共沉淀法制备稀土石榴石Ln3Al5O12(Ln=Y, Ce, Yb)

以Y2O3、Yb2O3、Al(NO3)3.9H2O和Ce(NO3)3.6H2O为原料,NH4HCO3、NH3.H2O做复合沉淀剂,用共沉淀法制备纳米稀土石榴石Ln3Al5O12(LnAG,Ln=Y,Ce,Yb)粉体。用TG/DTA、XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对LnAG前驱体及煅烧后的粉体进行表征。结果表明,用上述方法在1 000℃煅烧3h可得到分散性好、形状规则且粒径为50nm左右的Y3Al5O12、Yb3Al5O12、Y2.9Ce0.1Al5O12石榴石粉体,但不能得到Ce3Al5O12石榴石,合成石榴石粉体的最佳煅烧温度为1 050℃以上。     

不同沉淀剂制备氧化铈抛光粉

氧化铈(CeO₂)抛光粉在光学玻璃、手机盖板、集成电路等领域内有着广泛的应用。合成高端CeO₂抛光粉主要采用液相沉淀得到前驱体,再经过煅烧转型制得CeO₂。前驱体是决定CeO₂抛光粉性质和性能的关键因素之一。通过模拟工业上常用的制备方法,以氯化铈(CeCl₃)为铈源,使用碳酸钠(Na₂CO₃)、碳酸铵[(NH₄)₂CO₃]、碳酸氢铵(NH₄HCO₃)、二水合草酸(H₂C2O₄·2H₂O)和氢氧化钠(NaOH)为沉淀剂,合成了一系列CeO₂抛光粉的前驱体。利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光粒度仪等手段表征了前驱体的晶相、形貌、粒度等性质,并研究了前驱体煅烧转型后的CeO₂性质及其对K9光学玻璃的...     

Preparation and Characterization of CeO2-ZrO2 Solid Solution Ultrafine Particles Using Reversed Microemulsion

The development of the TWCs (three-way cata-lysts) was dictated bythe need to si multaneously con-vert the three main pollutants inthe exhaust gases ,i .e .,hydrocarbons (HCs) ,COand NOxpresent in theautomotive exhaust to H2O, CO2and N2[1]. Highestconvers…     

沉淀剂对ZrO_2(MgO)纳米粉体制备的影响

以ZrOCl_2·8H_2O、Mg(NO_3)_2·6H_2O为原料,分别以氨水、氨水+0.5 mol/L碳酸铵、氨水+0.5 mol/L碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,采用化学共沉淀法制备ZrO_2(MgO)前驱体粉体.通过差热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱等对所得纳米粉体进行测定分析.结果表明:采用不同沉淀剂制得的ZrO2(MgO)纳米粉体平均晶粒尺寸都稍大于30 nm,用氨水+碳酸铵、氨水+碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂时,能够提高ZrO_2(MgO)纳米粉体的分散性能.     

Effect of different mixing ways in palladium/ceria-zirconia/alumina preparation on partial oxidation of methane

The effect of the mixing ways of Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-Al2O3 mixed oxides on the partial oxidations of methane （POM） was investigated over Pd/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-Al2O3 catalysts, the mixing ways including salt precursor mixing （ATOM）, precipitator mixing （MOL）, and powder mechanically mixing （MECH）, respectively. The test results indicated that among the three samples, Pd/ATOM had the best catalytic activity while Pd/MOL had the best stability in the stability test. Both the activity sequences of the fresh and used samples were consistent with the order of Pd dispersion. According to the X-ray diffraction （XRD） and BET characterization, the interaction of Ce^4＋, Zr^4＋, and Al^3＋ in the ATOM mixed oxide was in favor of performing higher catalytic activity and thermal stability. The stability test indicated that Pd/MOL had the highest Pd dispersion and least coke formation on the active sites calculated by the Hz-chemisorption and TG results, which was considered to relate to its superior activity of POM to other catalysts.     

