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1.
Background
Several meta-analyses have demonstrated that the rs662 polymorphism in Paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) gene is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is still uncertain whether this polymorphism is associated with the plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and lipids. This meta-analysis is aimed to clarify the relationships between the rs662 polymorphism and plasma levels of Ox-LDL and lipids.Methods
By searching in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP and CNKI databases, 5 studies (1369 subjects) and 85 studies (46,740 subjects) were respectively identified for Ox-LDL association analysis and lipid association analysis. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to estimate the effects of the rs662 polymorphism on plasma Ox-LDL and lipid levels.Results
The carriers of the variant R allele had higher levels of Ox-LDL (SMD?=?0.23, 95% CI?=?0.10–0.36, P?<? 0.01), triglyceride (TG) (SMD?=?0.06, 95% CI?=?0.01–0.11, P?=?0.02), total cholesterol (TC) (SMD?=?0.04, 95% CI?=?0.00–0.07, P?=?0.05) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD?=?0.04, 95% CI?=?0.00–0.08, P?=?0.04) than the non-carriers.Conclusions
This meta-analysis suggests that the association between the PON1 rs662 polymorphism and CHD may partly be mediated by abnormal Ox-LDL and lipid levels caused by the R allele.2.
Background
To investigate the role of CD138 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of chronic endometritis (CE) and the risk factors for assisted conception patients having CE complications.Methods
Ninety-three patients, with normal uterine shape confirmed by examination and who were planning to undergo assisted conception treatments, were selected as research subjects. Endometrial tissue was isolated for routine hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and CD138 immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, the disease histories of patients were collected, and the reproductive prognosis was followed up.Results
① CE detection rate: The rate of CD138 immunohistochemical staining was greater than that of HE staining (27.96 % vs. 26.89 %, P <0.05); ② Pregnancy rate: the pregnancy rate of CD138-positive patients (7.7 %) was lower than the pregnancy rate of CD138-negative patients (31.3 %) (p?=?0.017?<?0.05); ③ The results from univariate analysis showed that a previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and complications of fallopian tube obstruction were associated with CE (P <0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis confirmed that prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes (P?=?0.014, OR?=?5.394, 95 % CI 1.405-20.699), a previous abortion history (P?=?0.029, OR?=?3.194, 95 % CI 1.125-9.073), and fallopian tube obstruction (P?=?0.028, OR?=?3.274, 95 % CI 1.139-9.415) were independent risk factors for positive CD138 results.Conclusions
CD138 immunohistochemistry can improve the CE diagnosis rate. A previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and a history of fallopian tube obstruction are risk factors for chronic endometritis, and a CD138 immunohistochemical examination should be advised among them.3.
Xuefei Zhao Hongjun Dong Jienan Zhang Yawei Sun Manhong Yao Guoliang Zhu Guozhang Xu 《Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften》2016,24(3):231-236
Aim
This study aims to assess iodine nutritional status and investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents in Ningbo city, China.Subject and methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Ningbo, China, in 2011. Salt iodine, urine iodine concentration (UIC) and thyroid nodules (by ultrasonography) were measured in 329 participants aged 6–17 years.Results
The median UIC of all participants was 167.23 μg/L. No significant differences in UICs were observed between boys and girls (Z?=??1.06, P?=?0.29), children and adolescents (Z?=??1.88, P?=?0.06), iodized salt users and noniodized salt users (Z?=??0.10, P?=?0.92). A total of 114 nodules with maximum diameters between 1.5 and 12 mm were found among 51 (15.50 %) participants, the prevalence of thyroid nodules between children and adolescents has no significant difference (χ 2?=?0.29, P?=?0.59), and there were no significant differences in age (t?=?1.56, P?=?0.12), gender (χ 2?=?0.13, P?=?0.72), type of salt (χ 2?=?0.14, P?=?0.71), family history of thyroid diseases (P?=?0.46, Fisher’s exact test) and UICs (Z?=??1.12, P?=?0.26) between the participants with thyroid nodules and those without.Conclusion
The iodine nutrition was adequate in children and adolescents in Ningbo city, but the prevalence of thyroid nodules among children and adolescents was high.4.
5.
