我国大气污染与儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状的关系

目的 描述我国主要大气污染物水平与儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状报告率的关系.方法 收集国内外1980至2008年公开发表的关于我国大气污染物与儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状关系的文献,最终有12篇文献人选.采用单因素线性回归和Pearson相关分析的方法分析我国主要大气污染物(TSP,PM10,PM2.5,SO2和NOx)与儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状(咳嗽、持续咳嗽、咯痰、持续咯痰、哮喘、喘呜、支气管炎和肺炎)的关系.结果 研究地区大气中颗粒物(TSP,PM10,PM2.5)的浓度与儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状报告率之间有很强的正相关关系;其中TSP浓度与儿童咳嗽、持续咳嗽、咯痰、持续咯痰和支气管炎的报告率呈明显的正相关关系,TSP浓度每增加10 μg/m3,以上疾病和症状的报告率分别增加0.50%,0.12%,0.43%,0.09%,0.51%;PM10浓度每增加10μg/m3,儿童咳嗽、咯痰以及支气管炎的报告率分别增加2.64%,2.27%和2.17%;PM2.5浓度每增加10μg/m3,儿童咳嗽、咯痰和支气管炎的报告率分别增加4.56%,3.49%和3.74%.大气中SO2浓度与喘鸣的相关关系较明显,SO2浓度每增加10μg/m3,儿童喘鸣的报告率增加0.55%;在大气中SO2浓度低于0.15mg/m,的地区,SO2浓度与儿童咳嗽和咯痰报告率的相关关系较明显,SO2浓度每增加10μg/m3,以上症状的报告率分别增加1.65%,1.50%.在NOx浓度低于0.10 mg/m3的地区,NOx浓度与儿童持续咳嗽、持续咯痰和支气管炎的报告率之间有较强的相关关系,NOx浓度每增加10μg/m3,以上疾病和症状的报告率分别增加0.86%,0.51%,3.21%.此外,北方地区大气污染物与儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状的报告率之间相关关系更显著.结论 我国大气污染物浓度是儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状的危险因素,并且北方地区大气污染物对儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状的影响更大.     

2016—2020年江西省南昌市大气污染物与儿童呼吸疾病门诊病例数的时间序列关联研究

目的 探讨江西省南昌市6种常规监测大气污染物对儿童呼吸疾病的影响。方法 选取2016－2020年江西省南昌市大气污染物、气象数据和江西省儿童医院呼吸系统日门诊量,采用时间序列Poisson分布的广义相加模型（GAM）,定量分析大气污染物与儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊病例数的相关性。 结果 研究期间大气污染物SO2、NO2、O3-8h、CO、PM2.5、PM10的日均浓度分别为11.35 μg/m3、32.80 μg/m3、 91.80 μg/m3、0.89 mg/m3、37.42 μg/m3、68.22 μg/m3。PM2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2的浓度升高对儿童呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的增加存在统计学意义,均在当日（lag0）和累积滞后第7 d（lag07）效应最强,其中SO2在累积滞后（lag07）的浓度值对儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊病例数的超额危险度（ER = 9.47%,95%CI:6.78%～12.22%）最大。双污染物模型中,调整其他5种污染物后,O3-8h对儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量的增加无统计学意义;将O3-8h引入双污染物模型后,均一定程度的增加了其他污染物的效应,SO2在O3-8h的影响下,对儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊数影响效应值最大;PM2.5、PM10、O3-8h引入双污染模型后,SO2和NO2的效应值均扩大。 结论 2016－2020年大气污染物对南昌市儿童呼吸系统疾病有统计学影响,污染物浓度的升高导致儿童呼吸系统门诊量就诊人数增加,其中SO2对门诊量影响最大。     

南宁市大气污染与呼吸系统疾病的关系

目的探讨南宁市大气污染与呼吸系统疾病的关系。方法根据南宁市1991—2002年大气中主要污染物如总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)、降尘、二氧化硫(SO2)、氮氧化物(NOx)的监测值计算上海大气质量指数并进行评价分级,再与呼吸系统疾病死亡率及同期自治区人民医院慢性阻塞性肺疾病人院病人构成比进行综合分析。结果南宁市大气属煤烟型污染,大气的主要污染物为TSP、降尘、SO2、NOx工业区呼吸系统疾病死亡率是城区的1．4～2．4倍,城区略高于郊区,在污染较重的1991-1995年,呼吸系统疾病死亡率也最高,同期该院慢性阻塞性肺疾病人院水平亦较高。结论南宁市大气污染是呼吸系统疾病死亡及高发的主要环境病因。     

