Fenton试剂处理选矿废水的试验研究

研究用Fenton试剂处理含苯胺黑药(二苯胺基二硫代磷酸)模拟废水和实际选矿废水,分别考查了反应初始pH值、Fe2+浓度及H2O2用量对COD去除率的影响。结果表明:氧化时间为10 min,反应初始pH值为4,ρ(Fe2+)=1.83 g/L,ρ(H2O2)=5.55 g/L,模拟废水苯胺黑药的质量浓度为300 mg/L时,COD去除率达到83.6%;对于实际废水,当ρ(Fe2+)=50mg/L,pH值=3.5,ρ(H2O2)=1800mg/L时,出水ρ(COD)从1000mg/L降到32 mg/L,COD去除率为96.8%,达到废水排放标准,药剂成本估计为每处理1 m3废水需要费用18元。     

苎麻脱胶废水治理工程设计

洞庭苎麻纺织印染厂年产精干麻 5 0 0 0多t,日排放废水约 110 0m3 ,其中高浓度废水约为 5 5 0m3 ,低浓度废水约为 5 2 0m3 ,COD分别为 10 0 0 0mg/L和 35 0 0mg/L ,分别采用酸化 /消化 接触氧化和悬浮附着水解酸化 好氧工艺处理。最后同拷麻水混合通过氧化塘 ,出水COD≤ 2 5 0mg/L ,BOD≤ 6 0mg/L ,硫化物≤ 1mg/L ,pH =6～ 9,色度明显由深变浅 ,达到了行业排放标准。     

一体式膜-生物反应器处理毛染废水的中试研究

采用规模为 10m3 /d左右的一体式膜 生物反应器对某毛纺厂毛染废水的处理进行了中试研究 ,整个系统在现场实际条件下连续运行了 16 0d。试验结果表明 :用此装置处理毛染废水 ,出水水质稳定良好。与厌氧酸化预处理的联合使用可以进一步提高系统对COD和色度的去除效果。系统出水COD <2 0mg/L ,无SS ,色度 <4度 ,水质明显优于该毛纺厂现有接触氧化处理工艺出水。在一体式膜 生物反应器中 ,活性污泥对污染物的去除起主要作用 ,而膜分离对维持稳定的系统出水起到了重要作用。运行期间 ,采用空曝气和在线药洗等措施有助于缓解膜污染程度     

黄姜废水处理实践与分析

基于黄姜废水处理工程运行实际,着重分析了pH值、温度、COD及容积负荷等因素对UASB反应器启动的影响。该工程利用预处理＋厌氧＋好氧＋混凝、脱色组合工艺处理黄姜废水,在进水COD和色度分别达12000mg/L和600倍的情况下,出水COD和色度分别为110mg/L和50倍,COD去除率达99%。废水经处理后出水水质符合《皂素工业水污染排放标准》（GB20425-2006）。     

预处理-EGSB-好氧-臭氧-BAF工艺处理顺酐废水

利用预处理-两级EGSB-接触氧化-臭氧-BAF组合工艺处理以正丁烷为原料生产顺酐的综合废水。处理规模为350 m~3/d,原水水质电导率为19~23 mS/cm,石油类为600~900mg/L,COD为20~35g/L。经处理过后,废水COD平均去除率达到98%,出水中COD稳定低于500mg/L,其他指标均达到《废水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)三级排放标准。     

UASB与ABR工艺处理印染废水中试实验研究

对上流式厌氧反应器(UASB)和折流式厌氧反应器(ABR)处理难降解印染废水进行中试研究。结果表明:在厌氧反应器最佳水力停留时间为24 h条件下,UASB和ABR稳定运行2个多月,在进水COD质量浓度波动较大的情况下(ρmax=1 020.0 mg/L,ρmin=593.6 mg/L,ρ均=755.4 mg/L),UASB和ABR出水平均COD质量浓度分别为409.3 mg/L和420.9 mg/L,平均去除率分别为45.5%和43.9%。两种厌氧反应器对色度去除效果较佳,进水平均色度342倍,出水平均色度分别78倍和80倍,平均去除率分别为77.2%和76.6%。印染废水B/C由0.29分别提高到0.46和0.43,废水可生化性明显改善,UASB较ABR效果好。     

