基于Pro/E的动态选粉机模块化设计

简要介绍了模块化的设计方法,提出了选粉机的结构模块的划分原则,借助Pro/E在参数化方面的优势,运用Top-Down的设计方法,对各种模块进行独立设计,通过不同功能的模块组合,形成不同用途的选粉机。实践表明,该方法能够大大节省设计人员的工作量,提高工作效率。     

基于公理化设计理论的产品配置建模方法及其在大型化工装备中的应用

结合产品配置模型信息形成的特点,提出了基于公理化设计理论的化工装备产品配置建模方法。该方法详细讨论了产品设计过程中功能-结构域间映射,将具有约束信息的功能要求定义为功能-约束集成单元,将具有特征信息的设计参数定义为结构-特征集成单元,通过建立系统数据库和结构-特征集成单元间的特征关系,构建了基于结构-特征集成单元的化工装备产品配置模型。公理化设计理论的引入,使得产品配置建模更加科学化,并使设计者能在众多复杂的方案中快速做出正确的选择。最后以空分装备产品为例,建立了产品的配置模型。     

抽象网格工作流中数据集划分方法的研究

通过分析AGWL中已有的数据集划分方法,发现在涉及到数据子集相关性时,现有的研究方法仅是通过一种定性的复制数据块间部分子数据集的方法进行处理的,并没有基于数据子集相关性给出合适的划分方法.针对这一状况,提出了一种使用矩阵对数据集进行划分的方法.首先用矩阵的下标表示子数据集,矩阵值表征相对应的子数据集的相关性,然后通过对矩阵值与一个设定的阈值的比较,对矩阵进行归并处理,最终实现了一种基于数据子集相关性和灵活性的数据集划分方法.     

基于分组遗传算法的钻机模块划分方法研究

海上固定平台模块钻机模块划分方案是钻机设计的关键技术之一,模块划分情况直接影响到整个钻机的设计和制造。将定性与定量分析相结合,通过建立模块划分数学模型,运用分组遗传算法对目标函数求解,以7000m海洋钻机为例,得出模块划分方案,并分析了其模块划分方案的合理性。     

薄煤层嵌入式电磁调速采煤机电控系统的设计

针对现在基于PLC的电磁调速电牵引采煤机控制系统存在的体积较大、功能简单、扩展性差、安装走线繁琐、抗震动性能弱等问题,设计了一种新型的嵌入式电磁调速电牵引采煤机电控系统。此设计将控制系统划分为5个模块,以CAN总线进行连接,以嵌入式STM32F103RCT6作为控制系统的中央处理器,同时部分模块使用了性能优异的单片机控制器。该控制模块结构灵活,扩展性、抗电磁干扰、抗机械振动能力强。通过测试,证明此设计效果良好,具有可行的应用价值。     

薄煤层嵌入式电磁调速采煤机电控系统的设计

针对现在基于PLC的电磁调速电牵引采煤机控制系统存在的体积较大、功能简单、扩展性差、安装走线繁琐、抗震动性能弱等问题,设计了一种新型的嵌入式电磁调速电牵引采煤机电控系统。此设计将控制系统划分为5个模块,以CAN总线进行连接,以嵌入式sTM32F103RcT6作为控制系统的中央处理器,同时部分模块使用了性能优异的单片机控制器。该控制模块结构灵活,扩展性、抗电磁干扰、抗机械振动能力强。通过测试,证明此设计效果良好,具有可行的应用价值。     

随钻地层测试仪的模块化设计应用

基于模块化的设计理念,针对随钻地层测试仪的设计需求,结核仪器现场使用的特点,阐述了随钻地层测试仪模块化设计的基本思路、模块划分的原则,并提出了随钻地层测试仪的模块划分方案。模块化设计的应用保证了仪器设计和使用中的灵活性。创新的嵌入式模块结构大大提高仪器的现场可维护性。     

FPSO上部模块运输梁结构优化设计

我国海洋油气开发趋向于深水化,FPSO(浮式生产储油船)的开发方案可以有效地降低油气长距离输送带来的成本及风险。FPSO上部模块的建造采用陆地建造,使用SPMT(自行式模块化运输车)运输至码头前沿进行浮吊吊装集成是一种高效的建造方式。运输梁作为SPMT与上部模块之间的分载工装,可以将模块支腿力均匀传递到SPMT运输车车板上。本文以流花16-2 FPSO项目上部模块运输梁的设计为例,采用Workbench有限元软件的结构优化功能对运输梁进行结构分析并进行优化设计,以达到在满足模块运输强度要求的前提下,减少工装钢材用量的目的,可为后续此类工装的设计提供参考。     

