棉/黏/涤仿天丝产品的开发

为了开发仿天丝面料，经纱采用涤纶单孔丝，纬纱采用棉/黏/混纺纱。经过短流程一浴法染色、酵洗、压皱处理和罐蒸等，得到优化工艺为：压皱温度190℃、罐蒸温度110℃。经测试，织物的耐摩擦色牢度为3～4级、耐水色牢度为3～4级、瞬间凉感值为0.211 W/cm²、芯吸高度为98 mm、蒸发速率为1.35 g/h、透湿量为810 g/(m²·d)、滴水扩散时间为0.9 s，各项指标接近天丝面料。     

活性染料无盐连续轧-蒸与冷轧堆染色效果的比较

针对活性染料冷轧堆染色效率低、深浓色布面黑气重等问题,采用无盐连续轧-蒸染色工艺对纯棉、天丝/棉交织物进行染色。借助稳定性分析仪表征染液的稳定性能,将专用碱应用于SNE型活性染料轧-蒸染色,并与冷轧堆染色效果进行对比。结果表明,碱剂组成和时间均会影响染液的稳定性和扩散性;含混合碱的染液放置10 min时,其稳定性指数为0.72,是含专用碱剂和色丽牢染液的2.6倍和2.1倍;专用碱剂和色丽牢能够提高染液的扩散性能;经无盐连续轧-蒸染色的军蓝色、咖啡色纯棉织物表观色深Integ值较冷轧堆染色织物分别提高2.9和2.7,染色织物的色牢度大于等于3级,符合生产要求;该染色工艺同样适用于天丝/棉交织物,其生产效率高、表观得色深。     

茶皂素在棉及天丝/棉交织物前处理中的应用

采用卜公茶皂素对棉、天丝/棉交织物进行前处理,通过水平与对比试验,分析不同工艺参数对半制品质量的影响,得出茶皂素用于棉、天丝/棉交织物前处理的优化工艺及应用建议.卜公茶皂素用于棉及其混纺、交织物轧蒸法前处理时,工作液中无需其他助剂,操作简便,织物损伤小,废水碱度低.     

天丝LF/棉混纺织物染整工艺

介绍了天丝LF/棉混纺织物生产工艺,包括低碱冷轧堆、短蒸、冷轧堆染色和后整理。前处理采用酶退浆后烧毛,低碱冷轧堆和短蒸工艺,冷轧堆烧碱用量10~12 g/L,短蒸温度100~102℃,气蒸时间2 min;采用冷轧堆染色,织物颜色饱满,耐多次水洗色牢度优秀;后整理选用亲水性柔软剂和聚氨酯整理剂进行整理,赋予织物优良手感的同时提高织物的抗起毛起球性能。     

天丝A100双弹织物连续印染加工

介绍天丝A100纤维的特点及天丝双弹织物的连续印染加工工艺,前处理采用温堆、高温水洗、烧毛、复洗工艺,印花采用磁棒圆网印花机;分析了各工艺的加工特点和工艺条件。经该工艺生产的天丝产品表面光洁,手感柔软,富有光泽和弹力,悬垂性佳。     

绢丝／天丝／羊髫腈纶混纺纱的染整工艺

绢丝／天丝／羊毛／腈纶混纺纱综合了各种纱线的优点，织成的面料高档、舒适，但面料染色有一定的困难，一般采取纱线染色。介绍了天丝／羊毛／腈纶混纺纱染整加工的工艺流程、工艺内容、工艺参数，以及加工过程中的注意事项。采用两浴法进行染色，一浴染绢丝、羊毛和腈纶，第二浴染天丝。     

天丝细号多纤高支薄型仿毛色织物的生产

采用天丝纤维、涤纶与长绒棉3种纤维混纺纱开发了天丝细号多纤高支薄型仿毛色织物，不但改善了织物的内在及外观质量，而且可使其优势互补，提高了产品的技术含量。对织物生产，讨论了各工序的工艺参数及工艺措施。     

