血红蛋白生物催化合成导电聚苯胺

利用血红蛋白在十二烷基磺酸钠阴离子表面活性剂胶束体系中生物催化合成水溶性导电聚苯胺/十二烷基磺酸复合物(PANI/SDS), 讨论了不同反应体系及溶液pH值对聚合反应产物的影响. 结果表明该反应具有明显的pH值依赖性, pH (1.0～4.0)是合成导电聚苯胺所必需的, 其最适pH值为3.0, 聚苯胺由导电的翠绿亚胺盐转变为本征态发生在pH 10.4. 用元素分析法、紫外-可见分光光度法、FT-IR、循环伏安法、粘度测试、电导率测试、热重分析法等对PANI/SDS复合物表征, 结果表明该复合物具有较好的热稳定性和可逆的电化学活性.     

稀土混合物CeO2-La2O3上的SO2催化还原研究

在La2O3中加入变价稀土氧化物CeO2，组成一种稀土氧化物的混合物。通过浸渍方法，分别将CeO2,La2O3以及它们的混合物，负载于γ-Al2O3载体上，并把它们作为CO还原SO2的催化剂。实验研究了这些催化剂的活化过程以及温度和反应物浓度配比对活化过程的影响，用XRD对活化前后催化是行了表征，分析了相结构的变化。结果表明：CeO2和La2O3两种稀土氧化物的混合物，在CO还原SO2的催化反应中，活化温度比单组分的CeO2或La2O3氧化物下降了50～100℃，而且具有更高的活性。产生这种结果的原因，可能是La2O3进入CeO2的晶格中形成的固相复合物CeO2-La2O3，提高了CeO2-La2O3／γ-Al2O3催化剂的储氧能力，为CeO2的redox反应提供了有利条件；同时，redox反应产生的单质硫，促使La2O3能在较低温度下转化为活性相La2O3S，可以说是redox反应和COS中间物反应机理共同作用所致。     

毛细管筛分电泳中电动超荷电结合预填充水塞在线富集十二烷基磺酸钠-蛋白质的复合物

提出了一种应用于毛细管筛分电泳中的电动超荷电结合柱头水塞堆积样品的方法,实现了十二烷基磺酸钠-蛋白质复合物的在线富集。一般情况下,电动超荷电方法是一种将电动进样与瞬时等速电泳联用的富集技术。具体过程是,首先在毛细管中注入背景电解质,再注入适量的前导电解质,然后电动进样一段时间。最后注入后导电解质开始瞬时等速电泳及分离的过程。本文在常规的电动超荷电技术基础上,在电动进样之前先注入一段含有聚合物的水塞以进一步提高富集效果。同时,考察了电动超荷电中不同富集方法叠加联用的效果,包括聚合物的筛分效应、结合水塞和不结合水塞的场放大样品进样效果、瞬时等速电泳等。结果表明,由于十二烷基磺酸钠-蛋白质复合物的质荷比接近,电动进样中的进样歧视得到消除,电动超荷电结合含聚合物水塞堆积样品的方法可以无歧视地在线富集十二烷基磺酸钠-蛋白质复合物,检测灵敏度增强1000倍以上。该方法非常适用于低丰度蛋白质的分析,并可同时提供相对分子质量信息。     

LaCl_3-安替比林-H_2O体系的研究(0℃,20℃)

安替比林(antipyrine,C_(11)H_(12)ON_2)是一个很强的配位剂,各类稀土盐的安替比林配合物的制备、结构及其性质的测定已有许多报道.LnI_3-C_(11)H_(12)ON_2-H_2O(Ln=Ce,Nd,Tb,Dy,Er,Yb,Lu)及La(NO_3)_3-C_(11)H_(12)ON_2-H_2O体系的研究亦有报道,在这些体系中分别得到了LnI_3·6C_(11)H_(12)ON_2复合物和La(NO_3)_3·6C_(11)H_(12)ON_2,La(NO_3)_3·3C_(11)H_(12)ON_2及La(NO_3)3·C_(11)H_(12)ON_2·5H_2O等三种复合物.红外光谱表明在LnI_3·6C_(11)H_(12)ON_2复合物中,所有安替比林     

Mo／La－Co－O催化剂上甲烷选择氧化制甲醇反应

 制备了一系列Mo／La－Co－O催化剂，考察了催化剂对甲烷选择氧化制甲醇反应的催化性能，并用BET，XRD，LRS，H2－TPR和XPS等技术研究了催化剂的结构和性质．结果表明，在n（CH4）∶n（O2）∶n（N2）＝10∶1∶1，SV＝14．4L／（g·h），p＝4．2MPa和θ＝420℃的反应条件下，7％Mo／La－Co－O催化剂表现出较好的催化性能，甲醇选择性为60％，甲醇收率为6．7％．Mo负载于La－Co－O上以后，Mo－O物种以无定形的状态存在于La－Co－O表面，并与La－Co－O发生相互作用．Mo的负载量影响Mo－O物种的结构及催化剂的性质．催化剂的还原性和表面O－／O2－比影响催化剂上甲烷选择氧化制甲醇反应的性能．     

