老年人和青年人咀嚼前后脑血流变化的对照研究

目的：通过对老年人和青年人咀嚼前后脑血流变化的对照研究,观察咀嚼运动对脑血流的影响。方法：应用经颅多普勒超声诊断仪探测老年人和青年人大脑中动脉的收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速及平均峰流速,进行方差分析。结果：两组受试者在咀嚼5min后、咀嚼10min后的收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速及平均峰流速均高于咀嚼前,并有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。在各时间段上,老年人除在舒张期峰流速均数低于青年人外,在收缩期峰流速均数和平均峰流速均数与青年人无显著性差异。结论：老年人正常咀嚼功能时脑血流指标趋向与青年组脑血流指标相似,提示咀嚼运动对老年人脑血流量增加同样有促进作用。     

老年人咀嚼前后脑血流变化的对照研究

目的；通过对老年人咀嚼前后脑血流变化的对照研究，探讨咀嚼运动对脑血流的影响。方法：应用经颅多普勒超声诊断仪探测老年人大脑中动脉的收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速及平均峰流速，SPSS10．0统讣软件进行重复测量数据的方羌分析。结果：咀嚼5分钟和10分钟后的收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速及平均峰流速均高于咀嚼前，有硅著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：咀嚼运动可明显提高老年人大脑中动脉的血流速度，增加栩应脑区的供血量。年龄因素虽然被证实可以降低大脑中动脉的血流速度，但是咀嚼功能正常可以减少这种影响。     

咀嚼对脑血流动力学影响的临床实验研究

目的观察正常受试者咀嚼运动前后脑血流的改变,探讨咀嚼对脑血流动力学的影响及意义。方法应用经颅彩色多谱勒超声扫描仪（transcranial color doppler,TCCD）,探测30名正常受试者在安静状态下和咀嚼无糖口香糖10分钟后脑血流速的改变,对大脑中动脉收缩期峰流速（systolic peak flow velocity,Vs）、舒张期末峰流速（enddiastolic peak flow velocity,Vd）、平均峰流速（mean peak flow velocity,Vm）进行统计分析。结果①30名受试者咀嚼前脑血流速值均数（单位：cm/s）：收缩期峰流速（Vs）-91.785,舒张期末峰流速（Vd）-39.385,平均峰流速（Vm）-55.735;咀嚼后均数：收缩期峰流速（Vs）-103.030,舒张期末峰流速（Vd）-46.015,平均峰流速（Vm）-64.090;②经两样本均数t检验可知咀嚼前后的大脑中动脉的收缩期峰流速（Vs）、舒张期末峰流速（Vd）、平均峰流速（Vm）的结果在男性与女性之间均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;③受试者咀嚼前后配对t检验结果显示,受试者咀嚼后大脑中动脉收缩期峰流速（Vs）、舒张期末峰流速（Vd）及平均峰流速（Vm）与咀嚼前相比均有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论咀嚼可使大脑中动脉血管充盈度增加,血流速度显著加快。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病咬合板治疗前后脑血流变化的初步探讨

目的：通过咬合板治疗前后咀嚼运动时脑血流变化的测定，探讨咬合板在治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）时脑血流的变化。方法：使用德国DML系列multidopX1经颅多普勒超声诊断仪测定脑血流的改变。对大脑中动脉的收缩期峰流速，舒张期末峰流速与平均峰流速进行对比分析。结果：病例组和对照组在行使咀嚼运动后，大脑中动脉的血流明显增加。未戴咬合板和戴咬合板的TMD患者咀嚼运动后，脑血流速无明显改变。结论：咀嚼运动可以促进脑部血液循环，咬合板对大脑中动脉血流速影响不大。     

咀嚼对无牙颌患者脑血流动力学影响的研究

目的 观察无牙颌患者咀嚼运动前后脑血流的改变,探讨咀嚼对脑血流动力学的影响.方法 应用经颅彩色多谱勒超声扫描仪,探测30名戴用全口义齿3个月内的无牙颌患者,在安静状态下及戴用全口义齿和不戴义齿咀嚼无糖口香糖10min后脑血流速的改变,对大脑中动脉收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速、平均峰流速进行统计分析.结果 30名无牙...     

上颌骨缺损患者手术前后咀嚼运动时脑血流的变化研究

目的:测量上颌骨缺损患者手术前后咀嚼运动时脑血流的变化,探讨上颌骨缺损所致咀嚼功能降低与脑血流变化的关系.方法:选取因肿瘤手术切除将导致上颌骨缺损的患者16例,应用经颅多普勒超声探测仪,测量其手术前不咀嚼、空咀嚼5min、10min三个时段的大脑中动脉(MCA)收缩期峰流速(Vs)、舒张期末峰流速(Vd)、平均峰流速值(Vm).在患者手术后约2个月(永久赝复体修复前),再分别测量相应的数值.采用SPSS13.0进行重复测量数据的方差分析.结果:手术因素对于Vs、Vd的影响差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而对于Vm有明显的影响(P＜0.05).时间因素对Vs、Vd、Vm的影响差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).随着咀嚼时间的延长,峰流速均数增加.时间因素与手术因素(即术前和术后)对Vs、Vd、Vm的影响有交互作用(P＜0.05).结论:切除术前和术后,空咀嚼运动均有促使其大脑中动脉脑血流量增加的作用,且随咀嚼运动时间延长(累计咀嚼10min),脑血流速呈加快趋势.与术前相比,切除术后咀嚼运动时大脑中动脉血流量降低.     

