进度计划,再通过横道图法、关键线路法等对项目进行进度控制,控制方法是将进度计划与现场实际施工情况对比,由相关单位进行分析后,如发现存在偏差,则及时采取各种措施纠正,同时根据具体情况决定是否需要对进度计划进行优化。这种方式在实际应用中存在较多弊端,主要体现在时效性差、效率低等。     

浅谈加强施工项目进度控制

基于施工项目进度控制是建筑施工管理的重中之重,对控制实施阶段施工单位应进行的控制工作进行了分析,介绍了项目进度计划的编制依据,探讨了施工进度网络计划的编制,从工期、资源、成本三方面对施工进度计划进行优化,从而降低施工成本,提高资源的效率。     

工程项目工期——资源优化方法研究

在深入探讨工程项目实施过程中进度计划与资源计划协调运行的同时 ,提出了在资源限制性条件下对工期进行优化的“RSM”法 ,并对该方法繁复的计算过程进行了改进 ,从而可以大大减少手算工作量、节省计算机内存、使工期——资源优化快速而便捷的完成     

项目资源动态管理模型的初探

项目资源管理应用是多层次、多目标、动态的管理,它优化各种资源配置与组合,有计划地组织、协调、控制各种资源,在动态中注平衡。动态管理模型能够本着节约的原则编制资源供计划,并进行资源使用效果分析,配合进度计划改变资源投入。动态管理基于对进度计划的实施调整和子网络的选择,并利用层次结构的工作分解结构编码（ＷＢＳ）进行操作。而资源的优化调整决定于各种约束关系,利用约束减少求解空间,产生优化方案。     

建筑工程电气设备安装工程进度管理体系构建

在分析了建筑工程电气设备安装工程进度管理的特点基础上,对建筑工程电气设备安装进度的优化方法进行了探讨,最后以某建筑工程电气设备安装工程说明进度计划的问题。     

旅检大楼(施工)总进度管理

本文针对旅检大楼项目工期紧张问题,结合项目实际,进行了计划研究、进度调整研究、解决进度瓶颈研究,采用紧抓关键资源投入、使用计划评审技术、解决穿插施工干扰,解决项目实施过程干预程度等办法,得出了大型赶工项目能够成功赶工,以及赶工所必须付出一部分质量或成本代价的结论。     

IT项目研发过程中的进度管理研究

介绍了项目进度管理和IT项目新产品开发的基本阶段流程,并对IT项目研发过程中的进度管理关键影响因素进行分析,只有对进度计划、进度控制和项目沟通管理进行关键控制,严格把关和控制项目工期估算,关键路径和关键资源,集成产品开发体系,加强对供应商项目进度的管理才能保证IT企业在如今竞争激烈的全球浪潮中,成功领先市场,立于不败之地。改善企业目前的进度管理瓶颈,推进企业研发的顺利完成。     

不确定性条件下建设工程设计进度优化研究

随着建设工程项目的大型化、复杂化,其设计中的迭代问题也呈多发趋势。但相应技术或方法的缺乏,使得管理者在面对此类问题时常显得束手无策。因此,本文尝试将DSM理论引入到复杂建设工程设计进度管理领域,针对传统进度管理方法的缺陷及现有复杂建设工程设计过程中易发的迭代问题,构建一种以DSM理论为基础的进度优化体系,同时用蒙特卡洛模拟方法对设计进度的不确定性进行研究,最终将其运用于某大飞机配套工程设计进度优化中。结果显示,该模型在迭代活动识别、活动排序优化及工期分布预测计算方面均具有一定的优势,并可以通过解耦操作实现进度的优化,通过仿真模拟预判关键活动,为复杂建设工程设计进度的优化提供了新的思路。     

The determinants of the vertical boundaries of the construction firm: comment

A method is presented for allocating resources to construction activities and for scheduling construction projects under resource constraints by considering the effects that such resource limitations may have on the tendency of the activities (and the project in general) to fall into disarray and behind schedule. Resource‐constrained scheduling problems (RCSP) are very common in real‐life construction projects and because of their nature their numerical solution is computationally intensive. The method utilizes a measure of each activity's perceived level of disorder stemming from resource limitations. The proposed technique aims to optimize the number of resources assigned to the activities and to schedule the project so as to minimize the overall project's tendency to fall into disorder. The entropy‐like metric used in the scheduling optimization is related to the ratio of required over‐assigned resource units per activity, and its utilization allows a planner to take into consideration project disorder when planning a project. A case study and its mathematical framework help demonstrate the ‘duration vs. disorder’ trade‐off analysis that planners should perform when considering possible activity resource assignments and the feasibility of these assignments in terms of induced disorder. The entropy optimization method proves to be a powerful project‐planning metric.     