FPSO上部模块运输梁结构优化设计

我国海洋油气开发趋向于深水化,FPSO(浮式生产储油船)的开发方案可以有效地降低油气长距离输送带来的成本及风险。FPSO上部模块的建造采用陆地建造,使用SPMT(自行式模块化运输车)运输至码头前沿进行浮吊吊装集成是一种高效的建造方式。运输梁作为SPMT与上部模块之间的分载工装,可以将模块支腿力均匀传递到SPMT运输车车板上。本文以流花16-2 FPSO项目上部模块运输梁的设计为例,采用Workbench有限元软件的结构优化功能对运输梁进行结构分析并进行优化设计,以达到在满足模块运输强度要求的前提下,减少工装钢材用量的目的,可为后续此类工装的设计提供参考。     

基于水源-水阱匹配关系约束的用水网络优化方法

以水源-水阱匹配关系为约束条件,建立了单杂质用水网络的混合整数线性规划模型。提出了通过逐步调整水源与水阱匹配关系矩阵,把混合整数线性规划问题转化成多步的线性规划问题的求解策略。本文提出的优化方法,在最小新鲜水用量相同的条件下,能设计出水源与水阱匹配关系数少,流程结构简单、投资成本少的水网络。应用两个实例说明了本文方法的有效性。     

基于隐变量空间载荷余弦相似度的间歇过程递推优化

针对间歇过程基于主元相似度优化方法中存在的变量相关性信息损失问题,提出一种单位化隐变量空间下利用载荷余弦相似度进行递推优化的新策略。首先将各时段变量与指标变量构成的扩展矩阵进行主元分解,通过信息的重新分配使得由主元构成的隐变量空间是单位正交的,从而得到包含更多变量相关信息的非单位化载荷矩阵,进一步计算隐变量空间下各时段变量与指标变量之间载荷余弦相似度和批次间指标增量,并对操作曲线进行递推修正。这种非单位化载荷矩阵的主元分解形式,不仅降低了隐变量空间下变量相关性信息损失,也使得更新操作曲线的递推算法更为简化。最后,通过间歇过程某一化工产品结晶纯度的优化研究,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Statistical validation of the root-mean-square-distance, a measure of protein structural proximity

Despite its well-documented limitations, the root-mean-square-distance (rmsd) between pairs of equivalent atoms is routinely used to monitor the degree of similarity between two optimally superposed protein three-dimensional structures. A robust method for assessing the statistical significance of the difference between two rmsd values is presented here. It is based on the comparison of two protein structures through the correlation coefficient between equivalent inter-atomic distances and the subsequent application of the Fisher transformation that allows one to estimate the probability of identity between two correlation coefficient values. The relationship between the rmsd and Fisher correlation coefficient allows then to estimate the statistical significance of the difference between two rmsd values. Such a procedure is exemplified with the analysis of the possible classifications of the immunoglobulin-like domains of filamin and is compared to related estimations of structural similarity. The possibility to estimate the probability of the difference between two rmsd values can be used to optimize the protein structural classifications and comparisons, independent of the procedure used to derive the rmsds.     

基于LabVIEW的相机标定技术研究

使用LabVIEW平台和视觉开发模块完成对相机的标定,选用圆点阵标定板,利用Canny算子提取圆形轮廓,然后基于亚像素边缘提取的圆拟合方法提取特征点在图像坐标系下点中心坐标。该方法降低了摄像机标定的难度,极大地缩短了软件开发周期,具有较高的标定精度,能够满足实际工业检测的精度要求。     

MolCom: a method to compare protein molecules based on 3-D structural and chemical similarity

This paper describes an improved method for conducting globalfeature comparisons of protein molecules in three dimensionsand for producing a new form of multiple structure alignment.Our automated MolCom method incorporates an octtree strategyto partition and examine molecular properties in three-dimensionalspace at multiple levels of analysis. The MolCom method’smultiple alignment is in the form of an octtree which locatesregions in three-dimensional space where correspondence betweenmolecules is identified based on a dynamic set of molecularfeatures. MolCom offers a practical solution to the inherentcompromise between computational complexity and analytical detail.MolCom is currently the only method that can analyze and comparea series of defined physicochemical properties using multiple,simultaneous levels of resolution. It is also the only methodthat provides a consensus structure outlining precisely wherethe similarity exists in three-dimensional space. Using a modest-sizedcollection of structural properties, separate experiments wereconducted to calibrate MolCom and to verify that the spatialanalyses and resulting structure alignments accurately identifiedboth similar and dissimilar structures. The accuracy of MolComwas found to be over 99% and the similarity scores correlatedstrongly with the z-scores of the Alignment by Incremental CombinatorialExtension of the Optimal Path method.     