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目的    探讨可摘式局部义齿咬合重建修复对脑血流的影响。方法    选择2008年1月至2010年1月在山西医科大学口腔医院修复科就诊的需进行咬合重建修复的患者20例,在咬合重建前后分别应用经颅多普勒超声诊断仪探测患者大脑中动脉（MCA）的收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速及平均峰流速,并进行比较分析。结果    20例患者进行咬合重建后,咀嚼前与咀嚼后MCA的收缩期峰流速、收缩期末峰流速及平均峰流速均比咬合重建前增加,且差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论    咬合重建修复可提高患者MCA的血流速度,增加相应脑区的供血量。     

全口义齿垂直距离恢复过低对脑血流的影响

目的研究全口义齿垂直距离恢复过低对脑血流的影响。方法选取10例无牙颌患者,应用经颅多普勒超声诊断仪,探测全口义齿垂直距离恢复过低患者（降低5 mm）在咀嚼前、咀嚼10 min和咀嚼20 min时大脑中动脉的平均峰流速度、收缩期峰流速度和舒张期末峰流速度。试验采取自身前、后对照,应用SPSS18.0软件包对数据进行独立样本t检验和方差分析。结果试验组在咀嚼前、咀嚼10 min和咀嚼20 min时的血流速度无显著变化,而对照组血流速度显著升高。试验组在咀嚼10 min后血流速度显著性低于对照组,咀嚼20 min后血流速度无显著变化。结论全口义齿垂直距离恢复过低患者在咀嚼运动时脑血流无显著增加。     

游离端缺牙患者义齿修复前后咀嚼运动时脑血流的变化研究

目的：探讨游离端缺牙患者可摘局部义齿修复前后咀嚼运动不同时段脑血流变化。方法：从临床选择双侧游离端缺牙患者16例，应用经颅多普勒超声探测仪，记录其咀嚼前、咀嚼5min和咀嚼10min三个时段的大脑中动脉脑血流数值，在患者可摘局部义齿修复1个月后，再分别测量其三个时段的脑血流数值，比较修复前后咀嚼运动不同时段脑血流流速的变化。结果：患者修复前后配对t检验结果显示：游离端缺牙患者修复前、后咀嚼5min的Vs、Vd、Vm值均有显著差异（P〈0．05），修复前、后咀嚼10min的Vd、Vm值有显著差异（P〈0．05）。结论：可摘局部义齿的修复恢复了游离端缺牙患者的咀嚼功能，脑部供血量有所增加，咀嚼运动具有促使老年人脑血流量增加的趋势。     

生物功能性全口义齿修复对无牙颌患者脑血流量的影响

目的 通过检测无牙颌患者进行生物功能性全口义齿修复后不同时间点大脑中动脉血流速度的变化,探讨生物功能性全口义齿修复治疗对脑血流量的影响作用。方法 选择临床无牙颌患者,进行生物功能性全口义齿修复治疗,应用TCD经颅多普勒彩色超声诊断仪分别对患者进行义齿修复前和修复后当天、3个月、6个月在平静和咀嚼运动状态下的大脑中动脉收缩期峰流速（VS）、舒张期末峰流速（Vd）及平均峰流速（Vm）值检测。结果 平静状态下,修复治疗后6个月,Vm、VS和Vd均出现显著提高（P＜0.05）。在咀嚼运动状态下,咬合重建修复后3个月,VS 和Vm均出现明显提高;治疗后6个月,Vd也显著提高（P＜0.05）。结论 生物功能性全口义齿修复治疗可以提高无牙颌患者大脑中动脉血流速度,对改善患者脑血流量和脑功能有促进作用。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Clinical and pathological aspects on some odontogenic tumors

Odontogenic tumors constitute a very diverse group of lesions that reflects the complex processes of odontogenesis. Controversies over their classification/subtyping, terminology and diagnosis have been persisted, which has direct bearings on therapeutic and/or prognostic implications.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

Can you be too old for oral implants? An update on ageing and plasticity in the oro‐facial sensorimotor system

This review focuses on the capacity of the brain for plasticity and the utility and efficacy of oral implants in helping to restore oro‐facial sensorimotor functions, especially in elderly patients. The review first outlines the components of the oro‐facial sensorimotor system which encompasses both oro‐facial tissues and a number of brain regions. One such region is the sensorimotor cortex that controls the activity of the numerous oro‐facial skeletal muscles. These muscles are involved in a number of functions including reflexes and the more complex sensorimotor functions of mastication, swallowing and speech. The review outlines the use by the brain of sensory inputs from oro‐facial receptors in order to provide for exquisite sensorimotor control of the activity of the oro‐facial muscles. It highlights the role in this sensorimotor control played by periodontal mechanoreceptors and their sensory inputs to the brain, and how oral implants in concert with the plastic capacity of the brain may, at least in part, compensate for reduced sensorimotor functioning when teeth are lost. It outlines findings of ageing‐related decrements in oro‐facial sensorimotor functions and control. The changes in oro‐facial tissues and the brain that underlie these ageing‐related functional alterations are also considered, along with adaptive and compensatory processes that utilise the brain's capacity for plasticity. The review also notes the evidence t hat rehabilitation that incorporates adjunctive approaches such as sensorimotor training paradigms in addition to oral prostheses such as implants may enhance these processes and help maintain or facilitate recovery of sensorimotor functioning in the elderly.     

Tumor microenvironment in oral cancer: novel approaches for immunotherapy

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), which arises from the squamous mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, is a major health problem in the US and other parts of the world, especially in developing countries.