基于Google Earth的机场OAS面障碍物评价

本文提出了一种基于Google Earth二次开发实现机场精密进近OAS面建模和障碍物评价的新方法.使用KML语言描述机场的精密进近OAS面和障碍物,通过Google Earth提供的可扩展接口将控制Google Earth地图显示窗口嵌入到系统主窗口,结合评价算法对精密进近OAS面内障碍物自动评价.     

机场净空限制面内障碍物点三维测量

绘制机场净空限制面及障碍物位置图,是了解掌握净空限制面和障碍物关系的专用图。文中阐述了应用三维导线测量作为基本控制,以三维前方交会测量障碍物点的平面和高程的方法,为绘制机场净空限制面和障碍物关系专用图提供可靠依据。     

基于GIS的机场多跑道三维净空管理系统的研究与开发

在研究和建立了多跑道障碍物限制面三维模型的基础上,基于G IS,开发了机场三维净空管理系统。该系统可按照相应标准自动生成单跑道特别是多跑道障碍物限制面、辅助进行净空管理,可极大地减少机场选址与规划中的超障物评定的工作量,显著提高净空管理效率,具有广阔的应用前景。     

GIS支持下的机场三维净空管理系统的研究与开发

通过研究《民用机场飞行区技术标准》(MH,50001-2013)对进近面、过渡面、内水平面、锥形面、内进近面、内过渡面、复飞面和起飞爬升面组成的障碍物限制面定义的基础上,基于GIS技术,开发了机场三维净空管理系统.该系统可以按照相应的标准自动生成单跑道或双跑道障碍物限制面,辅助进行净空管理,极大地减少机场选址或者机场净空管理中障碍物评定的工作量,具有可视化、数字化、智能化的优点,在民航领域高速发展的今天具有广阔的应用前景.     

基于WorldWind的三维地理信息系统

对NASA World Wind进行了简要介绍,从数据组织、渲染策略、数据缓存等方面进行了架构分析,并深入研究了4D产品、地名地址、地物模型等专题信息在三维地理信息系统中的应用方式。研究表明,基于World Wind构建三维地理信息系统,兼顾速度与效果需求,具有广阔的前景。     

机场净空限制面内障碍物点三维测量

绘制机场净空限制面及障碍物位置图,是了解掌握净空限制面和障碍物关系的专用图,文中阐述了应用三维导线测量作为基本控制,以三维前方交会测量障碍点的平面和高程的方法,为绘制机场净空限制面和障碍物关系专用图提供了可靠依据。     

机场净空限制面数学模型构建及三维可视化实现

机场净空管理是机场运行指标的重要组成部分.本文通过对机场净空规格进行分析,建立了机场净空区障碍物限制面的数学模型.在此数学模型的基础上使用ArcGIS系列软件建立净空限制面三角网高程模型,并进行三维显示,为使用地理信息系统进行净空管理莫定了基础.     

机场净空GIS快速评定方法研究

本文通过对机场净空规格进行分析,建立了机场净空区障碍物限制面的数学模型。在此数学模型的基础上使用ArcGIS、AutoCAD软件建立净空限制面三角网高程模型,并进行三维显示以及净空评定,为使用地理信息系统进行净空管理创造条件。     

NASA World Wind海量离散地形显示技术研究

虚拟数字地球需要解决大范围海量地形快速显示问题。本文在对World Wind海量地形显示机理和地形数据LOD分层组织深入研究基础上,提出了基于ArcMap的离散地形分层切割流程,开发了与World Wind三维地形显示数据模型匹配的分层切割软件,对海量离散地形按不同分块大小和层次切割后的显示效率和效果进行了分析,结果表明World Wind能实现不同尺度地形数据的快速三维可视化。     

基于飞行安全的北京大兴国际机场障碍物普查实践

飞行安全是机场通航的必备条件,可靠的飞行程序是飞行安全的重要保障,飞行程序设计所需的基础资料中,地面障碍物数据是极其重要的基础数据。本文根据飞行程序设计对于障碍物基础数据的具体要求,结合北京大兴国际机场障碍物普查工作的开展实施,从障碍物的认定到障碍物的测量梳理出了一套具体的作业方法,经过实际验证,通过该作业方法采集提供的障碍物数据完全满足要求,为同类型的大型普查项目开展实施提供了强有力的参考借鉴。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。