基于联合典型变量矩阵的多阶段发酵过程质量相关故障监测

为考虑发酵过程的质量变量和动态特征对于阶段划分的影响,提出了一种基于联合典型变量矩阵的多阶段发酵过程质量相关故障监测方法。首先,将历史三维数据沿批次方向展开,对每个时间片矩阵进行典型相关分析（canonical correlation analysis, CCA）,得到融合过程变量和质量变量信息的联合典型变量矩阵,对其进行K均值聚类,实现基于静态特征的第1步划分;然后采用慢特征分析（slow feature analysis, SFA）算法提取表征过程动态性的慢特征,对其进行聚类实现第2步划分。最后综合分析两步划分结果,将生产过程划分为不同的稳定阶段和过渡阶段,并在划分的子阶段中分别建立CCA监测模型进行质量相关故障监测。该方法通过静态和动态特征的变化实现两步划分,准确区分强动态变化与阶段切换,有效提高质量相关的故障监测模型精度。青霉素仿真平台与大肠杆菌实际生产数据验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。     

复合PLS模型在近红外光谱分析煤炭中的应用

为了更好地确定偏最小二乘法模型的主成分数,提出一种传统偏最小二乘法和多主成分数偏最小二乘法相结合构建复合偏最小二乘模型的方法。给出了预测时两种样品相似度的计算方式:直接距离法和性质得分距离法。分别采用复合偏最小二乘法和传统偏最小二乘法对煤炭的全硫、灰分、热值和碳含量进行建模预测,比较传统偏最小二乘法和多主成分数偏最小二乘法建模过程中的相关系数和交互验证均方根误差,采用复合偏最小二乘模型对验证集样品预测时,计算了不同相似度计算方式下不同样品间距离算法的预测均方根误差,并同传统偏最小二乘法预测均方根的误差进行比较,结果表明:复合偏最小二乘法建模比传统偏最小二乘法建模有更强的适应性,能够提高预测的准确性。     

Phase partition and KPI-related process monitoring for batch processes using a novel canonical correlation analysis strategy

Key performance indicators (KPI)-related process monitoring has been of great significance to ensure product quality and economic benefits for batch processes. Considering that different phases exhibit different characteristics, one of the key issues is how to partition the whole batch process into different phases and characterize them separately by multiple phase models. In order to model and monitor batch processes more accurately and efficiently, a novel canonical correlation analysis (CCA) strategy is proposed in this paper. The phase partition algorithm is designed based on the joint canonical variable matrix (JCVM). Different from previous methods, it considers the time sequence of operation phases and can distinguish the phase switches from dynamics anomalies. Using this algorithm, phases are separated in order from a KPI-related perspective, revealing high correlation among variables. After phase partition, a novel multi-phase local neighbourhood standardization CAA (MPLNSCCA) method focusing on KPI is set up for online monitoring, which could further address the misclassification problems. The advantages of the proposed method are illustrated by two case studies, a penicillin simulation platform and an industrial application of Escherichia coli fermentation, respectively.     

Alignment of protein sequences using secondary structure: a modified dynamic programming method

A method for comparison of protein sequences based on theirprimary and secondary structure is described. Protein sequencesare annotated with predicted secondary structures (using a modifiedChou and Fasman method). Two lettered code sequences are generated(Xx, where X is the amino acid and x is its annotated secondarystructure). Sequences are compared with a dynamic programmingmethod (STRALIGN) that includes a similarity matrix for boththe amino acids and secondary structures. The similarity valuefor each paired two-lettered code is a linear combination ofsimilarity values for the paired amino acids and their annotatedsecondary structures. The method has been applied to eight globinproteins (28 pairs) for which the X-ray structure is known.For protein pairs with high primary sequence similarity (>45%),STRALIGN alignment is identical to that obtained by a dynamicprogramming method using only primary sequence information.However, alignment of protein pairs with lower primary sequencesimilarity improves significantly with the addition of secondarystructure annotation. Alignment of the pair with the least primarysequence similarity of 16% was improved from 0 to 37% ‘correct’alignment using this method. In addition, STRALIGN was successfullyapplied to seven pairs of distantly related cytochrome c proteins,and three pairs of distantly related picornavirus proteins.     

次毫米过滤组件分区高含量污泥试验研究

采用次毫米过滤(SMF)组件实现高含量污泥(MLSS)分区(A区和B区),为膜生物反应器(B区)的稳定高效运行提供适宜的污泥质量浓度(5.0～10.0 g.L-1)。研究了回流体积比≥2.0条件下SMF组件(孔径0.47 mm)分离高含量污泥的运行特征及分区效果,对比分析了两区微生物实测与理论含量的差异,并考察了SMF组件耦合A区对营养物的去除效果。结果表明,在分离高含量污泥时,目标B区的污泥的质量浓度为2.0～10.0 g.L-1,对膜生物反应器是适用的;对应A区的污泥的质量浓度在15.5～33.5 g.L-1。SMF组件滤出液MLSS的质量浓度在1.4～4.2g.L-1,平均通量可达192 L.m-.2h-1。此外,SMF组件耦合A区对COD的去除率在82%以上。     

The distribution of solids between stages in baffled fluidized beds

The partition of solids between stages in baffled fluidized beds has been studied. The bed, 9 ft tall and 11 in I. D., was divided into two or three stages by horizontal perforated plate baffles having open areas ranging from 11.5 to 34%. The spacing between baffles was varied from 1.5 to 3.5 ft. Four fluidized solids were studied and the velocity of the fluidizing air was varied between 0.2 and 2.5 ft/sec. A correlation was developed which enabled the solids holdup in each stage to be predicted.