Background
The effects of malnutrition on health status and survival of children has been the subject of extensive research for several decades. Malnutrition affects physical growth, cognitive development of children, morbidity and mortality. The current study was an exploratory survey that focused on factors affecting feeding of nursery school children as perceived by their mothers in a rural setting in Usigu Division of Bondo County, Kenya.Methods
The sampling frame was mothers whose children were in Kanyibok, Sanda and Usenge nursery schools. Purposive sampling methods were used to draw a total of 108 respondents. In a logistic regression model, bad management of feeding was the dependent variable while factors perceived to affect management of feeding were the independent variables.Results
Married mothers were more likely to manage good feeding practices (OR, 0.34, 95% CI, 0.21-0.76; P?=?0.022) relative to those who were single or widowed. Additional analyses showed that low education levels (OR, 7.33, 95% CI, 3.37-12.91; P?=?0.023), younger mothers (OR, 6.04, 95% CI, 3.22-9.68; P?=?0.029) and mothers engaged in business (OR, 4.02, 95% CI, 2.11-7.85; P?=?0.027) increased their likelihood of not feeding the pre-school children. Majority of the children who ate the main meals in other houses belonged to young mothers in the age category of 15–29 years. Further analyses demonstrated that if the order of serving food was to the children first, then they had high likelihood of having good feeding relative to when the father was served first (OR, 0.22, 95% CI, 0.14-0.61; P?=?0.011).Conclusions
Based on these findings, there is an urgent need for sensitization of the mothers on the management of feeding of these pre-school children in Bondo County. It is hoped that relevant interventions would then be designed with the view of managing children feeding in such rural settings as in Bondo County in Kenya.6.
Kayonda Hubert Ngamaba Maria Panagioti Christopher J. Armitage 《Quality of life research》2018,27(3):577-596
Background
Reducing income inequality is one possible approach to boost subjective well-being (SWB). Nevertheless, previous studies have reported positive, null and negative associations between income inequality and SWB.Objectives
This study reports the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between income inequality and SWB, and seeks to understand the heterogeneity in the literature.Methods
This systematic review was conducted according to guidance (PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook) and searches (between January 1980 and October 2017) were carried out using Web of Science, Medline, Embase and PsycINFO databases.Results
Thirty-nine studies were included in the review, but poor data reporting meant that only 24 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The narrative analysis of 39 studies found negative, positive and null associations between income inequality and SWB. The meta-analysis confirmed these findings. The overall association between income inequality and SWB was almost zero and not statistically significant (pooled r?=???0.01, 95% CI ??0.08 to 0.06; Q?=?563.10, I 2?=?95.74%, p?<?0.001), suggesting no association between income inequality and SWB. Subgroup analyses showed that the association between income inequality and SWB was moderated by the country economic development (i.e. developed countries: r?=???0.06, 95% CI ?0.10 to ?0.02 versus developing countries: r?=?0.16, 95% CI 0.09–0.23). The association between income inequality and SWB was not influenced by: (a) the measure used to assess SWB, (b) geographic region, or (c) the way in which income inequality was operationalised.Conclusions
The association between income inequality and SWB is weak, complex and moderated by the country economic development.7.
8.
Purpose
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of the association between body mass index (BMI) and physical activity and diverticular disease risk.Methods
PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to February 7, 2017. Summary relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using a random effects model and nonlinear associations were modeled using fractional polynomial models.Results
Six cohort studies of BMI and diverticular disease risk (28,915 cases, 1,636,777 participants) and five cohort studies of physical activity and diverticular disease risk (2080 cases, 147,869 participants) were included. The summary relative risk (RR) of incident diverticular disease for a 5 unit BMI increment was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.18–1.40, I 2?=?77%, n?=?6) for diverticular disease, 1.31 (95% CI: 1.09–1.56, I 2?=?74%, n?=?2) for diverticulitis, and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04–1.40, I 2?=?56%, n?=?3) for diverticular disease complications. There was no evidence of a nonlinear association between BMI and diverticular disease risk (p nonlinearity?=?0.22), and risk increased even within the normal weight range. Compared to a BMI of 20, the summary RR for a BMI of 22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, 32.5, 35.0, 37.5, and 40.0 was 1.15 (1.07–1.23), 1.31 (1.17–1.47), 1.50 (1.31–1.71), 1.71 (1.52–1.94), 1.96 (1.77–2.18), 2.26 (2.00–2.54), 2.60 (2.11–3.21), and 3.01 (2.06–4.39), respectively. The summary RR was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63–0.93, I 2?=?54%, n?=?5) for high vs. low physical activity and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.57–0.97, I 2?=?39.5%, p heterogeneity?=?0.20, n = 2) for high vs. low vigorous physical activity.Conclusions
These results suggest that even moderate increases in BMI may increase the risk of diverticular disease as well as diverticular disease complications and that a higher level of physical activity may reduce the risk.9.