大气污染与疾病关系的相关及广义估计方程分析

目的探讨厦门市大气污染物浓度与疾病死亡率的关系。方法采用相关和广义估计方程，对1987—2001年厦门市大气污染物年均监测浓度与疾病标化死亡率资料进行分析。结果大气污染指数与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、恶性肿瘤、肺癌、心脏病的标化死亡率呈正相关，SO2、总悬浮颗粒物（TSP）与脑血管疾病和肺癌标化死亡率呈正相关，慢性阻塞性肺疾病、恶性肿瘤和心脏病标化死亡率与SO2、TSP和降尘浓度呈正相关，广义估计方程回归系数显著（P〈0．05）。结论大气污染物与多种疾病有关联。     

沙尘暴对呼吸系统疾病的影响

目的 探讨沙尘暴对呼吸系统疾病影响的特点和规律.方法 收集武威市2005年3月1日-5月31日6所医院门诊逐日病例资料及同期该地大气PM10逐日浓度资料、总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)、SO2、NO2日平均浓度资料进行统计分析.结果 武威市在沙尘暴多发期,大气污染物主要为TSP(0.090～0.470 mg/m3)、PM10(0.030～0.435 mg/m3);超标率分别为81.8%和81.5%;SO2和NO2浓度均达标.沙尘暴出现的当天及此后的1～2日内呼吸系统疾病门诊例数明显增加;呼吸系统疾病门诊例数与PM10浓度存在正相关(Pearson相关系数为0.388,P＜0.01).结论 沙尘暴期间呼吸系统疾病的高发与大气中PM10浓度的增高有一定关联.     

天津市大气气态污染物与居民每日死亡关系的时间序列分析

目的 研究天津市大气气态污染物二氧化硫(SO2)和二氧化氮(NO2)与城区居民每日死亡间的相关性.方法 收集天津市城区2005-2007年大气主要污染物[SO2、NO2和可吸入颗粒物(PM10)]日平均浓度、日平均气温和相对湿度以及每日死因别死亡人数,采用广义相加模型,控制长期和季节趋势、气温和相对湿度等气象因素的影响,探讨SO2和NO2日平均浓度与每日死因别死亡间的相关性,分析PM10及模型参数对其相对危险度估计的影响.结果 大气SO2和NO2与人群每日非意外死亡和循环系统疾病死亡间显著相关,与呼吸系统疾病间无显著关联.SO2浓度每升高10μg/m3,人群非意外死亡和循环系统疾病死亡分别增加0.56%(0.23%～0.89%)和0.49%(0.06%～0.93%);NO2浓度每升高10 μg/m3,人群非意外死亡和循环系统疾病死亡分别增加0.94%(0.17%～1.70%)和1.29%(0.29%～2.30%).结论 天津市大气SO2和NO2污染与城区居民每日非意外死亡和循环系统疾病死亡显著相关.     

西安市大气PM_（2.5）污染与城区居民死亡率的关系

目的定量评价西安大气PM2.5污染对城区居民每日疾病死亡率的影响。方法以大气PM2.5浓度为自变量,以总死亡,呼吸系统疾病,心血管疾病,中风,慢性阻塞型肺部疾病,冠心病,下呼吸道感染等疾病为因变量,进行了单因素泊松回归分析。结果单变量分析结果表明：除PM2.5对下呼吸道感染死亡率的影响无显著意义以外,与其它各种疾病死亡率之间的正相关关系均有显著意义。暴露-反应关系模型显示：PM2.5浓度每升高100μg/m3,总死亡、呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病、冠心病、中风、COPD的死亡率分别增加4.08%,8.32%,6.18%,8.32%,5.13%,7.25%。结论大气PM2.5浓度的升高会引起相应疾病死亡率的增加。     