水解/MBR工艺处理低浓度煤化工废水的研究

应用水解/MBR工艺对低浓度煤化工废水的处理进行了研究,实验结果表明,在合适的条件下膜出水水质:COD为70.23～96.65 mg/L,浊度为0.10～0.32NTU,色度为23～38度,氨氮为1.3～4.8 mg/L,满足国家二级排放标准.通过扫描电镜清晰的观察到:膜外表面的污泥层及宽度不等的裂缝和泥孔,膜内表面没有受到污染.推测膜外表面呈凝胶状的污染物质是胞外聚合物.     

混凝-臭氧联用技术深度处理煤气化废水的研究

利用混凝沉淀联用臭氧氧化技术对煤气化废水进行了深度处理。结果表明混凝阶段最佳条件为:p H 6.50、聚硫酸铁用量300 mg/L、有机高分子絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺用量1~3 mg/L。混凝处理后,废水的COD、色度和UV254去除率分别为65.5%~68.3%、95.0%和66.2%~67.9%。混凝沉淀上清液经臭氧氧化处理50 min后,COD可降至35.3 mg/L,色度降至4倍,UV254降至0.183。经过混凝-臭氧联用技术深度处理后,COD、色度和UV254的综合去除率分别为94.6%、99.0%和97.4%,出水p H经调节后主要指标均达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)一级排放标准。     

物化-生化法处理汽车生产废水

针对汽车生产废水的特点,对含磷废水和高浓度有机废水分别采用石灰法和混凝沉淀-气浮法进行分质预处理.预处理出水与其它废水混合后形成的综合废水的设计处理能力为50 m3/h,COD 300～600 mg/L,PO3-(以P计)3～5 mg/L,经混凝沉淀-生化-过滤工艺处理后,COD≤100mg/L,PO43-(以P计)≤0.5 mg/L,可达标排放.     

分置式膜-生物反应器处理染料废水的试验研究

对分置式膜—生物反应器处理染料废水进行了研究,进水COD为 350～400mg/L,出水为30～70mg/L,COD去除率约85％,膜的截留去除COD约占10％。TOC去除率为85％～90％,色度去除率约为70%,膜生物反应器中的活性污泥的粒径范围为1～100μm,平均粒径40μm,酶的含量为7.95mgTTC/gVSS。     

光催化氧化降解活性艳红X-3B模拟染料废水试验

研究Fenton氧化技术处理偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B模拟废水的反应条件及处理效果,主要考察了Fe2+和H2O2的用量、温度以及废水的pH值等条件对色度和化学耗氧量(COD)去除率的影响。实验结果显示,Fenton氧化反应对废水色度和COD都有较好的去除效果,去除率分别为99.78%和94.34%。考察了不同光照条件Fenton试剂对废水的处理效果,结果表明光照能够加快Fenton反应速度、提高COD去除率。     

林可霉素高浓度有机废水处理技术

采用厌氧颗粒和好氧活性污泥分别对内循环厌氧反应器(IC)和间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)进行污泥接种培养,研究水解酸化-IC-SBR工艺在林可霉素生产废水处理方面的运行效果。结果表明:在进水COD的质量浓度为6 000~9 000 mg/L,IC和SBR反应器中有机负荷分别为0.82 kg/(kg.d)和0.26 kg/(kg.d)左右的情况下,IC和SBR反应器分别运行60 d和7 d,COD平均去除率分别达到91%和61%,出水COD的质量浓度在300 mg/L以下,达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》二级标准。     

Treatment of dairy wastewater by two-stage membrane operation with ultrafiltration and nanofiltration

Treatment of dairy wastewater by a two-stage membrane process with ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) was investigated. The results showed that the flux of UF was higher at pH = 4.6 than that at pH = 8 because the resistance of the fouling membrane was lower at the isoelectric point of protein (pH = 4.6) in UF operation. Protein rejection exceeded 99% by UF + NF operation. Lactose rejections were 98.5 and 54% for UF + NF90 and UF + NF270 respectively. Experiments on membrane cleaning showed that the fouling layer of UF and NF was mainly protein and casein which could be removed by aqueous NaOH with pH = 10. The result of long-term experiments showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of NF90 permeates was below 70 mg/L consistently and the wastewater could be concentrated to 24% by a two-stage membrane process.     