天丝与亚麻混纺织物的开发实践

讨论了利用棉型设备开发天丝／亚麻混纺织物的工艺。纺部工序主要克服天丝与亚麻纤维抱合力低，特别是亚麻纤维粗、硬、滑、超长纤维和短纤维率高给纺纱工艺带来的困难；织造工序重点解决成纱毛羽对开口清晰和经纱弹性差对断头的影响；后整理涉及影响外观质量的折痕与霜印问题，并要突出桃皮绒和独特的亚麻麻节外观效应。     

专利信息

专利名称：天丝／毛、天丝／棉等混纺织物的染色方法，专利申请号：02160747．8公开号：CN1512004，申请日：2002．12．27公开日：2004．07．14，申请人：上海新型纺纱技术开发中心；柴广全，本发明公开了1种用涂料染色的方法来染天丝／毛、天丝／棉等混纺织物．以天丝混纺织物为原料，采用多胺多醇的多官能团化合物进行前处理，以专用染色粘合剂优化工艺配方，获得目标产物．该法简化了工艺，节约了能源，解决了色花、色差问题，染色产品手感柔软，甲醛量低，色牢度达到国家标准，质量稳定，适于工业化生产。     

玉米／天丝色纺产品的开发

玉米纤维与天丝纤维都是绿色纤维，可广泛应用于各种高档服装面料。本文分析了玉米纤维与天丝两种纤维的特性和色纺产品的工艺要点，提出了玉米／天丝色纺产品的工艺流程，介绍了玉米／天丝色纺产品的生产工艺。     

Surfactin凝胶配方设计及其抑菌性能分析

为拓宽表面活性素Surfactin的应用范围,拟制备以卡波姆974p作为抑菌凝胶基质、Surfactin作为抑菌成分、三乙醇胺为中和剂的Surfactin抑菌凝胶。通过研究各成分对该抑菌凝胶的抑菌作用、pH值和黏度的影响,设计Box-Behnken响应面试验得到最佳配方,优化结果为Surfactin用量0.60%、卡波姆974p用量0.35%、三乙醇胺用量0.30%,此条件下得到的抑菌凝胶感官清亮,Surfactin性质更加稳定,有较强的瞬时杀菌活性,与溶液相比,对成熟的金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的清除效果有显著提升,处理后的生物膜出现裂纹,颜色变浅透亮,分布稀疏,更容易被清除。     

印染设备的安装方法

介绍了设备安装基础的构成和确定，以及设备安装中“三线一平”（中心线、平行线、铅垂线和水平面）基本原理的活用；针对安装过程中出现的一些问题，提出了具体的改进措施，如安装热水喷淋管去碱，利用蒸汽负压吸水装置收集疏水器冷凝水，丝光机采用2只高位碱箱集中加热淋碱，缩短红外线穿布距离和改变显色皂洗蒸箱张力等。     

亚麻织物接枝/染色一浴法研究

对纯亚麻布的接枝／染色一浴法进行了研究。试验采用高锰酸钾和柠檬酸作为氧化－还原体系，用丙烯酰胺作为接枝试剂，与活染料采用一浴法对亚麻布进行处理。研究了各种试剂浓度、时间、温度和ＰＨ值对亚麻接枝率的影响，同时还对接枝／染色一浴法的上染率、固色率、固色率，摩擦牢度与单一染色作了比较。最后，对经过一浴法接枝／染色布样的防皱性能也作了研究，并与白样加以对比。     

一种快速实用的环氧值测定方法

叙述了在盐酸异丙醇介质中,以甲基红为指示剂、氢氧化钠返滴定法测试环氧值。讨论了温度、反应时间、不同测试方法对测试结果的影响,与常用的其它环氧值测试方法相比该方法具有简单、安全、准确的优点。     

Efficient electropulse transformation of intact Candida maltosa cells by different homologous vector plasmids.

Conditions for efficient and quick transformation by electroporation were developed in Candida maltosa. To investigate the efficiency of transformation with integrative as well as with autonomously replicating plasmids, a series of vectors was constructed for homologous transformation of this species. Transformants were obtained with different plasmids as covalently closed circular molecules and as linearized DNA. The influence of recipient strain and plasmid type as well as of cell number and parameters of the supplied electrical pulse on the transformation efficiency have been investigated. A maximum of 7000 transformants per 100 ng of plasmid DNA was reached. The efficiency of transformation was compared with that of the LiCl method.     