淮安市城区大气污染与呼吸系统疾病门诊量的时间序列分析

目的 探讨淮安市城区大气污染物对日呼吸系统疾病发生的急性影响,为呼吸系统疾病的早期预防提供科学依据。方法 收集淮安地区2015全年气象,环保及城区部分医疗机构呼吸系统疾病门诊量数据,采用Poisson分布广义相加模型(GAM)分析主要大气污染物(PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2)与呼吸系统疾病门诊量的关系。结果 (1)Spearman等级相关分析发现PM2.5、PM10、SO2和NO2与日呼吸系统疾病门诊量发生成正相关(P<0.01);(2)单污染物模型分析显示:PM2.5、NO2对日呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响效应均在当日达到最大值,PM10、SO2对日呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响效应分别在滞后第4天、滞后第3天达到最大值,且日浓度每升高10 μg/m3,对呼吸系统门诊量风险增加分别为0.26%(0.076%~0.44%),2.90%(2.20%~3.60%),0.26%(0.15%~0.38%)和2.40%(1.80%~3.00%);(3)多污染物模型分析显示:SO2与NO2在引入其他污染物时对日呼吸系统疾病门诊量影响均有所下降,且均具有统计学意义。结论 淮安市城区大气污染物(PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2)与呼吸系统疾病门诊量密切相关,并且SO2、NO2浓度增加更易增加呼吸系统疾病的发病风险。     

天津市可吸人颗粒物与城区居民每日死亡关系的时间序列分析

目的 研究天津市大气可吸入颗粒物(PM10)与城区居民每日死亡间的相关性.方法 通过收集天津市城区2005-2007年空气污染数据、日平均气温和相对湿度及每日死亡人数,采用广义相加模型,控制长期和季节趋势、气温和相对湿度等气象因素及二氧化硫(SO2)和二氧化氮(NO2)等气态污染物的影响,分析天津市PM10与居民每日死亡之间的关系.结果 大气PM10与人群每日非意外死亡、循环系统疾病死亡和呼吸系统疾病死亡间显著相关.PM10浓度每升高10 μg/m3,人群每日非意外死亡、循环系统疾病死亡和呼吸系统疾病死亡分别增加0.45%(0.21～0.69)、0.60%(0.29～0.91)和0.82%(0.04～1.61).结论 天津市大气PM10污染与城区居民每日死亡显著相关,尤其是循环系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病死亡.     

苏州市居民呼吸系统疾病死亡与大气二氧化氮的相关性研究

目的分析大气中主要气态污染物二氧化氮(NO2)对苏州市居民每日呼吸系统疾病死亡人数的影响。方法收集苏州市2010—2013年居民每日呼吸系统疾病死亡资料、大气主要污染物浓度(NO2、SO2和PM10)及气象因素(日均气温、相对湿度)资料。采用时间序列的广义相加模型,并建立双污染物模型,以检验NO2对居民每日呼吸系统疾病死亡人数的效应是否受到其他大气污染物影响。结果 NO2浓度与苏州市居民每日呼吸系统疾病死亡均有关系,NO2浓度每升高10μg/m3,所有居民、男性的呼吸系统日死亡率分别增加1.428%(0.453%~2.403%)、1.534%(0.245%~2.720%)。建立的拟合双污染物模型中,加入PM2.5后,N02的效应有所升高,并仍具有显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论苏州市大气中NO2浓度升高导致所有居民呼吸系统疾病死亡率有所增加。     