铝对钐铕钆碳酸盐沉淀的影响

针对北方混合轻稀土矿占比2%的中重稀土,研究铝含量、溶液浓度、沉淀方式等对钐铕钆碳酸盐的晶核形成及长大过程的影响。最佳生产工艺条件为:稀土浓度200g/L、铝含量0.018g/L的钐铕钆溶液加入50%晶种、正液沉淀。沉淀由Sm2(CO3)3·2.85H2O、Eu2(CO3)3·3H2O、Gd2(CO3)3·3H2O组成的非晶型钐铕钆碳酸盐,铝含量低于0.02g/L可消除铝水解的影响,得到的钐铕钆碳酸盐晶粒尺寸大、晶化程度高,易于过滤。     

Dynamic Oxygen Storage Capacity Measurements on Ceria-Based Material

The constant increase in the number of environ-mental protection regulations worldwide has broughtabout significant restrictions onthe nature and quantityof exhaust gases originating from mobile sources suchas automobile emissions .These increasingly dema…     

Preparation of ultrafine Ce-based oxide nanoparticles and their catalytic performances for diesel soot combustion

The ultrafine Ce-based oxide nanoparticles with different element dopings （Zr, Y） were synthesized by the method of mi- cropores-diffused coprecipitation （MDC） using ammonia solution as the precipitation agent. The activities of the catalysts for soot oxidation were evaluated by the temperature-programmed oxidation （TPO） reaction. Ce-based oxides prepared in this study exhibited high catalytic activity for soot oxidation under tile condition of loose contact between soot particles and catalysts, and the catalytic ac- tivity ofultrafine Ce0.gZr0 iO2 nanoparticle for soot combustion was the highest, whose/＂10, Ts0 and Sco2m was 364, 442 ~C and 98.3%, respectively. All catalysts were systematically characterized by means of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Brumauer-Emett-Teller （BET）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （UV-Vis DRS）. It was indicated that the MDC method could prepare the ultrafine Ce-bascd oxide nanoparticles whose the crystal lattice were perfect, and the BET surface area and average crystal size of the ultrafine nanoparticles changed with the different element dopings （Zr, Y）. The H2-TPR measurements showed that the ultrafine Ce-based ox- ide nanoparticles with the doping-Zr cation could be favorable for improving the redox property of the catalysts.     

从贫化电炉渣浮选尾砂中氨浸铜的动力学研究

研究了采用(NH4)2CO3-NH3·H2O体系从湖北大冶某冶炼厂电炉渣浮选尾砂中浸出铜,考察了炉渣粒度、浸出温度、氨水浓度、固液质量体积比、碳酸铵用量、搅拌速度等因素对铜浸出率的影响。试验获得从电炉渣浮选尾砂中浸出铜的最佳条件为:炉渣粒度0～0.045mm,浸出温度80℃,氨水质量浓度70g/L,固液质量体积比1∶10,碳酸铵用量1.5g,搅拌速度500r/min。浸出过程前、后期受固膜扩散控制,浸出中期受扩散与化学反应共同控制。     

氧化石墨烯在二水磷酸铁复合前驱体制备中的作用

以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O、NaH2PO4·2H2O、H3PO4为原料,添加氧化石墨烯(Graphene oxide,GO),采用均相沉淀法制备石墨烯/二水磷酸铁复合前驱体(Graphene/FePO4·2H2O),以期用于制备石墨烯/LiFePO4复合正极材料.结果发现,GO的添加可使FePO4·2H2O前驱体形貌由团聚的絮状转变为分散的类球状;对类球状粉体过滤浓缩后,再进行原料的滴加操作,使类球状粉体二次生长,产物为规则的球状粉体,且粒度分布均匀,分散性好,D50=4.220μm,振实密度达1.31 g/m3.粉体的XRD、FT-IR及Raman分析结果表明,前驱体制备中添加的GO在反应过程中已基本还原为石墨烯,这对于高密度球状石墨烯/磷酸铁复合前驱体的制备具有重要的应用价值.