Network-Wide Optimal Scheduling of Transit Systems Using Genetic Algorithms

The primary objective of any transit system is to provide a better level of service to its passengers. One of the good measures of level of service is the waiting time of passengers during their journey. The waiting time consists of an initial waiting time (the time a passenger waits to board a vehicle at his or her point of origin) and a transfer time (the time a passenger waits at a transfer station while transferring from one vehicle to another). An efficient schedule minimizes the overall transfer time (TT) of passengers transferring between different routes as well as the initial waiting time (IWT) of the passengers waiting to board the vehicle at their point of origin. This paper uses genetic algorithm (GA)—a search and optimization procedure—to find optimal/near-optimal schedules of vehicles in a transit network. The main advantage of using GA is that the transit network scheduling problem can be reformulated in a manner that is computationally more efficient than the original problem. Further, the coding aspect of GA inherently takes care of most of the constraints associated with the scheduling problem. Results from a number of test problems show that GAs are able to find optimal/near-optimal schedules with minimal computational resources.     

Project 2003项目管理与工程范例应用

Microsoft Project 2003作为一个功能强大,使用灵活的项目管理软件,可以帮助用户有效地计划、设计和管理一个项目.文章结合工程实例讨论了如何应用项目管理软件Pmject 2003自动生成一定资源配置下的项目进度计划,重点探讨了利用Project 2003进行"工期-资源"优化的方法和操作要点.     

Optimization of overlapping activities in the design phase of construction projects

A well-known practice to accelerate construction projects is to overlap the design phase activities. For a typical construction project, a number of overlapping strategies exist during the design phase which all can result in timesaving. However, the cost of these strategies varies significantly depending on the total rework and complexity they generate. A favorable overlapping strategy is one that generates the required timesaving at the minimum cost. To find such a strategy, the question “Which activities have to be overlapped and to what extent to reduce the project duration at the minimum cost?” should be answered. This research aimed at answering the question through generating an overlapping optimization algorithm. The algorithm works based on the principles of genetic algorithms (GAs). The algorithm explained in the paper is unique compared to previous algorithms and frameworks available in the literature, as it can optimize multi-path networks and can handle all types of activity dependencies (i.e. finish-to-start, start-to-start, and finish-to-finish). It also takes both critical and non-critical activities into account and follows the critical path if the critical path changes or new critical paths emerge. A computer tool was also developed to run, examine and validate the overlapping optimization algorithm. This paper introduces the algorithm and the computer tool in detail and explains the results of their validation through optimizing a real-world project schedule.     

A framework of critical resource chain for project schedule analysis

Analysing a schedule is beneficial to help stakeholders understand the scheduled project. Project schedules, which create time plans based on the critical path method (CPM) or on resource‐constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) optimization, are targets herein. The Theory of Constraints (TOC) treats a schedule as a system. Schedule elements are suspected constraints and a goal depends on the schedule creation policy. Resource information is further surveyed herein to identify true constraints. A framework is proposed to integrate identified constraints on a schedule, and the critical resource chain concept is introduced. Three scenarios illustrate the proposed framework under different scheduling considerations. Results explain schedule constraints, and several schedule analysis issues are discussed.     

资源有限下的公共建设项目进度优化研究--基于改进的蚁群优化算法

进度优化是施工项目计划的一个重要方面,文章提出了运用改进的蚁群优化算法来解决资源有限下的公共建设项目的进度优化问题,通过对西安北客站的实例的分析,进一步验证了蚁群优化算法对进度优化问题的求解具有普遍适用性。     

基于改进挣值法的工程项目进度优化研究

"挣值法"作为一种项目管理技术由于自身的缺陷与不足不能直接应用于工程项目的进度优化,需要进行改进与拓展。针对项目进度优化的具体问题,对"挣值法"进行了引入关键线路和扰动参数的改进与拓展,同时提出了运用改进后"挣值法"进行工期预测的计算公式与工期扰动参数估算公式。改进后的"挣值法"可以理清项目进度偏差的来源与进一步提高对项目完工工期预测的准确度,为后续项目进度优化过程中制定措施修正进度偏差与适当压缩工期提供参考。研究目的在于提高"挣值法"应用于工程项目进度优化的适用度。最后用曲线图对引入关键线路法、扰动参数后改进的挣值管理模型进行了阐释说明,并给出了一个具体使用改进后"挣值法"的案例。     

Multimode Project Scheduling Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Abstract:  The multimode resource-constrained project scheduling problem (MRCPSP) considers both renewable and nonrenewable resources that have not been addressed efficiently in the construction field. This article introduces a methodology for solving the MRCPSP based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) that has not been utilized for this and other construction-related problems. The framework of the PSO-based methodology is developed. A particle representation formulation is proposed to represent the potential solution to the MRCPSP in terms of priority combination and mode combination for activities. Each particle-represented solution should be checked against the nonrenewable resource infeasibility and will be handled by adjusting the mode combination. The feasible particle-represented solution is transformed to a schedule through a serial generation scheme. Experimental analyses are presented to investigate the performance of the proposed methodology.