Air pollution and daily mortality in Turin, 1991-1996

A time series study was carried out to assess the relationship between the air pollutants measured by the air quality monitoring network and daily mortality in Turin, Italy. We used TSP, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO concentrations measured from 1-1-1991 to 31-12-1996 at three stations of the city network, chosen to represent different, typical circumstances of exposure to air pollution in the town. The analysis was performed by robust Poisson regression model including loss smoothing functions to allow for long-time trend, seasons, temperature and relative humidity. Dummy variables for the days of the week and holidays were also included. The relative risk of death for a unit increase in the pollutant concentration either during the same day (lag 0) in the previous ones (lag up to 5) was computed. The unit increase was 50 micrograms/m3 for TSP, SO2, NO2, O3, and 2 mg/m3 for CO. The average daily number of deaths for natural causes was 21. The relative risks for total mortality were 1.04 for TSP (lag 1), 1.10 for SO2 (lag 2), 1.06 for NO2 (lag 1), 1.01 for O3 (lag 0), 1.03 for CO (lag 1). The relative risks were 1.05 for TSP (lag 0), 1.12 for SO2 (lag 2), 1.07 for NO2 (lag 1), 1.03 for O3 (lag 0), 1.03 for CO (lag 1) for cardiovascular mortality, and 1.08 for TSP (lag 2), 1.20 for SO2 (lag 2), 1.12 for NO2 (lag 2), 1.03 for O3 (lag 2), 1.05 for CO (lag 2) for respiratory mortality.     

Air pollution and mortality in Valencia, Spain: a study using the APHEA methodology.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the short term relationship between daily air pollution indicators (black smoke and sulphur dioxide (SO2)) and mortality in Valencia. DESIGN: This was an ecological study using time series data with application of Poisson regression. Daily variations in four selected outcome variables (total mortality, mortality in those over 70 years of age, and cardiovascular and respiratory mortality) were considered in relation to daily variations in air pollution levels for the period 1991-93. SETTING: The city of Valencia, Spain. MAIN RESULTS: The mean daily mortality was 17.5, and the average daily levels of air pollutants from the three monitoring stations included in the study were, 67.7 micrograms/m3 for black smoke, and 39.9 micrograms/ m3 for SO2. A significant positive association between black smoke and three of the four outcomes in the study was found. The estimated relative risk (RR) of dying corresponding to a 10 micrograms/m3 increase in mean daily black smoke over the whole period was 1.009 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.003, 1.015). For mortality in the group aged more than 70 years and for cardiovascular mortality, the RRs were 1.008 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.016) and 1.012 (95% CI: 1.003, 1.022) respectively. The association with SO2 was less clear: it was only evident during the warm season. The estimated RRs in this case were 1.007 (95% CI: 0.999, 1.015) for total mortality, 1.009 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.21) for total mortality in those older than 70, and 1.012 (95% CI: 0.995, 1.026) for cardiovascular deaths. No significant association was found between mortality from respiratory diseases and either of the two pollutants. CONCLUSIONS: A positive relationship between air pollution and mortality was found in the short term, as has been shown in an important number of studies carried out elsewhere. Although the current levels of particulate air pollution in Valencia are not very high, they could have an effect on the number of premature deaths. Despite the fact that the association is weak, it is important at the public health level both because of the numbers of population exposed and the possibility of establishing control measures.     

1990～1991年北京市城区大气污染与每日居民死亡关系的研究

本研究使用时间序列分析对北京市主要城区（西城区、东城区）１９９０～１９９１年大气污染和每日死亡数进行连续观察，并使用泊松回归模型分析空气中总飘尘（ＴＳＰ）和二氧化硫（ＳＯ２）的对数测定值对每日居民死亡的影响，结果显示：大气污染物有增加每日居民死亡数的危险性，心血管病患者受ＴＳＰ的影响和呼吸系统疾病患者受ＳＯ２的影响比其他疾病患者更大，６５岁及以上老年病人所受影响较大。     

PM(10) exposure, gaseous pollutants, and daily mortality in Inchon, South Korea.

To evaluate the relative importance of various measures of particulate and gaseous air pollution as predictors of daily mortality in Inchon, South Korea, the association between total daily mortality and air pollution was investigated for a 20-month period (January 1995 through August 1996). Poisson regression was used to regress daily death counts on each air pollutant, controlling for time trends, season, and meteorologic influences such as temperature and relative humidity. Regression coefficients of a 5-day moving average of particulate matter less than or = to 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)) on total mortality were positively significant when considered separately and simultaneously with other pollutants in the model. PM(10) remained significant when the models were confined to cardiovascular or respiratory mortality. Sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) and carbon monoxide (CO) were significantly related to respiratory mortality in the single-pollutant model. Ozone exposure was not statistically significant with regard to mortality in the above models, and graphic analysis showed that the relationship was nonlinear. A combined index of PM(10), nitrogen dioxide, SO(2), and CO seemed to better explain the exposure-response relationship with total mortality than an individual air pollutant. Pollutants should be considered together in the risk assessment of air pollution, as opposed to measuring the risk of individual pollutants.     