Aims
To identify risk factors of elevated blood pressure due to differences in socio-demographic factors, obesity, and health status.Methods
Cross-sectional study. A total of 482 participants were chosen from Primary Healthcare Centers in Gaza City, Palestine, based on objective criteria.Results
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) showed significant differences according to different educational, menopausal, obesity, and health statuses, but no significant differences due to sex, marital status, and family size. Correlations of SBP with age, waist circumference, and weight were significant at P?=?0.001 (r s?=?0.444, r s?=?0.434, and r s?=?0.323, respectively). Correlations of DBP with age, waist circumference, and weight were also significant at P?=?0.001 (r s?=?0.170, r s?=?0.374, and r s?=?0.362, respectively). A total of 169 subjects out of 482 have SBP?≥130 mmHg and DBP?≥85 mmHg. By the multivariate logistic regression model, the odds ratio (OR) for obesity equaled 2.768 (95% CI: 1.183 to 6.475, P?=?0.019), OR for having a mother with one or more chronic diseases equaled 1.886 (95% CI: 1.185 to 3.003, P?=?0.007), and OR for a medium-sized family (6–10 members) equaled 0.611 (95% CI: 0.376 to 0.994, P?=?0.013).Conclusion
Blood pressure increased by elevated body mass index and waist circumference; participants who have a mother with hypertension and/or diabetes are most likely to have higher blood pressure.10.
J. Douglas Thornton Rashmi Goyat Nilanjana Dwibedi George A. Kelley 《Quality of life research》2017,26(8):1955-1967
Purpose
Over 25 million Americans reported having daily pain and between 5 and 8 million Americans used opioids to treat chronic pain in 2012. This is the first systematic review with meta-analysis to determine the effects of long-term opioid use on the Physical Component Summary (PCS) score and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores of a Health-Related Quality of Life instrument in adults without opioid use disorder.Methods
The a priori eligibility criteria for the PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and PsyINFO searches were (1) randomized controlled trial, (2) at least one opioid intervention group, (3) minimum of 4-week duration of opioid use, (4) comparative control group, and (5) adults ≥18 years that do not have dominant disease. The unit of analysis was the standardized mean difference effect size (Hedges’s g). All results were pooled using random-effects models.Results
Of the 340 non-duplicate citations screened, 19 articles comprising 26 treatment comparisons and 6168 individuals (treatment n?=?3160; comparators n?=?3008 with duplicates removed) met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Thirteen treatment comparisons were available for the meta-analysis. Across all PCS analyses, small, statistically significant improvements were observed (opioid versus opioid only: g?=?0.27, 95% CI 0.05–0.50, opioid versus placebo only: g?=?0.18, 95% CI 0.08–0.28, and all studies combined: g?=?0.22, 95% CI 0.11–0.32). There were small but not statistically significant changes on the MCS scores. Overall, high heterogeneity was present.Conclusions
PCS scores improve with no change in MCS scores. However, long-term opioid trials are rare and only two trials included lasted longer than 1 year.11.
Yong Cai Guoqiang Xing Tian Shen Shuxian Zhang Jianyu Rao Rong Shi 《Lipids in health and disease》2017,16(1):251
Backgrounds
Recent experiments suggest that Citrus bergamia extracts could benefit people with dyslipidemia and obesity but this needs to be further validated.Methods
A total of 98 people age-matched older adults (65 years) with elevated blood lipids were enrolled to receive 12-week supplementation of a Citrus bergamia extracts-based formulation (CitriCholess)(n?=?48) and placebo (n?=?50).Results
No group differences were found in baseline bodyweight, body mass index (BMI), blood cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucose levels. CitriCholess supplementation resulted in lower levels than placebo in TG (1.83?±?0.92 vs. 1.95?±?1.34 mmol/L, P?=?0.612), TC (5.14?±?0.98 vs. 5.44?±?0.77 mmol/L, P?=?0.097), and LDL-C (3.13?±?0.74 vs. 3.43?±?0.62 mmol/L, P?=?0.032). Compared to placebo, CitriCholess also resulted in greater reductions in body weight (?0.604?±?0.939 vs. 0.06?±?0.74 kg, P?<?0.01), waist circumferences (?0.60?±?1.349 cm vs. -0.16?±?1.503 cm, P?<?0.01) and BMI (?0.207?±?0.357 vs. 0.025?±?0.274, P?<?0.01). Additionally, females had a significantly higher level of HDL-C than males. TC was significantly correlated with LDL-C, and to a less degree, with TG. TG was inversely correlated with HDL-C. Body weight and waist circumference were negatively correlated with HDL-C and positively correlated with glucose.Conclusion
12-week supplementation of CitriCholess could benefit lipid metabolism and weight management in old adults with dyslipidemia.12.