Treatment of slaughterhouse plant wastewater by using a membrane bioreactor

The use of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for removal of organic substances and nutrients from slaughterhouse plant wastewater was investigated. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations of slaughterhouse wastewater were found to be approximately 571 mg O2/L, 102.5 mg/L, and 16.25 mg PO4-P/L, respectively. A submerged type membrane was used in the bioreactor. The removal efficiencies for COD, total organic carbon (TOC), TP and TN were found to be 97, 96, 65, 44% respectively. The COD value of wastewater was decreased to 16 mg/L (COD discharge standard for slaughterhouse plant wastewaters is 160 mg/L). TOC was decreased to 9 mg/L (TOC discharge standard for slaughterhouse plant wastewaters is 20 mg/L). Ammonium, and nitrate nitrogen concentrations of treated effluent were 0.100 mg NH4-N/L, and 80.521 mg NO3-N/L, respectively. Slaughterhouse wastewater was successfully treated with the MBR process.     

Reuse of carwash wastewater with hollow fiber membrane aided by enhanced coagulation and activated carbon treatments.

The particles from carwash wastewater were separated by a hollow fiber membrane aided by a enhanced coagulation and activated carbon. This study demonstrated that the addition of KMnO(4) to coagulant (PAC) could enhance the efficiency of coagulation, which helped reduce clogging of the ultrafiltration membrane and activated carbon. The existence of LAS can loosen the gel layer on the membrane and improve the flux. Adsorption of particles such as organic matter and oil is the main reason causing membrane flux decrease. When carwash wastewater was pretreated, the permeation flux of membrane showed a higher value. LAS, odour and colour are removed by GAC adsorption treatment at last. The COD, BOD, LAS and oil of reuse water was 33.4 mg/L, 4.8 mg/L, 0.06 mg/L and 0.95 mg/L, respectively.     

低温活性炭对养殖废水吸附特性

针对我国北方寒冷地区农村分散源养殖废水污染,以粒状活性炭为吸附剂,研究了低温（10℃）和常温（25℃）两种工况下静态吸附对养殖废水COD的去除效果和吸附特性。结果表明,低温下活性炭对废水COD的吸附饱和量为14.472mg/L,常温下饱和吸附量为7.564mg/L;二级吸附动力学方程可较好地描述该吸附过程;Langmuir等温吸附方程比Freundlich等温吸附方程能更好地拟合实验结果。本研究可为北方寒冷地区农村分散源养殖废水的处理提供数据参考和理论指导。     

Application of a combined process of moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and chemical coagulation for dyeing wastewater treatment.

A combined process consisted of a Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) and chemical coagulation was investigated for textile wastewater treatment. The pilot scale MBBR system is composed of three MBBRs (anaerobic, aerobic-1 and aerobic-2 in series), each reactor was filled with 20% (v/v) of polyurethane-activated carbon (PU-AC) carrier for biological treatment followed by chemical coagulation with FeCl2. ln the MBBR process, 85% of COD and 70% of color (influent COD = 807.5 mg/L and color = 3,400 PtCo unit) were removed using relatively low MLSS concentration and short hydraulic retention time (HRT = 44 hr). The biologically treated dyeing wastewater was subjected to chemical coagulation. After coagulation with FeCl2, 95% of COD and 97% of color were removed overall. The combined process of MBBR and chemical coagulation has promising potential for dyeing wastewater treatment.     

投加氢氧化铁对膜生物反应器性能的改善

向浸没式膜生物反应器中投加氢氧化铁絮体,经过驯化和培养,形成生物铁污泥,以提高膜生物反应器的处理效果,减缓膜污染。从对模拟印染废水的处理效果来看,生物铁污泥MBR和普通污泥MBR对COD的去除率分别为93％和91％,对废水染料的去除率分别为92％和85％;同时,通过高差以及污泥照片的测定和观察,可以看出生物铁污泥对于防治膜污染起到了重要的作用。