Study on the association between ambient air pollution and daily cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in an urban district of Beijing

The association between daily cardiovascular/respiratory mortality and air pollution in an urban district of Beijing was investigated over a 6-year period (January 2003 to December 2008). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative importance of the major air pollutants [particulate matter (PM), SO2, NO2] as predictors of daily cardiovascular/respiratory mortality. The time-series studied comprises years with lower level interventions to control air pollution (2003-2006) and years with high level interventions in preparation for and during the Olympics/Paralympics (2007-2008). Concentrations of PM10, SO2, and NO2, were measured daily during the study period. A generalized additive model was used to evaluate daily numbers of cardiovascular/respiratory deaths in relation to each air pollutant, controlling for time trends and meteorological influences such as temperature and relative humidity. The results show that the daily cardiovascular/respiratory death rates were significantly associated with the concentration air pollutants, especially deaths related to cardiovascular disease. The current day effects of PM10 and NO2 were higher than that of single lags (distributed lags) and moving average lags for respiratory disease mortality. The largest RR of SO2 for respiratory disease mortality was in Lag02. For cardiovascular disease mortality, the largest RR was in Lag01 for PM10, and in current day (Lag0) for SO2 and NO2. NO2 was associated with the largest RRs for deaths from both cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease.     

Air pollution and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Hong Kong

OBJECTIVE: To investigate short term effects of concentrations of pollutants in ambient air on hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Hong Kong. METHODS: Retrospective ecological study. A Poisson regression was performed of concentrations of daily air pollutant on daily counts of emergency hospital admissions in 12 major hospitals. The effects of time trend, season, and other cyclical factors, temperature, and humidity were accounted for. Autocorrelation and overdispersion were corrected. Daily concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and particulate matter < 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) were obtained from seven air monitoring stations in Hong Kong in 1994 and 1995. Relative risks (RR) of respiratory and cardiovascular disease admissions (for an increase of 10 micrograms/m3 in concentration of air pollutant) were calculated. RESULTS: Significant associations were found between hospital admissions for all respiratory diseases, all cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and heart failure and the concentrations of all four pollutants. Admissions for asthma, pneumonia, and influenza were significantly associated with NO2, O3, and PM10. Relative risk (RR) for admissions for respiratory disease for the four pollutants ranged from 1.013 (for SO2) to 1.022 (for O3), and for admissions for cardiovascular disease, from 1.006 (for PM10) to 1.016 (for SO2). Those aged > or = 65 years were at higher risk. Significant positive interactions were detected between NO2, O3, and PM10, and between O3 and winter months. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse health effects are evident at current ambient concentrations of air pollutants. Further reduction in air pollution is necessary to protect the health of the community, especially that of the high risk group.

 

     

Time series analysis of air pollution and mortality: effects by cause, age and socioeconomic status

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between outdoor air pollution and mortality in S?o Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN: Time series study METHODS: All causes, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality were analysed and the role of age and socioeconomic status in modifying associations between mortality and air pollution were investigated. Models used Poisson regression and included terms for temporal patterns, meteorology, and autocorrelation. MAIN RESULTS: All causes all ages mortality showed much smaller associations with air pollution than mortality for specific causes and age groups. In the elderly, a 3-4% increase in daily deaths for all causes and for cardiovascular diseases was associated with an increase in fine particulate matter and in sulphur dioxide from the 10th to the 90th percentile. For respiratory deaths the increase in mortality was higher (6%). Cardiovascular deaths were additionally associated with levels of carbon monoxide (4% increase in daily deaths). The associations between air pollutants and mortality in children under 5 years of age were not statistically significant. There was a significant trend of increasing risk of death according to age with effects most evident for subjects over 65 years old. The effect of air pollution was also larger in areas of higher socioeconomic level. CONCLUSIONS: These results show further evidence of an association between air pollution and mortality but of smaller magnitude than found in other similar studies. In addition, it seems that older age groups are at a higher risk of mortality associated with air pollution. Such complexity should be taken into account in health risk assessment based on time series studies.     