镧掺杂锶铁氧体-聚吡咯复合物的制备及磁性研究

用溶胶-凝胶法和溶液原位合成法分别制备镧掺杂锶铁氧体(Sr1－xLaxFe11.5Ni0.5O19, x＝0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4)粉末及其吡咯相对质量分数为60%和80%的聚吡咯-铁氧体复合物微粒PPY (Polypyrrole)/Sr0.8La0.2Fe11.5Ni0.5O19. 借助X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等分析手段表征了铁氧体粉末和复合物微粒的结构、形貌和磁性能. 结果表明, 包覆的聚吡咯外层对复合物微粒的形貌和磁性有一定的影响. 在外加磁场作用下, 复合物的饱和磁化强度MS随吡咯含量的增加而减小, 当吡咯含量等于0%, 60%和80%时, 对应的MS分别为59.4, 18.7和10.3 emu/g.     

La1-xCexFeO3钙钛石高变催化剂的XPS研究

采用X射线电子能谱(XPS)实验技术，对具有钙钛石结构的稀土铁复合氧化物高变催化剂进行了研究。结果表明：在La1-xCsxFeO3钙钛石结构中，铈的价态为正四，镧的价态为正三，而铁为正二、正三混合价态，三价铁和二价铁的摩尔比与稀土镧铈的摩尔比具有很好的一致性；在钙钛石ABO3结构中，A位镧、铈能有效控制B位铁的价态。铁具有混合价态是La1-xCexFeO3催化剂具有较高变换催化活性的主要原因。La1-xCexFeO3表面上存在α吸附氧和β晶格氧两类氧种，随铈含量的增加，表面吸附氧增加。     

La, Ce在钛镍合金中的作用

以近等原子比钛镍形状记忆合金为研究对象，通过向其分别添加微量第三元素稀土La，Ce，利用示差扫描热分析法、X射线衍射法分析研究了稀土元素La和Ce对Ti-Ni形状记忆合金相变类型、相变温度、物相组成的影响，利用透射电子显微镜观察和分析了马氏体相的形貌1和结构。加入微量稀土元素能提高Ti-Ni合金相变程度，但是合金的物相组成无明显变化，仍为B2母相和畸变单斜马氏体相B19。结果表明，可以通过添加第三元素La，Ce得到一定工作条件下性能优良的Ti-Ni形状记忆合金，提高Ti-Ni合金在实际中的应用价值。     

沉淀法制备苯选择加氢制环己烯双助剂Ru系催化剂研究

用沉淀法制备了苯选择加氢制环己烯双助剂Ru系催化剂．其中Ru为活性组分，Zn和La为助剂，ZrO2为分散剂．研究了Ru／ZrO2比、Zn和La及其含量、ZnSO4及碱金属离子等对催化剂性能的影响．结果表明，Ru／ZrO2=10％、(Zn La)／Ru=8％、La／Zn=1：3，加入ZnSO4且保留碱金属离子，Ru—La—Zn／ZrO2催化剂不但具有较高的活性选择性，而且具有很好的沉降分离性能．运用TPR、XRD、BET比表面测定等技术对催化剂进行了表征，并对双助剂Ru—La—Zn／ZrO2的催化作用给予了解释．     

La1-xSrxCu0.9Fe0.1O2．5-δ阴极材料的合成与电导率研究

采用低温燃烧合成技术制备了La1-xSrxCu0．9Fc0．1O2．5-δ（x=0．1-0．4）粉体。利用X-射线衍射（XRD）和差热分析（DTA）技术对粉体的性能进行了表征。XRD结果表明，经800℃焙烧的La0．9Sr0．1Cu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ粉体的对称性较低，未形成钙钛矿结构，其余La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ（x=0．2-0．4）粉体为四方钙钛矿结构，晶体结构参数之间满足关系式a=b≈2√2c。DTA结果证明La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ在800℃以下是热力学稳定的，不会发生分解反应。采用直流四电极法测试了La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ试样在100-800℃之间的电导率。试样的电导率^ln（σT）与1／T之间呈很好的线性关系，说明La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ在测试温度范围内服从小极化子导电机制。Sr掺杂量对试样的电导率和电导活化能有着明显的影响，当Sr掺杂量为0．3时，La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ的电导率最高，电导活化能最小。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.