基于稳健设计理论的平面机构优化设计

运用稳健设计理论,以连杆机构的几何参数为设计变量,以满足曲柄摇杆机构及传动角条件为约束。以再现轨迹精度最佳为目标函数。同时考虑连杆件制造精度对轨迹精度的影响。采用蒙特卡罗法采样和多目标遗传算法对机构进行稳健优化设计。计算结果表明：该方法更符合实际情况,且当设计变量发生变异时,能有效保证机构的运动轨迹精度。     

Development of water-, oil-repellent and flame-retardant cotton fabrics by organic-inorganic hybrid materials

In this study, water-repellent, oil-repellent and flame-retardant cotton fabrics were developed by solgel technique. With this aim, nanosols were prepared using tetraethylorthosilicate and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane as precursors, guanidine dihydrogen phosphate as flame-retardant agent and Guard AFB as conventional water–oil-repellent agent, solvents and chelating agents. Then, to AC105, VA7110, PU1110 and FC9005 as polymeric additives, with/without FX8000 or urea and formaldehyde as cross-linking agents, were added some nanosols to improve washing fastness of the fabric samples. Cotton fabrics were treated with nanosols without polymeric additives by pad–dry–cure process, while they were coated with nanosols containing polymeric additives by knife-over-roll coating. Water–oil-repellent properties, flame-retardant properties, washing fastness, contact angle, whiteness, tear strength and add-on values of the coated fabric samples were determined. It was found that the cotton fabrics with good water–oil-repellence and flame-retardant properties with relatively durable properties could be produced using nanosols containing guanidine dihydrogen phosphate and urea, together with tetraethylorthosilicate and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane as precursors, and lower concentrations of Guard AFB as commercial water–oil-repellent agent. However, the fabric samples were still not sufficiently durable when washed. It was deduced that the durability of cotton fabric during washing is developed by means of treatment with nanosols containing polyvinyl acetate-based polymer.     

棉家纺织物的壳聚糖抗菌整理

阐述了使壳聚糖产生抗菌性的三种工艺及将脱乙酰甲壳素季铵盐化的三种方法和抑菌机理，将季铵盐化的壳聚糖和BTCA混合整理在棉织物上，测试了壳聚糖整理对织物白度、撕破强力、抗菌性、尺寸稳定性和色牢度的影响。结果表明，壳聚糖整理后织物的抑菌率达90％，且耐水洗，尺寸稳定性良好。     

How do you perceive this wine? Comparing naturalness perceptions of Swiss and Australian consumers

Consumers around the globe are showing an increasing demand for food products that are perceived as being natural. The present study aimed to assess what properties of wine have an influence on the perceived naturalness of wine, with a focus on winemaking techniques. An online survey was conducted in the German-speaking part of Switzerland (n = 252) and in Australia (n = 234). Wine naturalness was significantly more important to Swiss respondents compared to Australian respondents as well as to respondents with a high level of involvement with wine compared to respondents with a low level of involvement. Wine from an “Old World” wine-producing country, wine that was aged in barriques, or wine sealed with an oak cork were perceived as the most natural. The addition of sugar, sulfites, or the use of gelatin were regarded as the most unnatural properties of wine. In terms of production, additives were perceived as significantly less natural than processing aids and technologies that are used in winemaking. Significant differences in the naturalness perception of different wine attributes were found between the two countries, Switzerland and Australia, as well as between respondents with a high level of involvement with wine and those with a low level. The findings of this study add to the research on naturalness perception and may help winemakers and marketers to optimize communication with their consumers.     

论烟草供应链物流建设

阐述了供应链管理的兴起与优势,根据行业发展需求,重新审视了烟草物流的重要性和建设烟草供应链物流的必然性。按照供应链管理要求,客观分析了烟草物流亟待解决的问题,提出战略定位是供应链物流建设的前提,客户服务是供应链物流的核心,精益管理是供应链物流的重点,先进技术是供应链物流的支撑,物联网建设是供应链物流的突破,专业运作是供应链物流的方向的烟草供应链物流建设路径。