空气颗粒物与呼吸及心脑血管疾病每日住院率相关性研究

目的 建立颗粒物空气污染与每日住院率暴露反应关系模型,为颗粒物空气污染健康影响早期预警提供科学依据.方法 应用]Poisson广义可加模型鉴定暴露反应关系形状,分段线性拟合进行污染物危险度评估.结果 年龄分组分析:颗粒物空气污染与所有年龄组每日住院率均呈正相关,且为非线性.可吸入颗粒物每增加10 ìg/m3,呼吸系统疾病住院率上升百分比为0.716%～2.145%,心脑血管疾病住院率上升百分比为0.65%.病因分组分析:颗粒物空气污染与所有疾病每日住院率均呈正相关,且为非线性.影响显著的疾病为慢性阻塞性肺疾病和缺血性心脏病,颗粒物每升高10ìg/m3,相应的住院率上升百分比分别为2.94%、1.94%.非采暖期和采暖期分别分析,非采暖期颗粒物空气污染的影响大于采暖期影响.结论 与有关死亡率研究结果比较,颗粒物空气污染对呼吸系统、心脑血管疾病住院率上升百分比大于死亡率上升百分比(0.25%),表明颗粒物空气污染对住院率的影响大于死亡率.     

Short-term associations between outdoor air pollution and mortality in London 1992-4

OBJECTIVES: A previous study of the short term effects of air pollution in London from April 1987 to March 1992 found associations between all cause mortality and black smoke and ozone, but no clear evidence of specificity for cardiorespiratory deaths. London data from 1992 to 1994 were analysed to examine the consistency of results over time and to include particles with a mean aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns (PM10) and carbon monoxide. METHODS: Poisson regression was used of daily mortality counts grouped by age and diagnosis, adjusting for trend, seasonality, calendar effects, deaths from influenza, meteorology, and serial correlation. The pollutants examined were particles (PM10 and black smoke), nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulphur dioxide, and carbon monoxide with single and cumulative lags up to 3 days. RESULTS: No significant associations were found between any pollutant and all cause mortality, but, with the exception of ozone, all estimates were positive. Each pollutant apart from ozone was significantly associated with respiratory mortality; PM10 showed the largest effect (4% increase in deaths of all ages for a 10th-90th percentile increment). The pollutants significantly associated with cardiovascular deaths were nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and black smoke but there was no evidence of an association with PM10. In two pollutant models of respiratory deaths, the effect of black smoke, which in London indicates fine particles of diesel origin, was independent of that of PM10, but not vice versa. CONCLUSION: These results from a new data set confirm a previous report that there are associations between various air pollutants and daily mortality in London. This new study found greater specificity for associations with respiratory and cardiovascular deaths, and this increases the plausibility of a causal explanation. However, the effects of ozone found in the earlier study were not replicated. The fraction of PM10 which comprises black smoke accounted for much of the effect of PM10.

 

     

兰州市大气污染与居民健康效应的时间序列研究

目的定量化研究兰州市大气污染物对居民心血管疾病日住院人数及居民日死亡人数的影响。方法收集2004年1月1日-2007年12月31日兰州市大气主要污染物资料,收集兰州市同期心血管疾病日住院资料及居民日死亡资料,采用Poisson广义相加模型进行兰州市大气污染与居民心血管疾病日住院人数及居民日死亡人数的回归分析。结果兰州市大气主要污染物对心血管疾病住院人数和居民总死亡人数的影响均有滞后效应,不同污染物对总心血管疾病及居民总死亡人数的影响也不相同。PM10、SO2及NO2日平均浓度每增加10μg／m^3,总心血管疾病日住院人数分别增加0．21％、1．15％和1．08％,居民日死亡人数分别增加0．71％、1．29％、1．95％。结论兰州市大气污染物PM10SO2及NO2浓度与心血管疾病住院人数及居民死亡人数存在一定的相关性,污染物浓度升高,心血管疾病住院及居民死亡的危险性随之增加。