Mary K. Horan Jean M. Donnelly Ciara A. McGowan Eileen R. Gibney Fionnuala M. McAuliffe 《Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften》2016,24(5):427-436
Aim
To examine the association between maternal nutrition and lifestyle factors and offspring adiposity, using baseline and 2-year postpartum follow-up data from a randomised control trial of low glycaemic index diet.Subject and methods
Food diaries and lifestyle questionnaires were completed during pregnancy and infant feeding and maternal lifestyle questionnaires 2 years postpartum for 281 mother and infant pairs from the ROLO study. Maternal anthropometry was measured throughout pregnancy and infant and maternal anthropometry was measured 2 years postpartum.Results
Maternal 2 year postpartum body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with offspring BMI-for-age z-score (B?=?0.105, p?=?0.015). Trimester 2 saturated fat intake was positively associated with offspring subscapular:triceps skinfold ratio (B?=?0.018, p?=?0.001). Trimester 1 glycaemic index was also positively associated with offspring sum of subscapular and triceps skinfolds (B?=?0.009, p?=?0.029).Conclusions
Maternal BMI 2 years postpartum was positively associated with offspring BMI. Pregnancy saturated fat intake was positively and polyunsaturated fat negatively associated with offspring adiposity. While further research is necessary, pregnancy and the postpartum period may be early opportunities to combat childhood obesity.13.
Klajdi Puka Mark A. Ferro Kelly K. Anderson Kathy N. Speechley 《Quality of life research》2018,27(4):969-977
Purpose
Epilepsy in childhood extends far beyond seizures and affects child and parental well-being. The long-term impact of childhood-onset epilepsy on parental well-being is unknown. This study assessed health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in mothers 10 years after their child’s diagnosis of epilepsy.Methods
Data come from the Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Epilepsy Study, a multicenter prospective cohort study of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Mothers completed a mailed questionnaire at the 10-year follow-up, which included the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12-v2) to evaluate the physical and mental health components of their HRQOL. Block-wise linear regressions identified child/epilepsy, maternal/family, and maternal psychosocial factors associated with mothers’ HRQOL.Results
A total of 159 mothers participated in this study (46% of the sample assessed at baseline). At follow-up, 69% of youth had been seizure free for the past 5 years. Mothers scored similarly to population norms (mean: 50, SD: 10) on the mental health subscale (mean: 49.5, SD: 9.3) and significantly better on the physical health subscale (mean: 53.0, SD: 7.6). Better family resources were associated with higher (better) scores on the physical health subscale (B?=?0.20; 95% CI 0.03, 0.36). Better family functioning (B?=?0.34; 95% CI 0.06, 0.62), fewer maternal depressive symptoms (B?=?0.33; 95% CI 0.20, 0.47), and perception of less stress (B?=?0.70; 95% CI 0.52, 0.88) were associated with higher (better) scores on the mental health subscale.Conclusion
Ten years after the diagnosis of epilepsy in children, the HRQOL of mothers was similar to reports from women in the general population. This study identified factors contributing to better maternal HRQOL and highlights the importance of family environment over epilepsy-related variables.14.
Byeongsang Oh Kyung Ju Lee Chris Zaslawski Albert Yeung David Rosenthal Linda Larkey Michael Back 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2017,22(1):71
Background
Numerous studies have reported that spending time in nature is associated with the improvement of various health outcomes and well-being. This review evaluated the physical and psychological benefits of a specific type of exposure to nature, forest therapy.Method
A literature search was carried out using MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, and ProQuest databases and manual searches from inception up to December 2016. Key words: “Forest” or “Shinrin -Yoku” or “Forest bath” AND “Health” or “Wellbeing”. The methodological quality of each randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) tool.Results
Six RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Participants’ ages ranged from 20 to 79 years. Sample size ranged from 18 to 99. Populations studied varied from young healthy university students to elderly people with chronic disease. Studies reported the positive impact of forest therapy on hypertension (n?=?2), cardiac and pulmonary function (n?=?1), immune function (n?=?2), inflammation (n?=?3), oxidative stress (n?=?1), stress (n?=?1), stress hormone (n?=?1), anxiety (n?=?1), depression (n?=?2), and emotional response (n?=?3). The quality of all studies included in this review had a high ROB.Conclusion
Forest therapy may play an important role in health promotion and disease prevention. However, the lack of high-quality studies limits the strength of results, rendering the evidence insufficient to establish clinical practice guidelines for its use. More robust RCTs are warranted.15.
Julitta S. Boschman Karen Nieuwenhuijsen Judith K. Sluiter 《Quality of life research》2018,27(2):437-446
Purpose
To research within-person fluctuations in occupational health, work ability and wellbeing, we need new measurement strategies. We studied absolute agreement for weekly measurements of task-specific work ability and relationships between wellbeing, work demands and personal factors and task-specific work ability over time.Methods
Forty-eight Dutch academic researchers answered questions during 12 consecutive weeks. Physical and mental work demands, indicators of wellbeing and task-specific work ability in each week were measured. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for absolute agreement between task-specific work ability measures were calculated. For application in individual workers, an ICC?>?0.90 was regarded as suitable. Multilevel models were used to relate both time-invariant and time-varying predictors to task-specific work ability.Results
Multiple measurements increased the reliability. Absolute agreement, however, did not reach the optimal level, except for the task ‘ability to conduct data analyses’ which had an ICC value of 0.95 (95% CI 0.91–0.98). Individuals’ leisure time physical activity (p?=?0.03) and relational (p?=?0.02) and social (p?=?0.02) wellbeing were related to their average task-specific work ability. Weekly physical demands (p?=?0.01) and personal (p?=?0.04) and general wellbeing (p?=?0.03) were related to weekly fluctuations in work ability.Conclusions
We demonstrated intra-individual variability in repeated assessments of task-specific work ability, pointing to the need for multiple measurements when characterizing work ability. The finding that some time-invariant and time-varying predictors can be related to the estimate of aspects of task-specific work ability and its fluctuations is helpful in understanding the dynamics of this concept.16.
Dana Zelnik Yovel Orna Tal Dror Dicker Avishay Elis Micha Rapoport 《Israel journal of health policy research》2018,7(1):73
Background
Professional skills and academic records of the highest degree are essential requirements for the chairmanship of internal medicine departments. Whether the new generation and future successors of Israeli chairmen is endowed with these attributes is not known.Purpose
To determine whether there is a lack of future suitable successors for the current heads of internal medicine departments in Israel and to compare the demographic, academic and professional characteristics of the older and newer generations of department heads.Methods
An online anonymous questionnaire was nationally distributed during 2016 to all active heads of internal medicine departments in Israel (n?=?101). First round was followed by two runs of personal phone calls to promote participation.Results
Sixty-seven (67%) of chairmen responded. The vast majority of current chairs of internal medicine departments are males (N?=?59, 88%) over 50 years of age (N?=?58, 86%) with established academic background with lecturer degree or higher (N?=?57, 85%).Only 19 (28%) of current heads assigned a future successor. Comparison of chairmen who did and did not assigned successors demonstrated that assignment of successors was associated with higher academic status (P?<?0.02) and longer chairmanship (p?<?0.01) but not with mean age of current chairmen (p?<?0.08). Nevertheless, most assignments (55%) were done by chairmen in the 61 to 67 years age group. As compared to current chairmen, the designated successors have lesser academic status (p?<?0.01) and are characterized by a higher female prevalence (P?<?0.03).Conclusions
Significant demographic, professional and academic differences exist between the current chairs of internal medicine departments in Israeli hospitals and their future successors. This underscores the need for reassessment of the availability and requirements of this crucial position.17.
Background
Only a few studies like ours have investigated the effect of long-term stable iodine supply on thyroid disorders in a historically iodine-deficient population, but not with a long follow-up time of 10 years.Methods
Data were derived from two independent population-based cohorts of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-0 [1997–2001] and SHIP-TREND [2008–2012]) comprising 4308 and 4420 subjects, respectively. Diagnosed thyroid disorders were assessed. Thyroid gland dimensions were examined by ultrasound. Levels of serum thyrotropin (TSH) and autoantibodies to thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO Abs) were measured from blood samples.Results
Median urinary iodine excretion levels decreased from 123.0 μg/l to 112.0 μg/l (p?=?<0.001) between 2000 and 2010. The prevalence of known thyroid disorders increased from 7.6 % [CI 6.9–8.5] to 18.9 % [CI 17.6–20.1] and of thyroid medication use from 6.2 to 11.1 %. The prevalence of goiter decreased from 35.1 to 29.4 % (p?=?<0.001), while the prevalence of positive anti-TPO Abs decreased from 3.9 to 2.9 % (p?=?0.022). Median serum TSH levels increased from 0.69 mIU/L to 1.19 mIU/L (p?=?<0.001). Consequently, prevalence of high TSH (mIU/L) increased from 2.6 to 2.9 % (p?=?0.452), and low TSH (mIU/L) decreased from 6.6 to 6.4 % (p?=?0.737).Conclusion
The decreased prevalence of iodine-deficient disorders and a stable prevalence of markers of autoimmune thyroid disorders argue for an improved iodine supply of the adult population in Northeast Germany. In contrast, the prevalence of diagnosed thyroid disorders and the intake of thyroid medication increased, although this might be related to inappropriate therapeutic decisions.18.
Background
Palpable breast lump, breast pain, and nipple discharge are common symptoms of breast disease. Breast cytology (fine-needle aspiration, nipple discharge smear, and touch preparation) accurately identifies benign, atypical, and malignant pathological changes in breast specimens. This study aims to determine the types of breast lesions diagnosed by breast cytology and assess the clinical adequacy of narrative reporting of breast cytology results.Methods
Medical records of 390 patients presenting to breast or general surgery clinics in Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya, between January 2010 and March 2014 were evaluated retrospectively.Results
Of the 390 diagnosed breast lesions, 89.7 % (n?=?350) occurred in females, while 10.3 % (n?=?40) occurred in males, giving rise to a female-to-male ratio of 8.8:1. Neoplastic breast lesions (n?=?296) comprised 75.9 %, while non-neoplastic breast lesions (n?=?94) comprised 24.1 % of all diagnosed breast lesions. The neoplastic lesions were classified as 72.3 % (n?=?214) benign and 27.7 % (n?=?82) malignant, resulting in a benign-to-malignant ratio of 2.6:1. Fibroadenoma (n?=?136) and gynecomastia (n?=?33) were the most frequently diagnosed breast lesions for women and men, respectively.Conclusions
Breast cytology effectively diagnosed neoplastic and non-neoplastic breast lesions. Neoplastic breast lesions occurred more frequently in women whereas non-neoplastic lesions occurred more frequently in men. To address the limitations associated with narrative reporting of breast cytology results, a synoptic reporting format incorporating the United Kingdom’s National Health Service Breast Screening Programme’s diagnostic categories (C1 to C5) is recommended for adoption by this hospital.19.
Léa Poggi Nelly Goutaudier Natalène Séjourné Henri Chabrol 《Maternal and child health journal》2018,22(5):772-778
Objectives
Given that prepartum psychiatric symptoms have been reported to be associated with postpartum disorders, focusing on the prepartum period appears of prime importance. The aim of the current study was threefold: (a) to identify the prevalence rates of women suffering from fear of childbirth (FOC) and tokophobia (b) to explore the association between FOC, obstetrical and psychopathological variables and (c) to identify the independent predictors of the intensity of FOC symptoms, FOC and tokophobia.Methods
at 36 weeks’ gestation, 98 women completed questionnaires assessing FOC, pretraumatic stress, fear of pain, depressive and anxiety symptomatology as well as perceived social support. Socio-demographic and gynecological data were also gathered.Results
22.45% of women reported a probable FOC and 20.41% suffered from a potential tokophobia. Epidural anesthesia (ß = 5.62, p?<?0.05), and the intensity of pretraumatic stress symptoms (ß= 0.69, p?<?0.05), were independently associated with the intensity of FOC symptoms. Planning a c-section was significantly related to FOC (β?=?0.09, p?=?0.03). Planning an epidural anesthesia was also an independent predictor of both FOC and tokophobia (β?=?1.33, p?=?0.03; β?=?1.26, p?=?0.04, respectively).Conclusions
Given the high rates of FOC and tokophobia highlighted, developing an appropriate preparation to childbirth is of great relevance. Longitudinal studies should be developed in order to provide an in-depth examination of the course of prepartum psychiatric disorders, maintenance of symptoms and their impact on subsequent infant development.20.
